Meitei classical language movement
English name | Movement of Meitei language to achieve classical language status |
---|---|
Time | 2013 - present[1] |
Duration | 2013 - present[1] |
Venue | Bangladesh, Myanmar, Northeast India (Assam, Manipur and Tripura)[2][3] |
Location | Bangladesh, Myanmar, Northeast India (Assam, Manipur and Tripura)[4][5] |
Also known as |
|
Type | Social movement |
Theme | |
Cause | Introduction of an officially recognised linguistic elite category called " Manipuri language ) |
Patron(s) | |
Organised by |
|
Participants |
|
Outcome | ("Under consideration")[30][31][32] |
Part of a series on |
Meitei people |
---|
The
Chungkham Yashawanta
Background
2004 – 2012
In the year 2004, the Government of India set up an official elite category named "Classical languages of India". According to Jaipal Reddy, the then Minister of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India, an expert committee had suggested strict criteria for languages to qualify, like that the language should have been in existence for 1,000 years.[37]
In the later years, the Government of India reformed and announced some criteria for a language to be recognized as a "classical language".[38][39] As of now, there are four criteria:
(i) High antiquity of its early texts/recorded history over a period of 1500-2000 years;[40][41][42]
(ii) A body of ancient literature/texts, which is considered a valuable heritage by generations of speakers;[43][44][45]
(iii) The literary tradition be original and not borrowed from another speech community;[46][47][48]
(iv) The classical language and literature being distinct from modern, there may also be a discontinuity between the classical language and its later forms or its offshoots.[49][50][51]
For the languages which are declared as classical languages, 3 benefits are availed by the Government of India.[52]
- Two major annual international awards for scholars of eminence in the concerned language.[53]
- A 'Centre of Excellence for Studies in Classical Languages' can be set up.[54]
- The University Grants Commission (UGC) can be requested to create, to start with at least in Central Universities, a certain number of professional chairs for classical languages, for scholars of eminence in the concerned language.[55]
2013
Since the year 2013, after learning about the criteria and the benefits of the officially recognised classical languages of India, many people started talking about classical language status for
Notably during July 2013, A. Balkrishna Sharma, the then Vice-President of "Naharol Sahitya Premee Samiti", said "We are also proud to claim Manipuri as a classical language because of the rich tradition of writing maintained by our forefathers".[57]
2014
In the year 2014, as a part of the social effort, Chungkham Yashawanta, a Professor of the "Department of Linguistics", Manipur University wrote that to fulfill the four criteria for a classical language, there is a need for the scientific analysis of Meitei language and Meitei script, the prehistory and the unbroken history of Manipur, Meitei culture (including religious, philosophical, ideological and artistic traditions), origin and development of Meitei literature, and others.[58]
Fulfilling of the Criteria and subsequent social efforts
2014
During June 2014,
During August 2014, Chungkham Yashobanta, a Professor of the "Department of Linguistics",
2015
During May 2015, the Manipuri Sahitya Parishad organized its 80th annual meeting. The functionaries of the Manipuri Sahitya Parishad urged the State Government of Manipur to put in necessary efforts so that Meitei language gets recognised as a "classical language".[63] In the event, Gaikhangam Gangmei, the then Deputy Chief Minister of the Government of Manipur, as a chief guest of the event, promised that he would put in his best efforts so that Meitei language gets the "classical language" tag.[64]
2016
During August 2016, the
On the
During May 2016, the
2017
In the upcoming years, 2017 and 2018, many scholars started giving more opinions of Meitei language fulfilling, satisfying or touching all the four criteria laid down by the Government of India for a "classical language".[71][72][73]
During August 2017, Thongam Biswajit Singh, the then Works, Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Commerce and Industries and Information and Public Relations Minister of the Government of Manipur, urged the people for a collective effort for the upgradation of Meitei language to the status of a "classical language", by stressing out the significance of the language.[74]
2018
Notably, on 21 February 2018, at an event of the International Mother Language Day in Imphal, Paonam Gunindro, a Professor of the "Department of Manipuri" of Manipur University, while delivering a lecture on "Manipuri Lol and Classical language"[d], said that all the four criteria for the declaration of a language as a "classical language" is touched by Meitei language.[75]
During April 2018, the
During June 2018, on the occasion of
During July 2018, on the occasion of the 30th annual meeting of "Writers Forum Manipur", a meeting resolved to urge the
During August 2018, Dr. Laishram Mahabir Singh, the Director of the
2019
During August 2019, on the
King's leading efforts
2020
In the year 2020,
