Portal:Spain/Selected article

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Selected article 1

Portal:Spain/Selected article/1

Madrid Barajas International Airport
Madrid Barajas International Airport

Iberia Airlines accounts for 60% of the airport's traffic. Terminal four was designed by Richard Rogers, and became a part of the airport on February 5, 2006; it has since become one of the largest airports in the world, covering an area of 760,000 square feet. The terminal won its designers awards for the construction, including the Structural Awards and the Stirling Prize
.

One the morning of 30 December 2006 an explosion occurred in the carpark building module D, which is attached to terminal 4. The incident was first recorded at 08:34 (

GMT
) by employee Samantha Graham. Prior to this, a bomb threat was received, so police had been able to evacuate part of the airport.

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Selected article 2

Portal:Spain/Selected article/2

A selection of the trees from the plantation.
A selection of the trees from the plantation.

The

Franz Joseph
, who visited the plantation in 1894.

It is thought that palms were originally planted in this location as early as the 5th century BC by

Abd ar-Rahman I and remains in use. The formal landscape of the palmeral that still exists today was created when the city was under Moorish control in the 10th century. Although the area has an annual rainfall of only 300 mm, the palm trees planted along a network of irrigation canals from the salty River Vinalopó creates a patchwork of agricultral plots (huertos), each demarcated and shaded by the palm trees to create a protected microclimate. Laws were passed to protect the plantation after the Reconquista
.

Selected article 3

Portal:Spain/Selected article/3

Coat of Arms of Spain
Coat of Arms of Spain

The

Spanish Parliament
.

A seven-member panel was selected among the elected members of the Cortes to work on a draft of the Constitution to be submitted to the body. These came to be known, as the media put it, as the padres de la Constitución or "fathers of the Constitution". These seven people were chosen to represent the wide (and often, deeply divided) political spectrum within the Spanish Parliament, while the leading role was given to then ruling party and now defunct Unión de Centro Democrático. Writing the preamble of the constitution was considered an honour, and a task requiring great literary ability. The person chosen for this purpose was Enrique Tierno Galván. As well as this, the constitution recognises the existence of nationalities and regions.

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Selected article 4

Portal:Spain/Selected article/4

A bonfire
A bonfire

The

Bonfires of Saint John is a popular festival celebrated between June 19 and June 24 in Spain. The festival is considered the most important in the city of Alicante, but is celebrated in several other cities and towns across Spain. The festival consists of people gathering wood and other objects to burn on a bonfire
, often sharing hot chocolates while teenagers jump over the small fires.

Before

fundraise
and host the other events throughout the year. A member of a commission is called a foguerer. A commission usually represents one area, a place or an avenue in the city, but there are many areas with numerous commissions. (For example, Carolinas has five commissions: Carolinas Altas, Carolinas Bajas, Foguerer-Carolinas, Doctor Bergez-Carolinas and Bola de Oro.) In Alicante there are 86 commissions.

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Selected article 5

Portal:Spain/Selected article/5

Bullfighting
Bullfighting

Bullfighting or tauromachy (Spanish: toreo, corrida de toros or tauromaquia; Portuguese tourada, corrida de touros or tauromaquia) is a traditional spectacle of Spain, Portugal, some cities in southern France, and several Latin American countries. Its origin is unknown, though it has been suggested that it was originally brought to Spain by the Visigoths. A link to the old culture of Crete has also been proposed.

The tradition, as it is practiced today, involves professional performers (in Spanish toreros or

Ribatejo campinos (bull headers). Bullfighting generates heated controversy in many areas of the world, including Spain, where the "classic" bullfighting was born. Supporters of bullfighting argue that it is a culturally important tradition, while animal rights groups argue that it is a blood sport
because of the suffering of the bull and horses during the bullfight.

Selected article 6

Portal:Spain/Selected article/6

The museum
The museum

Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía is the official name of Spain's national museum of 20th century art. The museum is commonly referred to as Museo Reina Sofía, Queen Sofia Museum, or The Sofia. The museum was inaugurated on 10 September 1992 and is named after Queen Sofia of Spain. The museum is located in Madrid at the southern area of the 'Golden Triangle of Art'.

The museum focuses mainly on Spanish art. Highlights of the museum include excellent collections of Spain's two greatest 20th century masters,

cubist still lifes by Georges Braque and a large work by Francis Bacon
.

