Royal Order of Cambodia
Royal Order of Cambodia | |
---|---|
French Protectorate of Cambodia) 1908 – present (as Royal Order of Cambodia) | |
Status | Currently constituted |
Sovereign | Norodom Sihamoni |
Grades |
|
Precedence | |
Next (higher) | Grand Order of National Merit |
Ribbon of the Order |
The Royal Order of Cambodia (
History
Colonialism
On 8 February 1864, the king founded the Royal Order of Cambodia as an order of merit with five degrees. After 1896, the French government and the kings of Cambodia each granted themselves the Order of Cambodia. The French president was rightly Grand Cross in the Royal Order of Cambodia. The order served to distinguish civilians and soldiers, subjects of the king or strangers, who had made themselves worthy. In 1896, the order was officially taken up in the French system of
For French appointments, the recipient had to be at least 29 years old and enter the Order first as a knight, to be promoted to a higher grade after a certain period. Only officers of the
The colonial and overseas orders were immediately contingent on the French orders and awarded on ministerial orders. Those awarded it not only had to pay for their own registration and qualifications, but also had to buy their own insignia.[2]
Post-colonial
In 1948 France ceased granting the order. Formally it remained a French colonial policy, but it was now only granted by the King of Cambodia. The order has since then been one of the
On September 1, 1950, the (colonial) French order-system was reformed. The
Grades
Since 1948
The five classes of appointment to the Order are, in descending order of precedence:
- Maha Sirivaddha (មហាសេរីវឌ្ឍន៍) or Knight Grand Cross
- Mahasena (មហាសេនា) or Knight Grand Officer
- Knight Commander
- Sena (សេនា) or Knight Officer
- Assarariddhi (អស្សឫទ្ធិ) or Knight or Chevalier
Prior to 1948
The five classes of appointment to the Order are, in descending order of precedence:
- Maha Sirivaddha (មហាសេរីវឌ្ឍន៍) or Knight Grand Cross
- Mahasena (មហាសេនា) or Knight Grand Officer
- Knight Commander
- Sena (សេនា) or Knight Officer
- Assarariddhi (អស្សឫទ្ធិ) or Knight or Chevalier
Members of all classes of the order are assigned positions in the order of precedence. The highest level of the Knight Grand Cross relates to refinement. Those honored in this way are raised to the personal, non-hereditary status of nobility and henceforth bear the title His or Her Excellence (H.E.). This is prefixed to the full name.[3][4]
Insignia
The medal of the order comes in many different forms, as a slightly elongated silver or gold star surmounted by a Cambodian crown and with an image of the king's crown and coat of arms in gold on a violet blue background and surrounded by a red circle. The reverse of the medal is left rough. To promote the order if it was awarded by the French, the Cambodian crown was replaced with a European one surmounted by a small cross, and in the early years the order was even awarded without any crown.
The central image on the star of the order is the same as the medal, though the crown is missing and the rays are usually smooth. The star is elongated, with the vertical rays longer than the horizontal rays. The regalia of Knights is in silver, whilst those of the higher grades are gold. The medal and star are equally for civilians and soldiers. The ribbon of the order was originally green with a red border, changing in 1899 to white with an orange border (in the same year the French government changed the colours of the ribbons of all five colonial orders), before reverting to the original black ribbon when it became a purely Cambodian order again.[citation needed]
Recipients
Year appointed | Class | Name |
---|---|---|
1884 | Knight | Charles Baret |
1884 | Knight | François Deuve |
1884 | Knight | Hypollite Herménégilde Tell |
1885 | Knight | Ernest Deuve |
1885 | Knight Grand Officer | Henri Rieunier |
1889 | Knight Grand Cross | Thành Thái |
1895 | Knight Officer | Nikolai Kolomeitsev |
1896 | Knight | Henri Mordacq |
1897 | Knight Grand Cross | Jean-Baptiste Billot |
1898 | Knight | André Michelin |
1901 | Knight | Léon Breton |
1901 | Knight Officer | Octave Denis Victor Guillonnet |
1901 | Knight Grand Cross | Pakubuwono X |
1905 | Knight Grand Cross | Sisavang Vong[5] |
1921 | Knight Grand Cross | Joseph Joffre |
1924 | Knight | Jean Desbois |
1929 | Knight Grand Cross | Jagatjit Singh |
1933 | Knight Grand Cross | Ibrahim of Johor |
1941 | Knight Grand Cross | Norodom Suramarit |
1954 | Knight Grand Cross | Bhumibol Adulyadej |
1956 | Knight Grand Cross | Josip Broz Tito |
1956 | Knight Grand Cross | Antonín Zápotocký |
1956 | Knight Grand Cross[6] | Ramon Magsaysay |
1959 | Knight Grand Cross | Savang Vatthana
|
1960 | Knight Grand Cross | Antonín Novotný |
1962 | Knight Grand Cross | Charles de Gaulle |
1962 | Knight Grand Cross | Putra of Perlis |
1965 | Knight Grand Cross | Kim Il Sung[7] |
1992 | Knight Grand Cross | Norodom Ranariddh |
2001 | Knight Grand Cross | Sok An |
2002 | Knight Grand Cross | Sirajuddin of Perlis |