Sanajaoba informed Manipur's chief minister regarding the central government's response and a committee comprising officials from the Directorate of Language Planning and Implementation and also Directorate of Art and Culture was formed in the very year. In the later years, he was the spearheading leader of the classical language movement.[86]
2021
During August 2021, on the
2022
June 2022
During June 2022, at the opening session of two-day 88th foundation celebration of
"Process for inclusion of Manipuri language among classical languages of the country got delayed due to inaction on the part of state government"[94]
July 2022
During July 2022, while talking to the Imphal Free Press during a programme held at Babupara in Imphal, Th Basantakumar, Minister of Education Department of the Government of Manipur, said that the government had planned a roadmap to collect and prepare all necessary documents and submit them to the Ministry of Culture (India) by September of the very year.[95]
September 2022
During the first week of September 2022, the annual general body meeting of the "Writer's Forum, Manipur", organised at Manipur Hindi Parishad,
During the second week of September 2022, the
Negligences and grievances
During a January 2022 meeting with the Wakhallon Mannaba Apunba (WAMA),
See also
- Language Movement Day
- Language revitalization
- Meitei associate official language movement
- Meitei language day
- Directorate of Language Planning and Implementation
Notes
- ^ "Meetei" and "Meitei" are used synonymously but for particular associations and organizations, specific terms are used.
- ^ The word "Yashobanta" is also spelled as "Yashawanta". So, the name of this person is available in either of the two spellings in different sources.
- ^ The word "Yashobanta" is also spelled as "Yashawanta". So, the name of this person is available in either of the two spellings in different sources.
- Manipuri language), the term "Lol" (a free variationof the word "Lon") literally means "Language" and is not related to the English acronym "laughing out loud".
References
- ^ a b "Manipur steps up to renew push for inclusion of Manipuri among India's classical languages (time duration of the movement)". Imphal Free Press.
The movement for recognizing Manipuri as a classical language began in 2013, yet there has been a gap in the follow up actions.
- ^ IANS (20 August 2016). "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". Business Standard India. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". MorungExpress. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". MorungExpress. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ IANS (20 August 2016). "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". Business Standard India. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Correspondent (15 September 2010). "Centre sets rider for classical status to Manipuri language". assamtribune.com. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
Manipur's titular king and Rajya Sabha member Leishemba Sanajaoba today stated that the Government of India has agreed to recognise Manipuri as one of the classical languages of India on condition that it fulfils four eligibility criteria. Speaking at a felicitation function here, MP Sanajaoba stated that the Manipur Government has already constituted a committee under the chairmanship of the Chief Secretary to fulfil the criteria stipulated for attaining the classical language status.
- ^ "Manipur Govt Begins Efforts for Inclusion of Manipuri Among 'Classical' Languages". India Today NE (in Hindi). 21 August 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Press, Imphal Free. "CM endorses Parishad's demand for Manipuri as classical language – KanglaOnline". Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Focus on development of Meitei Mayek instead of introducing Sanskrit, MEELAL tells education minister". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ^ "'Manipur language which belongs to Tibeto-Burma has touched the criteria of a classical language' | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Government must take concrete step for recognition of Manipuri as classical language". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "A case of classical language". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Concerted efforts needed for Manipuri language to achieve classical language status: MP Sanajaoba". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Sanajaoba calls for collective effort to promote Manipuri | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Process for recognising Manipuri as classical language of India underway: MP Sanajaoba". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipuri Language Day : 18th aug14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "'Knowing intrinsic values of classical languages crucial' : 16th apr18 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Press, Imphal Free. "Raise Manipuri language to classical status: Dr Nara | KanglaOnline". Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipur CM Biren urges people to protect identity & language". 20 August 2022. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
The Minister further stated that under the leadership and advice of Chief Minister N. Biren Singh, efforts are on seeking recognition of the Manipuri language as the 7th Classical Language of India.