Selected article 7

Portal:Spain/Selected article/7

The Flag of Spain
The Flag of Spain

The

Spanish Constitution of 1978, is divided into three horizontal stripes: red, yellow and red, the yellow stripe being twice the size of each red stripe. The state and war flags and ensigns must be charged with the Spanish coat of arms
, while the civil flag and ensign leaves the inclusion of the coat of arms as optional. The coat of arms must be placed at one third the flag's length towards the hoist, and the height of the coat of arms should measure two fifths of the flag's width (i.e. hoist).

The current coat of arms was adopted on December 19, 1981, when it replaced the model of 1977 which, in turn, replaced the model of 1945, considered the official coat of arms of Francoist Spain. The coat of arms was the only changing element in those years. The colours previously defined in the constitution were amarillo (yellow) and rojo (red). Traditionally, the middle stripe was defined by the more archaic terms amarillo gualda (

Carlos III of Spain
.

Selected article 8

Portal:Spain/Selected article/8

The Tower of Hercules
The Tower of Hercules

The

Mars
. The tower has been in constant use since the 2nd century. Originally it was constructed with an ascending ramp encircling its sides, for oxen to bring cartloads of wood to keep the light fueled at night.

According to Gaelic legend embodied in the 11th-century compilation Lebor Gabala Erren— the "Book of Invasions"— King Breogán, the founding father of the Galician Celtic nation, constructed here a massive tower of such a grand height that his sons could see a distant green shore from its top. The glimpse of that distant green land lured them to sail north to Ireland. A colossal statue of Breogán has been erected near the Tower.

Selected article 9

Portal:Spain/Selected article/9

A statue in the lobby of the library.
A statue in the lobby of the library.

The Biblioteca Nacional de España ('The National Library of Spain') is a major public library, the largest in Spain. It is located in Madrid near the Paseo de Recoletos. Founded in 1711, the Library was originally The Royal Public Library of King Philip V. It housed some 60,000 books by 1752, by which time it had become a legal deposit library. The Library continued to grow, and had significant royal patronage throughout the 18th century. By 1836 it had been renamed as The National Library of Spain ('Biblioteca Nacional de España'), and by 1850 it housed some 200,000 items. In 1896 the Library moved to the current location in center Madrid. The Madrid premises are shared with the

National Archaeological Museum
.

Its current catalog is called the Bibliografía Española. It indexes some 6,000,000 books and journals, 25,000 manuscripts, and 240,000 rare books. In addition to books, maps and manuscripts, it holds collections of visual material such as drawings, posters, and photographs.

Selected article 10

Portal:Spain/Selected article/10

The Moat of the Royal Wall of Ceuta.
The Moat of the Royal Wall of Ceuta.

Jebel Musa
.

Ceuta's strategic location has made it the crucial waypoint of many cultures' trade and military ventures — beginning with the

Berber general Tariq ibn Ziyad, Ceuta was used as a prime staging ground for an assault on Visigothic Hispania
soon after.

Selected article 11

Portal:Spain/Selected article/11 Rockdelux is a popular music magazine published monthly in Spain. Rockdelux was first published in November 1984, and since then has accumulated over 200 editions, celebrating its 200th in October 2002, when it released a list of the 200 greatest international albums of all time, according to the magazine's staff. Rockdelux's brief is to serve a specific section of the public who are passionate about music, and its focus has been to concentrate on new and more alternative artists from both Spain and the outside world (termed "international").

It has an extensive review section, covering mainly new musical releases and re-releases, but also covers other music-related subjects such as live concerts and videos and features reviews of new books and graphic novels. Unlike many other review sections in popular magazines, it eschews the trend of giving a numerical value to each review, which are purely composed of written text summing up the release's values. During its tenure within the industry, Rockdelux has been the recipient of various awards for music publication of the year from such organisations as Radio 3, Cadena SER and Iberpop amongst others.

Selected article 12

Portal:Spain/Selected article/12

A Tenerife Tram
A Tenerife Tram

La Laguna
.

A

Cabildo of Tenerife took control of the operating company due to economic problems. The tram car lines remained functional until 1951, when, due to a series of problems and accidents, and increased competition with the car and bus
(on Tenerife, buses are called guaguas), the service was discontinued.

Selected article 13

Portal:Spain/Selected article/13

A plane similar to the flight that crashed.
A plane similar to the flight that crashed.

