Plant epithet
A plant epithet is a name used to label a person or group, by association with some perceived quality of a
Vegetable insults
Plant epithets may be
Flower and tree names
In contrast to vegetable epithets, flower and tree names are generally positive. "English rose" has traditionally been used to describe an attractive English woman with a fair complexion. An early documented usage is in Basil Hood's 1902 comic opera Merrie England,[11] while in modern times, the actress Gemma Arterton has been so described.[1]
Flower and tree names are used in many countries for girls; examples in English include
Plant surnames
People acquired plant surnames in the
Plant or Plante itself may be a metonym (gardener), as with Plantebene (a grower of beans, 1199) and Planterose (a grower of roses, 1221), a metaphor meaning a branch of a family, or a toponym, as with de la Plaunt (1273) and de Plantes (1275, 1282), from a place in France such as le Plantis (Orne), or from a planted place such as a vineyard or orchard.[18][19][20]
Toponymic surnames include Oak, with variants such as Oake, Oke, Oakes, Noke and Roke since 1273,[21][22] Ash, with variations such as Ashe, Asche, Aish, Esch and Nash since 1221,[23][24] and Birch or Birchwood, since 1182.[25] Hazel is recorded in many toponymic surnames (sometimes via villages named for the tree), including Hazel itself from 1182, Hazelwood/Aizlewood, Hazelton, Hazelhurst, Hazelgrove, Hazelden and Heseltine.[26] Surnames such as Hollies and Hollin(g)s, since 1275, mean a person who lived by a holly or holm oak tree.[27] Surnames such as Plumtree, Plumpton, and Plumstead denote people who lived in places by a plum tree or orchard.[28][29] Similarly, Appleby, Appleton, Applegarth and Appleyard name people who lived by an apple orchard, or in villages in Cheshire, Cumbria, Kent and Yorkshire which were named for their apple orchards.[30] Surnames including Apps, Asp, Epps and Hesp record that a person lived by an aspen tree, the letters often being swapped over.[31]
A third source of plant names is their use as
Plant surnames are found in other languages. For example, in
In France, the surnames Laplante (the plant) and Levigne (the vine) denote the owner of a vineyard, or may be toponymic.[38][39] Tree names also occur in France, where for example the surname Chene (oak) is not uncommon in Loire-Atlantique and Maine-et-Loire.[40]
See also
Notes
References
- ^ a b "Gemma Arterton, an English Rose at Cannes". www.celebrityredcarpet.co.uk/. Retrieved 29 July 2014.
Amongst ~45.3k results for "English rose" "Gemma Arterton"
- ^ a b Dunlop, Fuchsia. "You turnip! Vegetable insults around the world". Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ISBN 1-85227-699-1.
- Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ISBN 978-0-674-21981-6.
- ^ Raycraft, Molly (29 October 2022). "Lettuce Liz Hacked by Mad Vlad (print version), Lettuce Liz Truss had phone hacked by Putin's spies leaving world on veg of crisis (web version)". Daily Star.
[Subtitle:] It's beyond be-leaf but Vladimir Putin's spies hacked wet lettuce's phone during the Tory leadership campaign for Russia to gain access to sensitive security information, according to sources
- ^ Renna (3 July 2007). "Iceberg Lettuce". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
- ^ Anon (11 October 2022). "The Iceberg Lady: Liz Truss has made Britain a riskier bet for bond investors". The Economist. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
Take away the ten days of mourning after the death of Queen Elizabeth II, and she had seven days in control. That is roughly the shelf-life of a lettuce.
- ^ Victor, Daniel (19 October 2022). "The Lettuce Outlasts Liz Truss". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ^ Maher, Bron (20 October 2022). "Daily Star lettuce: Editor says 'we're 'not anti-Tory, we're anti-idiot'". Press Gazette. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ISBN 978-0-550-10245-4.
- ^ "Flower Names for Girls and Boys". Archived from the original on 10 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ "Girl Flower Names". Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ "May Names". British Baby Names. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ "Laurel". Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 343.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 330.
- ISBN 978-0-19-967776-4.
- ^ "Last Name: Plant". The Internet Surname Database.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 354.
- ^ "Last name: Oak". The Internet Surname Database. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 327.
- ^ "Last Name: Ash". The Internet Surname Database. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 15.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 45.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, pp. 223–224.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, pp. 235–236.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 355.
- ^ Mills 1993, p. 260.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, pp. 12–13.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 13.
- ^ Reaney & Wilson 1997, p. 383.
- ISSN 0141-6340.
- ISBN 1-85109-358-3.
- ^ "Efternamn, topp 100 (2015)" (in Swedish). Statistiska centralbyrån (Statistics Sweden). 22 February 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Bergman, Gösta (1988). Kortfattad svensk språkhistoria (in Swedish). Prisma. pp. 217–.
- ^ Högman, Hans (23 February 2016). "Svenskt namnskick i gångna tider". Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ "Patronyme Laplante : Nom de famille" (in French). Genealogie.com. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ "Patronyme Levigne : Nom de famille" (in French). Genealogie.com. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ "Tout savoir sur le nom Chene". Genealogie.com. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
Sources
- Mills, A. D. (1993). A Dictionary of English Place-Names. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-192-83131-3.
- Reaney, P. H.; Wilson, R. M. (1997). A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-198-60092-5.