- ^ "Manipur steps up to renew push for inclusion of Manipuri among India's classical languages". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
The development came after Chief Minister Nongthombam Biren chaired a meeting with the Committee for Declaration of Manipuri Language as a classical language to chalk out a roadmap and timeline for initiating necessary steps in this regard on Thursday. State Education Minister Thounaojam Basanta Kumar has been made the chairman of the committee.
- ^ Press, Imphal Free. "CM endorses Parishad's demand for Manipuri as classical language – KanglaOnline". Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "'Manipur language which belongs to Tibeto-Burma has touched the criteria of a classical language' | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipur Govt Begins Efforts for Inclusion of Manipuri Among 'Classical' Languages". India Today NE (in Hindi). 21 August 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "28th Manipuri Language Day: Call for promotion of native language rung across the State". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipur steps up to renew push for inclusion of Manipuri among India's classical languages". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
The development came after Chief Minister Nongthombam Biren chaired a meeting with the Committee for Declaration of Manipuri Language as a classical language to chalk out a roadmap and timeline for initiating necessary steps in this regard on Thursday. State Education Minister Thounaojam Basanta Kumar has been made the chairman of the committee.
- ^ "Governor eyes classical status for Manipuri language : 18th jun14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Time to accelerate declaration of Manipuri as classical language: Governor : 18th jun14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipuri likely get classical language tag soon : 24th jun22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Sanajaoba hopeful of getting classical language status : 24th jun22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Desk, MF News (21 August 2021). "PM Modi Considering Inclusion of Manipuri Language in Indian Classical language & Currency Notes". manipurfact.com. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "RS MP informs : 21st aug21 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
MP Leishemba Sanajaoba has said that the Central Government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is considering inclusion of Manipuri language in the list of 'Indian Classical Language' and inclusion of Meetei Mayek on currency notes.
- ^ "Process for recognising Manipuri as classical language of India underway: MP Sanajaoba". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ IANS (20 August 2016). "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". Business Standard India. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". MorungExpress. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Will Manipuri be a Classical Language By Chungkham Yashawanta". e-pao.net.
- ^ Press, Imphal Free. "Raise Manipuri language to classical status: Dr Nara | KanglaOnline".
- ^ "India sets up classical languages". 17 September 2004. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Criteria for Declaring Classical Language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "English Releases". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Criteria for Declaring Classical Language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "English Releases". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Vice President stresses the need to preserve and promote classical languages". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Criteria for Declaring Classical Language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "English Releases". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Vice President stresses the need to preserve and promote classical languages". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Criteria for Declaring Classical Language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "English Releases". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Vice President stresses the need to preserve and promote classical languages". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Criteria for Declaring Classical Language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "English Releases". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Vice President stresses the need to preserve and promote classical languages". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classifying Odia as classical language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classifying Odia as classical language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classifying Odia as classical language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classifying Odia as classical language". pib.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Will Manipuri be a Classical Language By Chungkham Yashawanta". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Writers' Day 2013 celebrated : 18th jul13 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Will Manipuri be a Classical Language By Chungkham Yashawanta". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Time to accelerate declaration of Manipuri as classical language: Governor : 18th jun14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Governor eyes classical status for Manipuri language : 18th jun14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipuri Language Day : 18th aug14 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Press, Imphal Free. "Raise Manipuri language to classical status: Dr Nara | KanglaOnline". Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Ibobi assures aid to Manipuri literature : 11th may15 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
On their part, Manipuri Sahitya Parishad functionaries urged the State Government to put in necessary efforts so that Manipuri is recognised as a classical language and Lai Haraoba is included in the UNESCO's world heritage list.
