Pinus peuce

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Pinus peuce
Trees in native environment,
Rila Mountains
, Bulgaria.

Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus
Subgenus:
P. subg. Strobus
Section:
P. sect. Quinquefoliae
Subsection:
P. subsect. Strobus
Species:
P. peuce
Binomial name
Pinus peuce
Griseb.
Distribution range of Pinus peuce

Pinus peuce (Macedonian pine[2] or Balkan pine[3]) (Serbo-Croatian and Macedonian: молика, molika; Bulgarian: бяла мура, byala mura) is a species of pine native to the mountains of North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Albania, Montenegro, Kosovo, the extreme southwest of Serbia, and the extreme north of Greece,[4][5][6] growing typically at (600-) 1,000-2,200 (-2,300) m altitude. It often reaches the alpine tree line in this area. The mature size is up to 35–40 m height, and 1.5 m trunk diameter.[4][5] However, the height of the tree diminishes strongly near the upper tree line and may even obtain shrub sizes.[7]

It is a member of the

Strobus, and like all members of that group, the leaves ('needles') are in fascicles (bundles) of five, with a deciduous sheath. They are 6–11 cm long. Its pine cones are mostly 8–16 cm long, occasionally up to 20 cm long, green at first, becoming yellow-brown when mature, with broad, flat to downcurved scales. The 6–7 mm long seeds have a 2 cm wing and can be wind-dispersed, but are also very often dispersed by spotted nutcrackers.[4][5]

Use

Macedonian pine is one of the most valuable

pectoral, skin and stomach diseases, varicose veins and other illnesses.[7]

Macedonian pine is also a popular ornamental tree in parks and large gardens, giving reliable steady though not fast growth on a wide range of sites. It is very tolerant of severe winter cold, hardy down to at least -45 °C, and also of wind exposure. It is locally naturalised in Punkaharju in eastern Finland.[5]

Like other European and

eastern white pine inherit some resistance.[9]

Other

Synonyms include Pinus cembra var. fruticosa Griseb.,[10] Pinus excelsa var. peuce (Griseb.) Beissn.,[11] Pinus peuce var. vermiculata Christ,[9] and Balkan pine.[12]

  • Cultivated specimen, Berlin Botanical Gardens
    Cultivated specimen, Berlin Botanical Gardens
  • Foliage and cones
    Foliage and cones
  • Young female cone
    Young female cone

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T34193A95751594.en
    . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ISBN 9780881924046
    , page. 282
  4. ^
    ISBN 90-04-13916-8
    .
  5. ^ a b c d Gymnosperm Database Pinus peuce
  6. ^ Critchfield, W. B., & Little, E. L. (1966). Geographic distribution of the pines of the World. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Forest Service Misc. Publ. 991.
  7. ^ a b Alexandrov, A. & Andonovski, V. (2011), Macedonian pine - Pinus peuce: Technical guidelines for genetic conservation and use (PDF), European Forest Genetic Resources Programme, p. 6 pp
  8. ^ Søegaard, B. (1972). Relative blister rust resistance of native and introduced white pines in Europe. Pages 233–239 in Bingham, R. T. et al., eds. Biology of Rust Resistance in Forest Trees. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Forest Service Misc. Publ. 1221.
  9. ^ a b c Popnikola, N., M. Jovancevic, and M. Vidakovic. 1978. Genetics of Pinus peuce Gris. Annales Forestales 7/6: 187-206.
  10. ^ "Pinus peuce". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  11. ISBN 1-900347-54-7
    .
  12. ISBN 978-0-88192-404-6
    , page. 282

External links

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