Rubin Design Bureau

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Rubin Design Bureau
United Shipbuilding Corporation
Websiteckb-rubin.ru

Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering (

Saint Petersburg is the largest of Russia's three main centers of submarine design, the other two being Malakhit Marine Engineering Bureau and Lazurit Central Design Bureau ("Lazurit" is the Russian word for lazurite). Rubin has designed more than two-thirds of the nuclear submarines in the Russian Navy. "Rubin" (Russian: Рубин) is the Russian word for ruby
.

History

Early history

On January 4, 1901 the Marine Ministry of Russia assigned the task of designing a combat submarine for the Russian Navy to three officers: Lieutenant M.N. Beklemishev, Lieutenant I.S. Goryunov and

I.G. Bubnov, an employee at the Ministry's Baltic Shipyard where the construction of the vessel was planned to take place. The men submitted their design to the Marine Ministry on May 3, 1901; it was approved the following July, and the Baltic Shipyard was then awarded the order for construction of Torpedo Boat No. 113 (later renamed combat submarine Dolphin
). Bubnov was appointed Head of the Construction Commission for Submarines. It was this Construction Commission that after multiple transformations and name changes became the Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering.

Dolphin

Construction of the

Nikolayev Marine Academy
.

Pre-World War II

In 1926 the Construction Commission for Submarines became Technical Bureau No. 4, and six years later was renamed the Central Design Bureau for Special (Military) Shipbuilding No. 2, headed by

B.M. Malinin. He designed submarines of the Dekabrist, Leninets, and Shchuka
classes. Another milestone of the era came in 1935, when Central Design Bureau engineer S.A. Bazilevskiy proposed an air-independent propulsion system which allowed engine operation based on the closed cycle REDO in both surface and submerged submarine conditions. Experiments on this cycle implementation were carried out on board submarines of Series XII M-92 (S-92, R-1).

More change came in 1937, when the Bureau was given the new name Central Design Bureau No. 18 (or TsKB-18), and furthermore became an independent economic organization directly subordinated to the Second Chief Department of People's Commissariat of Defence Industry.

World War II

By the beginning of

Gorkiy
.

Cold War

In 1947 TsKB-18 completed the development of Project 613 (designated the

People's Republic of China
, and the design was handed over to Chinese technicians.

P.P. Pustyntsev (ru:Пустынцев, Павел Петрович), who headed the Bureau from 1951 to 1974, created the design for Project 641 (NATO classification: Foxtrot), which began development in 1955. 75 units of this class were commissioned to the Navy in 1963. The same year the Hotel-class submarine, which had begun development in 1956 as Project 658, was redesigned to enable underwater launching of D-4 ballistic missiles. In 1965 the Lenin Prize was awarded for works related to the underwater launch of ballistic missiles.

In 1963 Project 667A (NATO classification: Yankee), a second-generation nuclear missile submarine, was developed. Joining the Soviet fleet in 1967, the Project 667A submarine became the first ship of the largest series of nuclear missile submarines (34 units). Later known as "nuclear missile submarine cruisers," improvements to the Yankee-class submarines would include the installation of longer-range and multiple-warhead missiles. The success of submarine Projects 667A and 667B (Delta-class submarines) would be rewarded with Lenin Prizes in 1970 and 1974, respectively. The Yankee-based ballistic missile submarine family comprises: Project 667A Yankee, Project 667B Delta I, Project 667BD Delta II, Project 667BDR Delta III, and Project 667BDRM Delta IV.

TsKB-18 was renamed Rubin in 1966. The Oscar-class submarine started development in 1971, and followed by the Typhoon class (Project 941) in 1976. In 1974 Igor Spassky succeeded Pustyntsev as head of the bureau and remained in the position until the 2000s (decade).

Sergey Kovalev
was director of the Rubin Design Bureau

Present day

Monument in TsKB "Rubin" with two notable projects of the bureau - "Dolphin" and "Akula" (Project 941) presented in the same scale
Remote-controlled UUV "Talisman"

Market economy

Since the advent of

Sakhalin Island in the Sea of Okhotsk and in the waters adjacent to South Korea
.

Another of the company's important projects of recent years is Sea Launch, a unique spacecraft launch technology. With marine components produced by Rubin,[6] Sea Launch uses a specially-modified floating oil platform positioned in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, as a launch pad. In 1999, shortly after the company was founded, the Sea Launch consortium claimed that their launch-related operating costs would be lower than a land-based equivalent due in part to reduced staff requirements. The platform and command ship have 310 crew members.[7]

Ocean Odyssey in its former home port at Long Beach, California

Rubin has also developed such exotic projects as a

pipeline transport
.

Other recent projects include a

Moscow-St. Petersburg Railway, and a design for a low-floor tram.[10]

As a joint project with the Italian shipbuilding company Fincantieri, Rubin is developing a new diesel air-independent propulsion submarine, the S1000, based on a new fuel cell air independent propulsion system developed in Italy. Its length is 56.2 m (184 ft 5 in) and its displacement is 1,000 tonnes. A mock-up was exhibited at Euronaval 2006.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Celebrates 115-Anniversary". ckb-rubin.ru. 22 December 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  2. ^ Error: Unable to display the reference properly. See the documentation for details.
  3. ^ "Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering (RUBIN)". World Technology Evaluation Center. 19 May 1993. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
  4. ^ "Энциклопедия кораблей/Корабли/Ракетные ПЛ/Россия/955 Борей". ship.bsu.by. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  5. ^ used
  6. ^ "ЦКБ МТ Рубин: Sea Launch". ckb-rubin.ru. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  7. ^ Wilson, Jim (August 1999). "Sea Launch". Popular Mechanics. 176 (8): 64–67.
  8. ^ Nuclear Underwater Gas Transfer Station
  9. ^ Sokol
  10. ^ ЦКБ МТ «Рубин» (in Russian)

External links

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