Barcelona
and this was planned as BY226A's alternate. The weather prior to the landing approach was reported as:

Surface wind 350/6 kt, visibility 4 km, thunderstorm with heavy rain, cloud 3-4 octas at 1,500 feet, 1-2 octas cumulonimbus at 3,000 feet, 5-7 octas at 4,000 feet, temperature 20°C/ dewpoint 20°C, QNH 1010 mb, remarks recent rain.

The crew initially executed the

ILS
(Instrument Landing System) approach to runway 20. The aircraft descended below cloud and became visual with the runway at around 500 feet above ground level. At a late stage in the final approach, the airfield lighting failed for a few seconds. The aircraft touched down hard, bounced, and made a second heavier touchdown causing substantial damage to the nosewheel and its supports. This caused further damage to the aircraft systems, including loss of electrical power, interference with controls and an uncommanded increase in thrust.

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Selected article 14

Portal:Spain/Selected article/14

The sunken Reina Mercedes off Santiago de Cuba in 1898.
The sunken Reina Mercedes off Santiago de Cuba in 1898.

The

Santiago, Cuba, although her boilers and engines were in very poor shape and much of her armament had been removed to be used from shore batteries. After an attempt to use her to block the channel was discovered, she was sunk by the USS Massachusetts and USS Texas
.

Raised after the war, she was towed to Newport, Rhode Island where she served as a receiving ship. After a refit in 1912, she was transferred to Annapolis, Maryland to serve as a station ship, replacing the USS Hartford. Until 1940, one of the Reina Mercedes' roles was as a brig for the Naval Academy---cadets undergoing punishment were required to spend all time not in classes or at drills aboard the ship, sleeping in hammocks at night, for periods of up to two months. This practice was discontinued in 1940, to be replaced with confinement to rooms in Bancroft Hall. Other roles filled by the Reina Mercedes included service as a berthing barge for enlisted personnel assigned to the Academy during World War II, a lookout and harbor control center. It was a common joke at the time to refer to the Reina Mercedes as the "fastest ship in the fleet", since she was tied "fast" to the seawall.

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Selected article 15

Portal:Spain/Selected article/15

A Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 with FIAT CR.32 of the Nationalist Air Force
A Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 with FIAT CR.32 of the Nationalist Air Force

The

Spain. It is one of the 3 branches of the Spanish Armed Forces
and has the mission of defending the sovereignty and independence of Spain, its territorial integrity and constitutional freedoms, basically in its air space. Although Spanish Military Aviation started with a balloon force in 1896, April 10, 1910 is the date when the Spanish military aviation was formally formed by means of a Royal Decree.

On November 5, 1913, during the war with Morocco, a Spanish expeditionary squadron became the first organized military air unit to see real combat during the first organized bombing in history. During this war, the Spanish Military Aviation was divided in two: The Spanish Republic Air Forces (Fuerzas Aéreas de la República Española-FARE), created by the republican government and the National Aviation (Aviación Nacional), created by the army in revolt. At first, the republican air forces had the control of the majority of the territory using the Soviet

Fascist Italy (Aviazione Legionaria
) changed this.

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Selected article 16

Portal:Spain/Selected article/16

The game of astronomical tables, from Libro de los juegos
The game of astronomical tables, from Libro de los juegos

The

tables games, and is an exemplary piece of the literary legacy of the Toledo School of Translators. (Full article...
)

Selected article 17

Portal:Spain/Selected article/17

Spanish Army M48 Patton tank

There have been

M60 Patton tanks. In 1994, Spain began negotiating with Germany to purchase the Leopard 2, procuring 108 Leopard 2A4s and building 219 Leopard 2Es
in Spain; these are still in use.

Selected article 24

Portal:Spain/Selected article/24

Madrid Barajas International Airport
Madrid Barajas International Airport

Iberia Airlines accounts for 60% of the airport's traffic. Terminal four was designed by Richard Rogers, and became a part of the airport on February 5, 2006; it has since become one of the largest airports in the world, covering an area of 760,000 square feet. The terminal won its designers awards for the construction, including the Structural Awards and the Stirling Prize
.

One the morning of 30 December 2006 an explosion occurred in the carpark building module D, which is attached to terminal 4. The incident was first recorded at 08:34 (

GMT
) by employee Samantha Graham. Prior to this, a bomb threat was received, so police had been able to evacuate part of the airport.

Read more...