1896

Date unknown

• The
  Pontifical University of Maynooth is established by decree of the Vatican
  .
• France establishes an administrative post in Abengourou, Ivory Coast.
• Devonport High School for Boys is founded (in Plymouth, UK)
• Blackpool Pleasure Beach, a popular English theme park (Britain's Biggest Tourist Attraction), is founded by Alderman William George Bean.
• A school of mines opens in Kimberley and will later form the core of the University of the Witwatersrand.
• Racing Club de Lyon, a football club in France, is officially founded and becomes a predecessor for Olympique Lyonnais.^{[citation needed]}
• The pharmaceutical and
  Hoffmann-La Roche is founded in Switzerland.^{[page needed}
  ]

• January 2 – Dziga Vertov, Russian filmmaker (d. 1954)
• January 4
  • Everett Dirksen, American politician (d. 1969)
  • André Masson, French artist (d. 1987)
• January 8
  • Arthur Ford, American psychic spiritual medium, clairaudient (d. 1971)
  • Clifton Sprague, American admiral (d. 1955)
• January 12 – Uberto De Morpurgo, Italian tennis player (d. 1961)^[12]
• January 14 – John Dos Passos, American author (d. 1970)^[13]
• January 20 – George Burns, American actor, comedian (d. 1996)
• January 21 – J. Carrol Naish, American character actor (d. 1973)
• January 23 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1985)^[14]
• January 26 – József Kiss, Austro-Hungarian fighter pilot (d. 1918)
• February 1 – Anastasio Somoza García, 21st President of Nicaragua (d. 1956)^{[citation needed]}
• February 2 – Ramón Franco, Spanish aviation pioneer (d. 1938)
• February 4 – Friedrich Hund, German physicist (d. 1997)
• February 18 – Li Linsi, Chinese educator and diplomat (d. 1970)
• February 19 – André Breton, French writer (d. 1966)^[15]
• February 25 – Heinrich Gontermann, German World War I fighter ace (d. 1917)
• February 28 – Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1965)
• February 29
  • Morarji Desai, 4th Prime Minister of India (d. 1995)
  • William A. Wellman, American motion picture director (d. 1975)

March–April

• March 1 – Dimitri Mitropoulos, Greek conductor, pianist and composer (d. 1960)
• March 13 – Field Eugene Kindley, American World War I fighter pilot (d. 1920)
• March 20 – Wop May, Canadian World War I pilot (d. 1952)
• March 22 – Joseph Schildkraut, Austrian-American actor (d. 1964)
• March 29 – Wilhelm Ackermann, German mathematician (d. 1962)
• April 13 – Ira C. Eaker, World War II United States Army Air Forces general (d. 1987)
• April 15
  • Gerhard Fieseler, German World War I flying ace, aerobatics champion, aircraft designer and manufacturer (d. 1987)
  • Nikolay Semyonov, Russian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• April 17 – Señor Wences, Spanish ventriloquist (d. 1999)
• April 21 – Geertruida Wijsmuller-Meijer, Dutch war hero, resistance fighter and humanitarian (d. 1978)
• April 26 – Ernst Udet, German World War I fighter ace, Nazi Luftwaffe official (d. 1941)
• April 27 – Rogers Hornsby, American baseball player (d. 1963)
• April 30 – Reverend Gary Davis, American musician (d. 1972)

May–June

• May 1
  • Mark W. Clark, American general (d. 1984)
  • J. Lawton Collins, American general (d. 1987)
• May 2 – Helen of Greece and Denmark, Queen Mother of Romania (d. 1982)
• May 3 – Karl Allmenröder, German World War I fighter pilot (d. 1917)
• Kaju Sugiura, Japanese admiral (d. 1945
  )
• May 19 – Jorge Alessandri, 27th President of Chile (d. 1986)
• May 23 – Andor Jaross, ethnic Hungarian politician (d. 1946)
• May 30 – Howard Hawks, American director (d. 1977)
• June 2 – Nubar Gulbenkian, Ottoman-born Armenian-British oil trader, socialite and intelligence operative (d. 1972)
• June 6
  • Henry Allingham, British World War I veteran, world's oldest man (d. 2009)
  • Italo Balbo, Italian Fascist leader, aviator (d. 1940)
• June 7
  • Robert S. Mulliken, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
  • Imre Nagy, 3-time prime minister of Hungary (d. 1958)
• June 19 – Wallis Simpson, American-born Duchess of Windsor (d. 1986)
• June 23 – Francisco Malabo Beosá, Equatoguinean royalty (d. 2001)
• June 29 – Boris Podolsky, Russian-American physicist (d. 1966)

