Rudolf Carl von Slatin
Major-General Rudolf Carl von Slatin CB | |
---|---|
Governor-General of Darfur | |
In office 1881 – 26 January 1885 | |
Personal details | |
Born | 7 June 1857 Ober Sankt Veit, Vienna, Austrian Empire |
Died | 4 October 1932 Vienna, Austria |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Austria-Hungary |
Major-General Rudolf Anton Carl
Early life
Rudolf Carl Slatin was born in
From Khartoum, Slatin went through
Slatin left Africa in order to serve his conscription order in the Austrian army.[7][11][12][13][14] On 25 September 1876 he joined his unit the 12. Feldjägerbatallon as recruit, and one year later, he was promoted to lieutenant in the reserves of the 19th Infantry Regiment of the Austro-Hungarian Army.[1][5][8]
In 1878, while Slatin was serving as a lieutenant in
Surrender of Dara
While administering Dara, Slatin conducted a successful campaign against one of the Darfur princes in revolt, and later, as governor of Darfur.
The Mahdists then captured
Escape from captivity
At length, after over eleven years captivity, he was able to escape,
Raised to the rank of Pasha by the
On the eve of his surrender to the Mahdi at Christmas 1883, he had resolved, if he regained his liberty, to use the knowledge he would acquire while in captivity for the eventual benefit of the country, and after a year's rest he took part, as an officer on the staff of the Egyptian army, in the campaigns of 1897–98 which ended in the capture of Omdurman.[15][17]
Further service
For his services in these campaigns, he was created an honorary Knight Commander of the
In 1906, he was ennobled by Franz Joseph I of Austria.[1][23] He was since styled "Freiherr von Slatin".[9][13] In 1907, he was made an honorary
His position as inspector-general of the Sudan terminated in 1914 due to the commencement of hostilities in World War I between Great Britain and Austria-Hungary.[1][15][24]
He then headed the prisoners-of-war section of the Austrian Red Cross.[1][11][13][14][23][27][28] He was awarded with the title Geheimrat by Franz Joseph I of Austria in December 1914.[6][8]: 274 [12][23][29]
He was involved in the plans of Charles I of Austria to get a separate peace with Great Britain and France.[8]: 281–284 [12][13]
Later life
He received absolution from the Pope for his conversion to Islam, which he had reversed.[5]
During the years he served the British Empire, he became acquainted with
He was also an honorary member of the Royal Geographical Society.[23]
In 1918, on behalf of the Austrian government led by
In 1919, he was a member of the Austrian delegation in St. Germain.[1][3][4][11][12][13][14] and was responsible for the repatriation of Prisoners of War.[8]: 295–298 [11][23][34]
In 1919, a Scout group of the Österreichischer Pfadfinderbund in Klosterneuburg was named Slatin Pascha.[30]: 57
In November 1918, after the war, Slatin moved to Switzerland. Every summer, with his daughter, he would visit his old Sudan comrades in England.[8]: 323
In November and December 1926, he visited the Sudan once again.[8]: 323
In June 1932, he and his daughter Anne Marie were guests of
Personal life
On 21 June 1914, Rudolf Carl von Slatin married Baroness
- Baroness Anne Marie von Slatin (1916–2007), who married Prince George Vladimirovitch Galitzine (1916–1992), son of Prince Vladimir Galitzine, in London in 1943.
He died on 4 October 1932,[17] during an operation for cancer in Vienna,[5][6][13][28] and was buried on 6 October in the cemetery of Ober St. Veit, a suburb of Vienna.[3] His funeral looked like a state funeral.[12] His grave is still there.[6]
Memory and legacy
In 1936, a drinking fountain was erected in Khartoum in his memory, but the bronze portrait plaque and dedication were removed in 1956 by the Sudanese government, after Sudan became independent.[13] A Commemorative plaque is placed on his former house in Khartoum.[36]
The Spitzvilla in Upper Austria near Traunkirchen is a memorial site for Rudolf Carl von Slatin. He bought it in 1897 and there entertained many grand persons of his epoch.
