Mautam
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Mautâm is a cyclic ecological phenomenon that occurs every 48–50 years in the northeastern Indian states of Tripura, Mizoram and Manipur, as well as in many places of Assam which are 30% covered by wild bamboo forests, and Chin State in Myanmar, particularly Hakha, Thantlang, Falam, Paletwa and Matupi Townships. It begins with a rat population boom, which in turn creates a widespread famine in those areas.[1]
During mautâm,
History
During this period,
Regular rodent outbreaks associated with bamboo flowering (and subsequent fruiting and seeding) also occur in the nearby Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, and Nagaland,[6] as well as in Laos, Japan, Madagascar, and South America.[7] Thingtâm, a similar famine, occurs with the flowering of another species of bamboo, Bambusa tulda.[8]
Mautam and thingtam have been observed to strictly alternate, with a gap of 18 years from mautam to thingtam and a gap of 30 years from thingtam to mautam.[9] Recorded instances of mautam include 1864, 1910–1912, 1958–1959, and 2007–2008 and those of thingtam include 1880–1884, 1928–1929, and 1976–1977. The next predicted events if this pattern continues are thingtam in 2025–2026 and mautam in 2055–2056.[9]
See also
References
- ^ "Swarms of rats destroy crops in townships in Chin state", Inside Burma, Mizzima.
- ^ Rat Attack, Plant vs. Predator, PBS.
- PMID 20150483.
- ^ Foster, Peter (14 October 2004), Bamboo threatens to bring Indian famine, Papillons art palace, archived from the original on 20 December 2010, retrieved 4 June 2006.
- ISBN 978-0-313-37463-0. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
- ^ Rodent problems in India and strategies for their management (PDF), AU: Aciar, archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2006, retrieved 4 June 2006.
- ^ Rodent outbreaks in the uplands of Laos: analysis of historical patterns and the identity of nuu khii (PDF), AU: Aciar, archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2006, retrieved 4 June 2006.
- S2CID 35487186.
- ^ S2CID 84596075. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
External links.
- Indian army's new enemy is rats, UK: BBC, 3 June 2006,
troops in the six north-eastern states of the country are used to dealing with insurgencies" but are now dealing with "an infestation of rats
. - Bamboo the life blood of the people: Alarm to Ecosystem, SOS arsenic.
- Mautaam in Manipur, archived from the original on 25 October 2011, retrieved 9 September 2013.
- "Rat Attack, Plant vs. Predator", NOVA (interview), PBS, 30 September 2008,
noted ecologist Daniel Janzen describes how Melocanna […] bamboo's strategy came about
.