President's Committee on Civil Rights

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President's Committee on Civil Rights
Civil rights
Summary
  • Establish a permanent Civil Rights Commission, Joint Congressional Committee on Civil Rights, and a Civil Rights Division in the Department of Justice
  • Develop federal protection from lynching
  • Establish a permanent fair employment practice commission
  • Abolish
    poll taxes
  • Other measures

The President's Committee on Civil Rights was a United States

civil rights in the country and propose measures to strengthen and protect them.[1][2] The committee submitted the report of its findings, entitled To Secure These Rights, to President Truman in December 1947,[3]
and Truman proposed comprehensive civil rights legislation to Congress, and ordered antidiscrimination and desegregation throughout the government and armed forces.

History

The committee was charged with examining the condition of

UN Charter from 1945 could also be used as a source of law to fight persistent racial discrimination in the US.[5]

On July 26, 1948, President Truman advanced the recommendations of the report by signing Executive Order 9980 and

armed services[1]. He also sent a special message to Congress on February 2, 1948, to implement the recommendations of the President's Committee on Civil Rights.[6]

The President's Committee on Civil Rights report also paved way for African-American diplomats to break into previously white-dominated positions. Under President Truman, Edward R. Dudley would become the first African American given an ambassadorship, in part due to the findings of race-relations from the committee. However, these moves were largely done due to a harming of foreign relations due to the United States' race problem. Even with the committee's findings, President Truman had trouble acting on his own research, due to domestic backlash.[7]

Membership

The committee was composed of 15 members:[8]

Publication

  • President's Committee on Civil Rights. To Secure These Rights: The Report of the President's Committee on Civil Rights. Washington: GPO, 1947.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Executive Orders Disposition Tables". National Archives. 2016-08-15. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
  2. ^ "Executive Order 9808—Establishing the President's Committee on Civil Rights | The American Presidency Project". www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
  3. ^ "Records of the President's Committee on Civil Rights Record Group 220 | Harry S. Truman". www.trumanlibrary.gov. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
  4. ^ President's Committee on Civil Rights. To Secure These Rights (2004).
  5. ^ Christopher N.J.Roberts. "William H. Fitzpatrick's Editorials on Human Rights (1949)". Quellen zur Geschichte der Menschenrechte. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
  6. ^ "Special Message to the Congress on Civil Rights, Public Papers of the Presidents, Harry S. Truman, 1945-1953" on February 2, 1948, from the Truman Presidential Museum & Library, retrieved January 21, 2006
  7. ^ Krenn, Michael. The History of United States Cultural Diplomacy, 1770 to Present Day. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017.
  8. ^ "Agency History, Records of the President's Committee on Civil Rights Record Group 220" from the Truman Presidential Museum & Library, retrieved January 23, 2006

Notes

  1. ^ "Executive Order 9980, Regulations Governing Fair Employment Practices Within the Federal Establishment," and "Executive Order 9981, Establishing the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services, Harry S Truman" from Federal Register, retrieved January 23, 2006. For more details on the desegregation of the armed forces see, "Truman Library: Desegregation of the Armed Forces Online Research File" from the Truman Presidential Museum & Library, retrieved May 4, 2010.

Further reading

External links
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