2002 | Knight Grand Cross | Tuanku Tengku Fauziah |
2003 | Knight Grand Officer | Aun Pornmoniroth |
2004 | Knight Grand Cross | Norodom Sihamoni[8][9] |
2004 | Knight Grand Cross | Norodom Monineath |
2004 | Knight Grand Cross | Kim Jong Il[10] |
2005 | Knight Commander | Kazimierz Duchowski |
2006 | Knight Grand Cross | Norodom Arunrasmy |
2006 | Knight Grand Cross | John Sanderson |
2007 | Knight Grand Cross | Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum |
2007 | Knight Commander | Hor Nambora |
2008 | Knight Grand Officier | Bernard Krisher[11] |
2011 | Knight Grand Cross | Hor Namhong |
2013 | Knight Grand Cross | Kao Kim Hourn |
2014 | Knight Grand Cross | Frank Berman[12] |
2018 | Knight Grand Cross | Song Tao (diplomat) |
2020 | Knight Grand Cross | Oknha Na-Mey Ruy[13] |
2022 | Knight Grand Cross | Tengku Fauziah binti Almarhum Tengku Abdul Rashid
|
2023 | Knight Grand Cross | Björn Stenvers[14][15] |
2023 | Knight Grand Cross | Sambath Pol |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Emperor Akihito of Japan
|
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Marcel Alessandri |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Bảo Long |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Bảo Đại |
unknown | Knight Commander[16] | Maryse Bastié |
unknown | Knight | Henri Bellieni[17] |
unknown | Knight Commander | Gustave Besnard |
unknown | Knight Commander | Albert Besson |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Urban Jacob Rasmus Børresen[18] |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Sarin Chhak |
unknown | Knight Officer | Émile Duboc |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Hamengkubuwono VIII |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Hassan II of Morocco |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Emperor Hirohito of Japan
|
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Jean de Lattre de Tassigny[19] |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Leopold II of Belgium |
unknown | Knight | Jean-David Levitte |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Manuel Luis Quezon
|
unknown | Knight Officer | Auguste Lumière |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Raoul Magrin-Vernerey |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Hun Manet |
unknown | Knight | François Marjoulet |
unknown | Knight Grand Officer | Boun Oum |
unknown | Knight Officer | Marcel Ribière |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Willem Rooseboom |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Raoul Salan |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Yōhei Sasakawa |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Vong Savang |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Tea Banh |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Jean de Lattre de Tassigny[20] |
unknown | Knight Officer | Mardochée Valabrègue |
unknown | Knight Officer | François Zimeray |
unknown | Knight Grand Cross | Leopold III of Belgium |
References
- ^ "ODM of Cambodia: Royal Order of Cambodia". www.medals.org.uk.
- ^ Sylvester, J. The Orders and Medals of Cambodia and Laos, 1986: pp. 5-8.
- ISBN 9780473097998., pp.17-25.
- ^ Stair Sainty, G. World Orders of Knighthood and Merit, 2006: pp.953-954.
- ISBN 9781103374984. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ^ "Official Month in Review: February 1956". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. February 1, 1956. Archived from the original on August 25, 2020. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
The Prince presented the President with the Grand Croix de l'Ordre Royal du Cambodge.
- OCLC 300956682.
- ^ "BIOGRAPHY OF HIS MAJESTY KING NORODOM SIHAMONI OF CAMBODIA". Khmer Times. 13 May 2019. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
- ^ "King's Biography". Cambodia.gov.kh. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
- ISSN 0454-4072.
- ^ "Chutzpahdik philanthropist aids Cambodians". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 2008-07-06. Retrieved 2019-03-19.
- ^ Sir Frank Berman awarded the Royal Order of Cambodia. University of Oxford (21 April 2014). Retrieved on 30-12-2022.
- ^ May Ruoy Receives Royal Medal of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Ras Mei News (5 October 2020). Retrieved on 30-12-2022.
- ^ Deputy Prime Minister Chea Sophara for direction 2023 of Tbong Khmum Province. Ministry of Information Cambodian Government (23 March 2023). Retrieved on 24 March 2023.
- ^ Recognised with Cambodia's highest honour. Phnom Penh Post (28-3-2023). Retrieved on 28-3-2023.
- ^ Jacques Cheymol, Alain Fradet, ibid, p. 80.
- ^ Brigitte Caquelin. "Charles Henri GIMEL BELLIENI". Geneanet. Retrieved 28 June 2020..
- ^ Amundsen, Otto Delphin. 1947. Den Kongelige norske Sankt Olavs orden 1847-1947. Oslo: Grøndahl & Søn Forlag, p. 73.
- ^ FONDATION MARECHAL DE LATTRE. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
- ^ "Biographie de Jean de Lattre de Tassigny". National Order of Liberation. Retrieved 21 July 2019.