In 1967 the public-service German television channel ZDF produced a movie in two parts about Rudolf Carl von Slatin.[37] It was titled Slatin Pascha.[37] A documentary film about Slatin Pascha, Sudanese history and Sudan today was produced by Thomas Macho for the Austrian company Fischer Film in 2011.[38] [39][40] The film, entitled "Slatin Pasha-On Her Majesty’s Service" (German: Slatin Pascha-Im Namen ihrer Majestät) started in the Austrian Cinemas on 1 June 2012.[41][42][43]
At the Austrian
An Old Scouts Guild, affiliated with the Pfadfinder-Gilde Österreichs is named Slatin Pascha.[44][45][46] An Old Scout Group, belonging to the Österreichischer Pfadfinderbund in Vienna is named Slatin Pascha.[47][48] A Scout Group in Vienna, belonging the National Scout Organisation Pfadfinder Österreichs, was also named Slatin Pascha.[49]
In October 2011 a stamp was issued commemorating Slatin Pascha, Emmerich Teuber and the Viennese Scoutleader Kara Barteis.[50]
His captivity and escape inspired the comics creators Mino Milani and Sergio Toppi for a comic story with the title "L'Uomo del Nilo" (The man of the Nile) in a series with the title "Un uomo un'avventura" (A man, an adventure) by Sergio Bonelli Editore[51][52]
References
- ^ Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Archivedfrom the original on 11 June 2009. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ Großes Handlexikon in Farbe (in German). Gütersloh: Lexikon-Institut Bertelsmann. 1979. p. 983.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Generalleutnant Sir Rudolph Freiherr von Slatin Pascha". Der Kreis-Rundbrief an alte Pfadfinderfreunde und Förderer der Pfadfinderbewegung-Informationen des ÖPB-Archivs (in German). 7. Archiv des Österreichischer Pfadfinderbund und Georgs-Gilde Wien: 2. October 2011.
- ^ a b c d "Film: "Slatin Pascha" – ein Wiener in Darfur" (in German). Österreichisches Rotes Kreuz. 30 May 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Schwaner, Birgit (1 June 2007). "Der Abenteurer aus Ober St. Veit" (in German). Archived from the original on 9 September 2007. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Pircher, Astrid (2002). "Ein Österreicher im Sudan-Die Geschichte von Rudolph Karl Slatin, genannt Slatin Pascha" (PDF). Global View (in German) (2): 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 December 2008. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ a b c d e Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut. 1909. p. 538. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Gordon Brook-Shepherd (1972). Slatin Pascha-Ein abenteuerliches Leben (in German). Vienna-Munich-Zürich: Verlag Fritz Molden.
- ^ a b c M.G.K. (5 October 1932). "Slatin Pascha gestorben". Reichspost (in German). p. 7.
- ^ a b c d e f Dr. A. Berger (1924). Der heilige Nil. Mit 16 Bildern nach eigenen Aufnahmen des Verfassers (in German). Berlin: Wegweiser Verlag. Archived from the original on 20 May 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Pascha Sir Rudolf Anton Karl Slatin" (in German). Archived from the original on 7 February 2008. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Felix Steinwandtner (2002). "Er war ein General..." (in German). Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Karl Heinz Fasol. "Das abenteuerliche Leben des Rudolf Slatin (1857–1932)" (doc) (in German). Rotary Club Bochum-Hellweg. Retrieved 19 January 2008.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Erwin A.Schmidl. "Österreicher in Afrika" (in German). TRUPPENDIENST-Zeitschrift für Ausbildung, Führung und Einsatz im Österreichischen Bundesheer. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
- ^ a b c Christian Gastgeber. "Naher Osten: Einfluss und Wirkung des Habsburger" (in German). ORF ON Science. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
- ^ Salih, Tayeb. Season of Migration to the North, 1966 : "His father was from the Ababda, the tribe living between Egypt and the Sudan. It was they who helped Slatin Pasha escape when he was the prisoner of the Khalifa El-Ta'aishap." : p 54.
- ^ Pfadfinder Österreichs: 21–22.
- ^ "Panbuch-Österreichisch Sudanesische Gesellschaft" (PDF) (in German). Dachverband aller österreichisch-ausländischen Gesellschaften – PaN. pp. 62–63. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 July 2007. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ Roman Loimeier. "Edward Said und der deutschsprachige Orientalismus: Eine kritische Würdigung" (PDF) (in German). University of Vienna. p. 66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
- ^ "No. 26670". The London Gazette. 11 October 1895. p. 5585.
- ^ "No. 26799". The London Gazette. 1 December 1896. p. 7101.
- ^ "No. 27023". The London Gazette. 15 November 1898. p. 6689.
- ^ a b c d e f Ringhoffer, E. "Slatin" (in German). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2009.
- ^ a b Der Volks-Brockhaus (in German). Wiesbaden: F.A.Brockhaus. 1959. p. 734.
- ^ "No. 28058". The London Gazette. 10 September 1907. p. 6152.
- ^ "No. 28286". The London Gazette. 7 September 1909. p. 6745.
