Northeastern Neo-Aramaic
Northeastern Neo-Aramaic | |
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NENA | |
Geographic distribution | Traditionally spoken northeast to the plain of Aramaic
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Subdivisions |
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Glottolog | nort3241 |
Northeastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) is a grouping of related dialects of
The other branches of Neo-Aramaic are
Influences
The NENA languages contain a large number of loanwords and some grammatical features from the extinct
. These languages are spoken by both Jews and Christian Assyrians from the area. Each variety of NENA is clearly Jewish or Assyrian.However, not all varieties of one or other religious groups are intelligible with all others of the group. Likewise, in some places Jews and Assyrian Christians from the same locale speak mutually unintelligible varieties of Aramaic, where in other places their language is quite similar. The differences can be explained by the fact that NENA communities gradually became isolated into small groups spread over a wide area, and some had to be highly mobile due to various ethnic and religious persecutions.
The influence of classical Aramaic varieties –
Grouping
and purple represents both spoken in the same town.- Suret (Assyrian Neo-Aramaic) [aii], 235,000 speakers (1994)[5]
- Suret (Chaldean Neo-Aramaic) [cld], 216,000 speakers (1994)
- Judeo-Aramaic languages, spoken by Jewish communities in Israel
- Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Barzani [bjf] (Israel), extinct
- Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic [huy], 10,000 speakers (1990s)
- Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho [lsd] 7,500 speakers (1990s)
- Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Urmia [trg], 4,500 speakers (2000)
- Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic [aij], 2,200 speakers (1990s)
- Neo-Aramaic dialect of Bohtan [bhn] (Georgia), 1,000 speakers (1990s)
- Neo-Aramaic dialect of Hertevin [hrt] (Turkey), 1,000 speakers (1990s)
- Koy Sanjaq Christian Neo-Aramaic [kqd] (Iraq), 900 speakers (1990s)
- Christian Neo-Aramaic dialect of Senaya [syn] (Iran), 460 speakers (1990s)
List of dialects
Below is a full list of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic dialects from the North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Database Project (as of 2023):[6]
References
- ^ .
- ^ Bird, Isabella, Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan, including a summer in the Upper Karun region and a visit to the Nestorian rayahs, London: J. Murray, 1891, vol. ii, pp. 282 and 306
- JSTOR 25608409.
- ISBN 1-55540-430-8.
- ^ "Redirected". 19 November 2019.
- ^ Khan, Geoffrey. "Dialects". The North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Database Project. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
Sources
- Coghill, Eleanor. "Some notable features in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic dialects of Iraq". Neo-Aramaic Dialect Studies. Gorgias Press. pp. 91–104. ISBN 978-1-4632-1161-5.
- Fox, Samuel Ethan (1994). "The Relationships of the Eastern Neo-Aramaic Dialects". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 114 (2): 154–162. JSTOR 605827.
- Fox, Samuel Ethan (2008). "North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic and the Middle Aramaic Dialects". Neo-Aramaic Dialect Studies. Gorgias Press. pp. 1–18. ISBN 978-1-4632-1161-5.
- Gutman, Ariel (2018). Attributive constructions in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic. Language Science Press. ISBN 978-3-96110-081-1.
- Khan, Geoffrey (2007). "Grammatical borrowing in North-eastern Neo-Aramaic". Empirical Approaches to Language Typology [EALT]. Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 197–214. ISBN 978-3-11-019919-2.
- Khan, Geoffrey (2012). "North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic". The Semitic Languages: An International Handbook. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 708–724. ISBN 978-3-11-025158-6.
- Khan, Geoffrey; Napiorkowska, Lidia, eds. (2015). Neo-Aramaic in Its Linguistic Context. Gorgias Press. ISBN 978-1-4632-0410-5.
- Khan, Geoffrey (2018). "Remarks on the Historical Development and Syntax of the Copula in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Dialects". Aramaic Studies. 16 (2): 234–269. S2CID 195503300.
- Khan, Geoffrey (2020). "The Perfect in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic". Perfects in Indo-European Languages and Beyond. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 978-90-272-6090-1.
- Khan, Geoffrey; Noorlander, Paul, eds. (2021). Studies in the Grammar and Lexicon of Neo-Aramaic. Semitic Languages and Cultures. Vol. 5. Open Book Publishers. S2CID 231785174.
- Ragagnin, Elisabetta (2020). "Some Notes on Turkic and Mongolic Elements in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Varieties". Eine hundertblättrige Tulpe - Bir ṣadbarg lāla. De Gruyter. pp. 361–371. ISBN 978-3-11-220924-0.
- Mutzafi, Hezy (2005). "Etymological Notes on North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic". Aramaic Studies. 3 (1): 83–107. .
- Mutzafi, Hezy (2006). "On the Etymology of Some Enigmatic Words in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic". Aramaic Studies. 4 (1): 83–99. .
- Mutzafi, Hezy (2018). "Folk Etymology in the North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Dialects". Aramaic Studies. 16 (2): 215–233. S2CID 195509710.
External links
- The North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Database Project by Geoffrey Khan et al. (University of Cambridge)