- ^ "Sahitya Parishad holds annual meeting : 10th may15 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
Speaking at the meeting, Gaikhangam asserted that literature not only reflects but also guides a society. He promised that he would put in his best efforts so that Lai Haraoba is included in the UNESCO Cultural Heritage list and Manipuri language gets the classical language tag.
- ^ IANS (20 August 2016). "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". Business Standard India. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Classic language status for Manipuri demanded". MorungExpress. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Language Day held all over State : 21st aug16 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Language Day : 20th aug16 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Press, Imphal Free. "CM endorses Parishad's demand for Manipuri as classical language – KanglaOnline". Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "81st foundation day of Manipuri Sahitya Parishad CM calls for hill-valley integrity : 16th may16 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipuri is a classical language By Free Thinker". e-pao.net.
- ^ "'Manipur language which belongs to Tibeto-Burma has touched the criteria of a classical language' | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ KanglaOnline. "Manipuri is a classical language – KanglaOnline". Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "State observes 26th Manipur Language Day ; IPR Minister bats for classical language status : 21st aug17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "'Manipur language which belongs to Tibeto-Burma has touched the criteria of a classical language' | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "'Knowing intrinsic values of classical languages crucial' : 16th apr18 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Coordination of sound, heart and mind necessary for good music: L Jayantakumar : 22nd jun18 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "30th annual meeting of Writers Forum Manipur held : 18th jun18 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Role of NGOs stressed in promoting language : 19th aug18 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipur Govt Begins Efforts for Inclusion of Manipuri Among 'Classical' Languages". India Today NE (in Hindi). 21 August 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "28th Manipuri Language Day: Call for promotion of native language rung across the State". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "28th Manipuri Language Day: Call for promotion of native language rung across the State : 21st aug19 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ S, Vangamla Salle K. (20 June 2020). "BJP candidate Leishemba Sanajaoba wins RS election in Manipur". EastMojo. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "MP for classical language status : 23rd sep20 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Process for recognising Manipuri as classical language of India underway: MP Sanajaoba". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "A case of classical language". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ Desk, MF News (21 August 2021). "PM Modi Considering Inclusion of Manipuri Language in Indian Classical language & Currency Notes". manipurfact.com. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "RS MP informs : 21st aug21 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
MP Leishemba Sanajaoba has said that the Central Government led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is considering inclusion of Manipuri language in the list of 'Indian Classical Language' and inclusion of Meetei Mayek on currency notes.
- ^ "Concerted efforts needed for Manipuri language to achieve classical language status: MP Sanajaoba". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "'Meetei Mayek in currency note likely' : 21st aug21 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Sanajaoba calls for collective effort to promote Manipuri | Pothashang News". Pothashang. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipuri likely get classical language tag soon : 24th jun22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Sanajaoba hopeful of getting classical language status : 24th jun22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Sanajaoba hopeful of getting classical language status : 24th jun22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Manipur steps up to renew push for inclusion of Manipuri among India's classical languages". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Writer's Forum, Manipur holds annual general body meeting : 05th sep22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
The statement also appealed the central Government to take up the necessary steps for inclusion of Manipuri language among the classical languages of India.
- ^ "Process on for classical language tag to Meeteilol: WAMA : 11th sep22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
- ^ "Government must take concrete step for recognition of Manipuri as classical language". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Government must take concrete step for recognition of Manipuri as classical language". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ "Wakhallon Mannaba Apunba Kangleipak urges : 21st jan22 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
External links
- "Manipuri is a classical language By Free Thinker". e-pao.net. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
- "United Nations Day observed : 27th sep18 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net. Retrieved 25 August 2022.