- ^ "Slatin, Rudolf Karl" (in German). Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ a b "Der "Gefangene des Mahdi" ist tot...-Freiherr von Slatin-Pascha in einem Wiener Sanatorium verstorben". Das kleine Blatt (in German). 5 October 1932. p. 6.
- ^ "Amtlicher Teil". Wiener Zeitung (in German). 19 December 1914. p. 1.
- ^ a b c Kurt Pribich (2004). Logbuch der Pfadfinderverbände in Österreich (in German). Vienna: Pfadfinder-Gilde-Österreichs.
- ^ "1.Präsident des Österreichischen Pfadfinderbundes Sektionschef a.D. Emilo Freiherr von Parisini". Jugend am Lagerfeuer-Bubenzeitschrift der Pfadfinder Österreichs (in German). 12/1960. Pfadfinder Österreichs: 238. December 1960.
- ^ "Kleine Nachrichten". Unser Weg-Ein Blatt für Österreichs Jugend (in German). 1/1929. Österreichischer Pfadfinderbund: 1. January 1929.
- ^ "Rudolf Slatin Pascha". Das kleine Blatt (in German). 7 June 1932. p. 6.
- ^ "Die Mitglieder der deutschösterreichischen Friedensabordnung". Neue Freie Presse (in German). 10 May 1919. p. 5.
- ^ Erich Sommerauer. "Die Entwicklung der Afrikanistik in Österreich-Rudolf Cral Freiherr von Slatin (Slatin Pascha)" (PDF) (in German). Geschichte der Afrikanistik in Österreich. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
- ^ Florian Gasser (1 February 2011). "Ein Wiener Hallodri im Sudan". Datum-Seiten der Zeit (in German). 2/2011. Archived from the original on 12 June 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2011.
- ^ a b "Slatin Pascha (1967)" (in German). IMDb. 19 May 1967. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
- ^ "FEUER UND SCHWERT IM SUDAN – SLATIN PASHA-Dokumentarfilm von THOMAS MACHO – 90 Min., A". www.fischerfilm.com (in German). Archived from the original on 21 January 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
- ^ "Filme in Vorbereitung: Feuer und Schwert im Sudan – Slatin Pascha" (in German). Österreichisches Filminstitut. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
- ^ Thomas Macho. "Slatin Pascha (1857–1932):Feuer und Schwert im Sudan-Eine Lebensgeschichte und ein Film" (PDF) (in German). Retrieved 29 December 2011.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Edmund Brandner (31 May 2012). "Slatin Pascha erobert die Kinoleinwand". Oberösterreichische Nachrichten (in German). Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
- ^ "Filminfo zu Slatin Pascha – Im Auftrag Ihrer Majestät" (in German). Skip-Das Kinomagazin. Archived from the original on 18 June 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
- ^ Isabella Reicher (1 June 2012). "Neu im Kino Spurensuche im Sudan". Der Standard (in German). Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2012.
- ^ "Distrikte-Wien" (in German). Pfadfinder-Gilde-Österreichs. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2008.
- ^ "Bericht über die Tätigkeiten der österreichischen Gilden 2001". Der Gildenweg (in German). Pfadfinder-Gilde Österreichs: 4. 2001.
- ^ "Bericht über die Tätigkeiten der österreichischen Gilden 2002". Der Gildenweg (in German). Pfadfinder-Gilde Österreichs: 2–3. 2002.
- ^ Hans Popotnig (1980). "Bundesverlautbarung Nr.180-Gruppen:Umschichtungen, Zusammenlegungen und Stillegungen". Unser Weg-Die Pfadfinderzeitung des ÖPB (in German). 4/1980. Österreichischer Pfadfinderbund: 15.
- ^ Bärbel Engelhart (2009). "FM Kurt Berger". Unser Weg-Die Pfadfinderzeitung des ÖPB (in German). 2/2009. Österreichischer Pfadfinderbund: 16.
- ^ Führer- und Mitarbeiterverzeichnis (in German). Vienna: Pfadfinder Österreichs. 1 July 1970. p. 45.
- ^ "1912 bis 2012: 100 Jahre Wiener Pfadfinderkorps im ÖPB". Der Gildenweg (in German). 3/2011: 3. October 2011.
- ^ "Un uomo un'avventura". Sergio Bonelli Editore. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
- ^ "Sergio Toppi". Lambiek Comiclopedia. Archived from the original on 10 January 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
- public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Slatin, Sir Rudolf Carl von". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
Further reading
- Gordon Brook-Shepherd, Between Two Flags: The Life of Baron Sir Rudolph von Slatin Pasha, G.C.V.O., K.C.M.G., C.B. (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1972)