Pound sign

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£
Pound sign
In UnicodeU+00A3 £ POUND SIGN (£)
Currency
CurrencyPound
Graphical variants
U+FFE1 FULLWIDTH POUND SIGN
Different from
Different fromU+20A4 LIRA SIGN
U+0023 # NUMBER SIGN
Category
The £ grapheme in a selection of fonts

The pound sign (£) is the symbol for the pound unit of sterling – the currency of the United Kingdom and its associated Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories and previously of Great Britain and of the Kingdom of England. The same symbol is used for other currencies called pound, such as the Egyptian and Syrian pounds. The sign may be drawn with one or two bars depending on personal preference, but the Bank of England has used the one-bar style exclusively on banknotes since 1975.

In the United States, "pound sign" refers to the symbol # (number sign). In Canada, "pound sign" can mean £ or #.

Origin

The symbol derives from the upper case

tower pound (equivalent to 350 grams) of sterling silver.[1][2] According to the Royal Mint Museum
:

It is not known for certain when the horizontal line or lines, which indicate an abbreviation,[a] first came to be drawn through the L. However, there is in the Bank of England Museum a cheque dated 7 January 1661 with a clearly discernible £ sign. By the time the Bank was founded in 1694 the £ sign was in common use.[3]

However, the simple letter L, in lower- or uppercase, was used to represent the pound in printed books and newspapers until well into the 19th century.[4] In the blackletter type used until the seventeenth century,[5] the letter L is rendered as .

Usage

When used for sterling, the pound sign is placed before the numerals (e.g., £12,000) and separated from the following digits by no space or only a

foreign exchange operations, the symbol is rarely used: the ISO 4217 currency code (e.g., GBP, EGP, etc.) is preferred.[b]

Other English variants

In Canadian English, the symbol £ is called the pound sign. The symbol # has several uses and is sometimes called the pound sign too, though it is most often known as the number sign.[9] (Telephone instructions for equipment manufactured in the United States often call # the pound key.)

In American English, the term "pound sign" usually refers to the symbol # (number sign), and the corresponding telephone key is called the "pound key".[10] (As in Canada, the # symbol has many other uses.)

Historic variants

Double bar style

Banknotes issued by the

computer fonts
do so with one bar, the two-bar style is not rare, as may be seen in the illustration above.

Other

Note the leading J of Jacquard

In the eighteenth-century Caslon metal fonts, the pound sign was identical to an italic uppercase J, rotated 180 degrees.[14][failed verification]

Currencies that use the pound sign

Former currencies

Use with computers

In the

type designer's choice as explained above; the key point is that the code is constant irrespective of the presentation chosen.[c]

The encoding of the £ symbol in position xA3 (16310) was first standardised by

ISO Latin-1 (an "extended ASCII") in 1985. Position xA3 was used by the Digital Equipment Corporation VT220 terminal, Mac OS Roman, Amstrad CPC, Amiga, and Acorn Archimedes
.

Many early computers (limited to a 7-bit, 128-position

Oric computers used x5F (ASCII: _). IBM's EBCDIC code page 037 uses xB1 for the £ while its code page 285 uses x5B. ICL's 1900-series mainframes used a six-bit (64-position character set) encoding for characters, loosely based on BS 4730, with the £ symbol represented as octal
23 (hex 13, dec 19).

Other uses

The logo of the UK Independence Party, a British political party, is based on the pound sign,[18] symbolising the party's opposition to adoption of the euro and to the European Union generally.

A symbol that appears to be a double-barred pound sign is used as the logo of the record label Parlophone. In fact this is a stylised version of a Fraktur L (), standing for Lindström (the firm's founder Carl Lindström).

The pound sign was used as an uppercase letter (the lowercase being ⟨ſ⟩, long s) to signify the sound [ʒ] in the early 1993–1995 version of the Turkmen Latin alphabet.[19]

See also

Notes

  1. scribal abbreviations
  2. ^ Prior to ISO 4217, abbreviations such as "stg" or "STG" were traditionally used to disambiguate sterling from other currencies that used the symbol.
  3. lira sign" is not widely used and was added due to both it and the pound sign being available on HP printers.[17]

References

  1. ^ Thomas Snelling (1762). A View of the Silver Coin and Coinage of England from the Norman Conquest to the Present Time. T. Snelling. p. ii. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  2. ^ "A brief history of the pound". The Dozenal Society of Great Britain. Archived from the original on 2020-11-12. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
  3. ^ "The Origins of £sd". The Royal Mint Museum. Archived from the original on 8 March 2020.
  4. ^ For example, Samuel Pepys (2 January 1660). "Diary of Samuel Pepys/1660/January". Archived from the original on 23 September 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2019. Then I went to Mr. Crew's and borrowed L10 of Mr. Andrewes for my own use, and so went to my office, where there was nothing to do.
  5. ^ Dowding, Geoffrey (1962). An introduction to the history of printing types; an illustrated summary of main stages in the development of type design from 1440 up to the present day: an aid to type face identification. Clerkenwell [London]: Wace. p. 5.
  6. ^ Hayes, Adam (22 April 2022). "Egyptian Pound (EGP) Definition". Investopedia. Archived from the original on 7 August 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  7. ^ "Alexandria City Center to undergo LE 370 million expansion". Daily News Egypt. 10 June 2008.
  8. ^ "Lebanon". CIA World Factbook 1990 - page 178. Central Intelligence Agency. 1 April 1990. Archived from the original on 2022-06-21. Retrieved 2022-06-21 – via en.wikisource.org.
  9. .
  10. from the original on 2010-07-21. Retrieved 2011-05-21.
  11. ^ a b "Withdrawn banknotes". Bank of England. Archived from the original on 15 January 2019. Retrieved 13 September 2019. ("£1 1st Series Treasury Issue" to "£5 Series B")
  12. ^ "Current banknotes". Bank of England. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  13. ^ a b "History of the use of the single crossbar pound sign on Bank of England's banknotes". Bank of England. Archived from the original on 25 March 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  14. ^ Howes, Justin (2000). "Caslon's punches and matrices" (PDF). Matrix. 20: 1–7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-07-13.
  15. ^ The Unicode Consortium (11 June 2015). "The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0 | Character Code Charts" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-06-13. Retrieved 2018-01-23.
  16. ^ The Unicode Consortium (26 August 2015). "The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0 | Character Code Charts" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2018-01-23.
  17. (PDF) from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2016-12-06. [...] Currency Symbols: U+20A0–U+20CF [...] Lira Sign. A separate currency sign U+20A4 LIRA SIGN is encoded for compatibility with the HP Roman-8 character set, which is still widely implemented in printers. In general, U+00A3 POUND SIGN may be used for both the various currencies known as pound (or punt) and the currencies known as lira. [...]
  18. ^ "UK Independence Party". Archived from the original on 24 August 2000. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
  19. ^ Clement, Victoria (2008). "Emblems of independence: script choice in post-Soviet Turkmenistan in the 1990s". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (192): 171–185.