Mitrofan Nedelin
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Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin | |
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Chief marshal of the artillery | |
| Commands held | 13th Artillery Regiment (1939–40) Artillery 160th Rifle Division (1940–41) 4th Anti-Tank Brigade (1941) Artillery 18th Army (1941) Artillery 37th Army (1941–43) Artillery 56th Army (1943) V Artillery Corps (1943) Artillery South-Western Front (1943) Artillery 3rd Ukrainian Front (1943–45) Artillery Southern Soviet Group of Forces (1945–46) Chief Artillery Directorate (1948–50) Artillery (1950–52, 1953–55) Deputy Minister of War (1952–53) Deputy Minister of Defence (1955–60) Strategic Missile Force (1959–60) |
| Battles/wars | Russian Civil War Spanish Civil War Winter War World War II |
| Awards | Hero of the Soviet Union |
Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin (
Soviet military commander who served as Chief Marshal of the Artillery in the Soviet Armed Forces
.
A long-time member of the
ICBMs and the Space Race. On 24 October 1960, Nedelin was killed in an explosion at Baikonur Cosmodrome during the eponymous Nedelin catastrophe
.
Early life
Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin was born on November 9, 1902, in Borisoglebsk, Voronezh Governorate, Russian Empire.
Military career
Nedelin joined the
foreign volunteer for the Republican Government, and the same year was appointed to command 13th Artillery Regiment in the Soviet Red Army.[2] In 1940 he was appointed to command the artillery of 160th Rifle Division after returning from Spain, and participated in the Winter War until 1940.[2]
In 1941, after the Soviet Union entered
Northern Caucasian Front.[1][2] From there Nedelin moved to command the V Artillery Corps, and then the artillery of the south-western front, and then the artillery of the 3rd Ukrainian Front where he stayed from 1943 to 1945, playing an especially important part in the capture of Hungary.[1][2] In 1945, Nedelin became assistant commanding officer and then the commanding officer of the artillery of the Soviet Southern Group of Forces.[1][2]
In 1946, after the end of the Second World War, Nedelin became chief of staff of the chief artillery directorate of the
Space
During the
Sputnik, the world's first artificial Earth satellite, and then the Vostok manned space vehicles into orbit. These accomplishments allowed the Soviet Union to beat the United States on being the first nation to enter space, and taking a leading position during the early Space Race
.
Death
On 24 October 1960, Nedelin, along with approximately 120 other individuals, was killed in a test rocket explosion at
collapse of the Soviet Union
in the 1990s uncovered the incident.
Nedelin was buried in a tomb in the
Russian President Boris Yeltsin posthumously awarded the Order of Courage to Nedelin and the personnel who were responsible for preparing the R-16 missile
.
Honors and awards
- Soviet Union and Russia
- Order of Courage (1999, posthumously)[4]
- Hero of the Soviet Union (28 April 1945)
- Five Orders of Lenin (13 September 1944, 28 April 1945, 20 April 1956, 21 December 1957)
- Four Orders of the Red Banner (22 February 1939, 13 December 1942, 3 November 1944, 15 November 1950)
- Order of Suvorov 1st class (19 March 1944)
- Order of Kutuzov 1st class (26 October 1943)
- Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st class (18 November 1944)
- Order of the Patriotic War 1st class (3 November 1944)
- Order of the Badge of Honour (16 August 1936)
- Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus" (1944)
- Medal "For the Capture of Budapest" (1945)
- Medal "For the Capture of Vienna" (1945)
- Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" (1945)
- Jubilee Medal "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army" (1938)
- Jubilee Medal "30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy" (1948)
- Jubilee Medal "40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR" (1958)
- Foreign
- Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)
- Medal of Sino-Soviet Friendship (China)
- Order of Hungarian Freedom (Hungary)
- Order of the Partisan Star, 1st class (Yugoslavia)
In other media
- Marshall Nedellin appears as a character in the 2005 BBC docudrama TV series, Space Race. He is played by English actor Tim Woodward.
- Nedelin Disaster // RussianSpaceWeb.com (in English)
References
- ^ ISBN 0-271-02861-0, p817.
- ^ a b c d e f g h The Generals of WWII – Nedelin
- ^ А. Железняков. "Байконурская трагедия". Retrieved 24 April 2021.
- ^ Osovik, Kirill. "Неделин Митрофан Иванович". www.warheroes.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 September 2020.
Further reading
- "Rockets and people" – ISBN 5-217-02942-0(in Russian);
- J. K. Golovanov, M., «Korolev: Facts and myths», ISBN 5-02-000822-2;
- "Testing of rocket and space technology - the business of my life" Events and facts - A.I. Ostashev, Korolyov, 2001.[1];
- «A breakthrough in space» - Konstantin Vasilyevich Gerchik, M: LLC "Veles", 1994, - ISBN 5-87955-001-X;
- «At risk» – A. A. Toul, ISBN 5-7111-0333-1
- "Top secret General" – E.T. Beloglazova, M: "the Heroes of the Fatherland", 2005. ISBN 5-98698-012-3
- "Melua, A.I." " Rocket technology, cosmonautics and artillery. Biographies of scientists and specialists.- 2nd ed., supplement, St. Petersburg: "Humanistics"[2], 2005. С. 355. ISBN 5-86050-243-5
- "Look back and look ahead. Notes of a military engineer" - Rjazhsky A. A., 2004, SC. first, the publishing house of the "Heroes of the Fatherland" ISBN 5-91017-018-X.
- ISBN 978-5-8135-0510-2.
- "Unknown Baikonur" - edited by B. I. Posysaeva, M.: "globe", 2001. ISBN 5-8155-0051-8
- "Rocket and space feat Baikonur" - Vladimir Порошков, the "Patriot" publishers 2007. ISBN 5-7030-0969-3
- "Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C., ISBN 978-966-136-169-9
- "We grew hearts in Baikonur" - Author: Eliseev V. I. M: publisher OAO MPK in 2018, ISBN 978-5-8493-0415-1
External links
Media related to Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin at Wikimedia Commons
- Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin //Family history
- The newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets // The disaster at Baikonur (in Russian)
- The official website of the city administration Baikonur // Baikonur commemorated a test rocket and space technology.(in Russian)
- The official website of the city administration Baikonur - Honorary citizens of Baikonur
- For the 50th anniversary of the flight of Yuri Gagarin //Press note No. 3 |Jan – APR| 2011. (in Russian)
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