Messier 34
![Sky map](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Jupiter_and_moon.png/20px-Jupiter_and_moon.png)
Messier 34 | |
---|---|
Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.5[3] |
Apparent dimensions (V) | 35.0′[3] |
Physical characteristics | |
Radius | 7 ly |
Estimated age | 200–250 million years[2] |
Other designations | NGC 1039, Cr 31, OCl 382, C 0238+425[1] |
Associations | |
Constellation | Perseus[3] |
Messier 34 (also known as M34, NGC 1039, or the Spiral Cluster) is a large and relatively near
Based on the
The age of this cluster lies between the ages of the Pleiades open cluster at 100 million years and the Hyades open cluster at 800 million years. Specifically, comparison between noted stellar spectra and the values predicted by stellar evolutionary models suggest 200–250 million years.[2] This is roughly the age at which stars with half a solar mass enter the main sequence. By comparison, stars like the Sun enter the main sequence after 30 million years.[5]
The average proportion of elements with higher atomic numbers than helium is termed the metallicity by astronomers. This is expressed by the logarithm of the ratio of iron to hydrogen, compared to the same proportion in the Sun. For M34, the metallicity has a value of [Fe/H] = +0.07 ± 0.04. This is equivalent to a 17% higher proportion of iron compared to the Sun. Other elements show a similar abundance, save for nickel which is underabundant.[7]
At least 19 members are
See also
- List of Messier objects
References
- ^ a b c "M 34". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
- ^ doi:10.1086/117865.
- ^ a b c d e Jones, Kenneth Glyn (1991). Messier's nebulae and star clusters (2nd ed.). )
- ^ Frommert, Hartmut; Kronberg, Christine (1998-02-08). "Hodierna's Deep Sky Observations". Retrieved 2009-09-03.
- ^ a b
Irwin, Jonathan; et al. (2006). "The Monitor project: rotation of low-mass stars in the open cluster M34". S2CID 10454602.
- ^ freestarcharts.com. "Messier 34 - M34 - Open Cluster | freestarcharts.com". freestarcharts.com. Retrieved 2018-10-25.
- ^
Schuler, Simon C.; et al. (2003). "Spectroscopic Abundances of Solar-Type Dwarfs in the Open Cluster M34 (NGC 1039)". doi:10.1086/373927.
- S2CID 1481865.
External links
Media related to Messier 34 at Wikimedia Commons
- Messier 34, SEDS Messier pages
- Messier 34 – Image by Donald P. Waid
- Gretton, Roy; Gray, Meghan; Szymanek, Nik. "M34 – Open Cluster". Deep Sky Videos. Brady Haran.
- Messier 34 on