July–August

• July 2 – Quirino Cristiani, Argentine animated film director (d. 1984)
• July 4 – Mao Dun, Chinese novelist, cultural critic, and Minister of Culture (d. 1981)^[16]
• July 5 – Thomas Playford IV, South Australian politician (d. 1981)
• July 16
  • Gertrude Welcker, German actress (d. 1988)
  • Trygve Lie, Norwegian politician, 1st United Nations Secretary General (d. 1968)
• July 17 – Dumitru Dămăceanu, Romanian general and politician (d. 1978)
• Patrick O'Boyle, American Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1987
  )
• July 19 – Stafford L. Warren, American physician and radiologist; inventor of the mammogram (d. 1981)
• August 7 – Ernesto Lecuona, Cuban pianist, composer (d. 1963)^[17]
• August 9
  • Erich Hückel, German physicist, physical chemist (d. 1980)
  • Léonide Massine, Russian ballet dancer, choreographer (d. 1979)
  • Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist (d. 1980)
• August 10 – Walter Lang, American film director (d. 1972)
• August 13 – Rudolf Schmundt, German general (d. 1944)
• August 14 – Albert Ball, British World War I fighter ace, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1917)
• August 15 – Gerty Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1957)
• August 18 – Jack Pickford, Canadian-born American actor, film director, and producer (d. 1933)
• Léon Theremin, Russian inventor (d. 1993
  )
• August 28 – Arthur Calwell, Australian politician (d. 1973)
• August 30 – Raymond Massey, Canadian-born American actor (d. 1983)

September–October

• September 1 – A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Indian religious leader, founder-acharya of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (d. 1977)
• September 4 – Antonin Artaud, French stage actor, director (d. 1948)^[18]
• September 10 – Adele Astaire, American dancer (d. 1981)
• September 14 – José Mojica, Mexican Franciscan friar, tenor and film actor (d. 1974)
• September 22 – Uri Zvi Greenberg, Israeli poet and journalist (d. 1981)^[19]
• September 24 – F. Scott Fitzgerald, American writer (d. 1940)^[20]
• September 25 – Sandro Pertini, President of Italy (d. 1990)
• September 30 – Jolie Gabor, Hungarian-American entrepreneur, jeweler and memoirist (d. 1997)
• October 1 – Abraham Sofaer, Burmese-born British actor (d. 1988)
• October 7 – Paulino Alcántara, Filipino-Spanish soccer player (d. 1964)
• October 12 – Eugenio Montale, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)^[21]
• October 14 – Bud Flanagan, British entertainer, comedian (d. 1968)
• October 22 – Earle Clements, American politician, governor of Kentucky (d. 1985)
• October 28 – Howard Hanson, American composer (d. 1981)^[22]
• October 30 – Ruth Gordon, American actress, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 1985)
• October 31 – Ethel Waters, American singer, actress (d. 1977)

November–December

• November 4
  • Carlos P. Garcia, 8th President of the Philippines (d. 1971)
  • Ian Wolfe, American actor (d. 1992)
• November 8 – Marie Prevost, Canadian-born American actress (d. 1937)
• November 10
  • Jimmy Dykes, American baseball player, manager (d. 1976)
  • Mary, Lady Heath, Irish aviator (d. 1939)
• November 13 – Nobusuke Kishi, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1987)
• November 14 – Mamie Eisenhower, First Lady of the United States (d. 1979)
• November 15 – Giovanni Ancillotto, Italian World War I flying ace (d. 1924)
• November 16
  • Oswald Mosley, leader of the British Union of Fascists (d. 1980)
  • Lawrence Tibbett, American opera singer, actor (d. 1960)
• November 17 – Lev Vygotsky, Russian psychologist (d. 1934)
• November 23 – Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovak communist politician (d. 1953)
• November 25
  • Virgil Thomson, American composer, critic (d. 1989)
  • Jessie Royce Landis, American actress (d. 1972)
  • Priscilla Dean, American actress (d. 1987)
  • Albertus Soegijapranata, Indonesian Jesuit priest (d. 1963)
• November 26 – Manuel A. Odría, 79th President of Peru (d. 1974)
• November 28 – Lilia Skala, Austrian-American actress (d. 1994)
• Georgi Zhukov, Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (d. 1974
  )
• December 2 – Alfons Tracki, German-Albanian priest (martyred 1946)
• December 5 – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1984)
• December 6 – Ira Gershwin, American lyricist (d. 1983)
• December 12 – Vasily Gordov, Soviet general (d. 1950)
• December 14 – Jimmy Doolittle, American aviation pioneer, World War II United States Army Air Forces general (d. 1993)
• December 15 – Miles Dempsey, British general (d. 1969)
• December 16 – Anna Anderson, pretender to the Russian throne (d. 1984)
• December 23 – Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa, Italian writer (d. 1957)^[23]
• December 27 –
  • Louis Bromfield, American writer (d. 1956)
  • Carl Zuckmayer, German writer, playwright (d. 1977)^[24]
• December 28 – Roger Sessions, American composer (d. 1985)
• December 29 – David Alfaro Siqueiros, Mexican muralist (d. 1974)^[25]

