Mendeleyevo Microdistrict

Mendeleyevo (Russian: Менделеево) is part of the Tsentralny District in Kaliningrad, Russia. Until 1947, it was known by its German name Juditten (Lithuanian: Judyčių; Polish: Judyty) as first a suburb of and then a quarter of Königsberg, Germany. Juditten Church was a site of pilgrimage since the Middle Ages. The philosopher Johann Christoph Gottsched was born in Juditten in 1700.

Etymology

The estate was first documented ca. 1287 as duas villas sic nominatas Gaudityn near

Sudovian chieftain known as Gedete who had relocated to Sambia.^[1] The site was documented in 1349 as super villam Gauditin, Gauditen and in 1402^[2]

as Judynkirchen. In 1670 it was mentioned by its modern German name, Juditten, in ducal documents.

In 1947 Juditten was renamed Mendeleyevo in Russian.

History

Founded in 1288, the fortified

Protestant Reformation.^[3] It was included within the Duchy of Prussia in 1525 and the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701. Juditten was made part of East Prussia

in 1773.

In 1760 the estate was purchased by the wine merchant Balthasar Schindelmeißer,[4] a member of Königsberg Castle's Blutgericht tavern after 1805.^[5] In 1808 his successor Johann Richter hosted King Frederick William III and Queen Louise several times.^[6] In 1814 Richter named the estate Luisenthal to honor Louise, while a fort constructed in 1855 received the name Königin Luise (Queen Louise). Juditten developed into a garden town suburb; the conservation of the parish copse was due to the efforts of the Königsberg city councillor Theodor Krohne (1846–1925).^[2] The copse was later known as the Theodor-Krohne-Wäldchen.

As a result of the Prussian administrative reorganization following the

Charlottenburg, Friedrichswalde, Groß Rathshof, Klein Rathshof, Moditten; and the Juditten mill (Mühle). The fort VI Königin Luise, named in 1894, was built near Juditten as part of the new Königsberg fortifications

constructed from 1872 to 1894.

At the beginning of the 20th century the village was developed into a villa suburb by the private company Villenkolonie Juditten.

Stadtkreis

Königsberg i. Pr).

The Juditten roads Derfflingerstraße, Lehwaldtstraße, and Frischbierweg were named after the field marshal

Hermann Karl Frischbier, respectively. Gottschedstraße and the town square Gottschedplatz honored native son Johann Christoph Gottsched. Peterweg honored Peter, the painter who created the frescoes in the church. Lovis-Corinth-Straße was named after the painter Lovis Corinth.^[8]

Juditten was largely unscathed during

expelled westward. The village was included within the Kaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

and renamed Mendeleyevo on 25 July 1947.