National-Christian Defense League
National-Christian Defense League Liga Apărării Național Creștine | |
---|---|
President | A. C. Cuza |
Secretary-General | Nichifor Crainic |
Founder | A. C. Cuza Nichifor Crainic Nicolae Paulescu |
Founded | 4 March 1923 |
Dissolved | 16 July 1935 |
Merged into | National Christian Party |
Headquarters | Bucharest, Kingdom of Romania |
Newspaper | Apărarea Națională[1] |
Paramilitary wing | Lăncieri |
Ideology | Romanian ultranationalism Antisemitism Corporate statism[2][3] |
Political position | Far-right |
Religion | Romanian Orthodoxy |
Colours | Blue Yellow Red Brown (customary) |
Party flag | |
Part of a series on |
Fascism in Romania |
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The National-Christian Defense League (Romanian: Liga Apărării Național Creștine, LANC) was a far-right political party of Romania formed by A. C. Cuza.[4]
Origins
The LANC had its roots in the National Christian Union, formed in 1922 by Cuza and the famed
The swastika became the symbol of Cuza's movement and appeared in its publications, booklets and electoral programs. Cuza claimed that the symbol was purely Romanian in character and denied that LANC had copied the
The LANC became associated with extreme anti-semitism, calling for a gradual withdrawal of
Growth
Initially the LANC gained some support and its blue shirted militia group, the
Decline
However, Cuza's leadership, characterised by his level-headed professorial approach, led to some discontent particularly amongst the group's youth and student movement, the
Merger
The LANC managed to regroup and returned to the
Electoral history
Legislative elections
Election | Votes | % | Assembly | Senate | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1926 | 124,778 | 4.9% | 10 / 387
|
0 / 115
|
4th |
1927 | 52,481 | 1.9% | 0 / 387
|
0 / 110
|
5th |
1928 | 32,273 | 1.2% | 0 / 387
|
0 / 110
|
7th |
1931 | 113,863 | 4.0% | 8 / 387
|
0 / 113
|
6th |
1932 | 159,071 | 5.5% | 11 / 387
|
2 / 113
|
5th |
1933 | 133,205 | 4.6% | 9 / 387
|
0 / 108
|
5th |
References
- ^ Background and precursors to the Holocaust Jewish Virtual Library
- ISBN 978-1-879383-39-5.
- ^
ISBN 9781483305394. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
[...] fascist Italy [...] developed a state structure known as the corporate state with the ruling party acting as a mediator between 'corporations' making up the body of the nation. Similar designs were quite popular elsewhere in the 1930s. The most prominent examples were Estado Novo in Portugal (1932-1968) and Brazil (1937-1945), the Austrian Standestaat (1933-1938), and authoritarian experiments in Estonia, Romania, and some other countries of East and East-Central Europe,
- ^ Background and Precursors to the Holocaust, p. 14
- ^ Background and Precursors to the Holocaust, p. 21
- ^ Background and Precursors to the Holocaust, p. 25
- ^
Volovici, Leon (1991). Nationalist Ideology and Antisemitism: The Case of Romanian Intellectuals in the 1930s. Pergamon Press. ISBN 0-08-041024-3.
- ^ Background and Precursors to the Holocaust, p. 23
- ^ Background and Precursors to the Holocaust, p. 22
- ^ F.L. Carsten, The Rise of Fascism, Methuen & Co, 1974, pp. 183-184
- ^ a b c Background and Precursors to the Holocaust, p. 26
- ^ Stanley G. Payne, A History of Fascism: 1914-1945, London: Routledge, 2001, p. 136
- ^ Michael Mann, Fascists, Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 283
- ^ Mann, Fascists, p. 265
- ^ Itamar Levin, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001, His Majesty's Enemies: Great Britain's War Against Holocaust Victims and Survivors, p. 46
External links
- 'Background and Precursors to the Holocaust' Archived 2007-06-30 at the Wayback Machine