Deaths

January–June

• January 4 – Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German Old Catholic bishop (b. 1821)
• January 5 – Charlie Bassett, American sheriff (b. 1847)
• January 8 – Paul Verlaine, French lyric poet (b. 1844)^[26]
• January 15 – Mathew Brady, American photographer (b. 1822)
• January 18 – Charles Floquet, Prime Minister of France (b. 1828)
• January 20 – Prince Henry of Battenberg, Lombardy-born British royal, married to Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
• January 26 – James Edwin Campbell, American educator, school administrator, newspaper editor, poet, and essayist (b. 1867)^[27]
• February 7 – William Hayden English, American politician (b. 1822)
• February 25 – Joseph P. Fyffe, American admiral (b. 1832)
• March 30 – Charilaos Trikoupis, 7-time prime minister of Greece (b. 1832)
• April 9 – Gustav Koerner, German-American statesman (b. 1809)
• April 27 – Sir Henry Parkes, Australian politician, Premier of New South Wales (b. 1815)
• April 30 – Hamilton Disston, American industrialist and land developer (b. 1844)
• May 1 – Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia, King of Herat (b. 1831)
• May 7 – H. H. Holmes, American serial killer (executed) (b. 1861)
• Ahlstrom (b. 1827
  )
• May 13 – Nora Perry, American newspaper correspondent (b. 1831)
• Muhammad Al-Sabah, emir of Kuwait (b. 1831
  )
• May 18 – Daniel Pollen, 9th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1813)
• May 19 – Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria, father of Archduke Ferdinand (b. 1833)
• May 20 – Clara Schumann, German composer, pianist (b. 1819)
• May 24 – Luigi Federico Menabrea, Italian soldier, statesman (b. 1809)
• June 19 – Louis Brière de l'Isle, French general (b. 1827)

July–December

• July 1 – Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author (b. 1811)^[28]
• July 4 – Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, journalist (b. 1850)
• July 11 – Ernst Curtius, German historian (b. 1814)^[29]
• July 13 – August Kekulé, German chemist (b. 1829)
• July 16 – Edmond de Goncourt, French writer, co-founder of the Académie Goncourt (b. 1822)^[30]
• July 19 – Abraham H. Cannon, American Mormon apostle (b. 1859)
• August 10 – Otto Lilienthal, German aviation pioneer (b. 1848)
• August 12 – Sir Harry Burnett Lumsden, British army general (b. 1821)
• August 13 – Sir John Everett Millais, British Pre-Raphaelite painter (b. 1829)
• Bridget Driscoll, early British automobile fatality (b. c. 1851
  )
• August 18 – Richard Avenarius, German-Swiss philosopher (b. 1843)
• August 25 – Sultan Hamad bin Thuwaini of Zanzibar (b. 1857)
• September 18 – Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist (b. 1819)
• September 22 – Pavlos Kalligas, Greek jurist, politician (b. 1814)
• September 23 – Ivar Aasen, Norwegian philologist, lexicographer, playwright, and poet (b. 1813)^[31]
• September 24 – Louis Gerhard De Geer, 1st Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1818)
• October 3 – William Morris, English designer, poet and political activist (b. 1834)^[32]
• October 6 – Sir James Abbott, British army officer and colonial administrator in India (b. 1807)
• October 7 – Louis-Jules Trochu, French general and politician, 26th Prime Minister of France (b. 1815)
• October 8 – George du Maurier, French-born British cartoonist and writer (b. 1834)^[33]
• October 10 – Ferdinand von Mueller, German-born Australian botanist (b. 1825)
• October 11
  • Anton Bruckner, Austrian composer (b. 1824)
  • Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1829)
• October 12 – Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1817)
• October 19 – Emmy Rappe, Swedish nursing pioneer (b. 1835)
• October 21 – James Henry Greathead, British engineer and inventor (b. 1844)
• October 23 – Columbus Delano, American statesman (b. 1809)
• October 26 – Paul-Armand Challemel-Lacour, French statesman (b. 1827)
• October 30 – Carol Benesch, Silesian and Romanian architect (b. 1822)
• November – Margaret Eleanor Parker, English social activist; first president of the British Women's Temperance Association (b. 1827)
• November 12 – Joseph James Cheeseman, Liberian politician, 12th President of Liberia (b. 1843)
• November 16 – Josip Šokčević, Croatian viceroy (b. 1811)
• November 22 – George Washington Gale Ferris Jr., American inventor of the Ferris wheel (b. 1859)
• November 23 – Ichiyō Higuchi, Japanese poet and novelist (b. 1872)^[34]
• November 26
  • Benjamin Apthorp Gould, American astronomer (b. 1824)
  • Coventry Patmore, English poet (b. 1823)^[35]
• December 10 – Alfred Nobel, Swedish inventor of dynamite, creator of the Nobel Prize (b. 1833)^[36]
  • Jacob ben Moses Bachrach, noted Polish apologist of Rabbinic Judaism (b. 1824)
  • Sir Alexander Milne, 1st Baronet, British admiral of the fleet (b. 1806)
• December 30 – José Rizal, national hero of the Philippines (b. 1861)

References