Rufous-gaped hillstar
Rufous-gaped hillstar | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Clade: | Strisores |
Order: | Apodiformes |
Family: | Trochilidae |
Genus: | Urochroa |
Species: | U. bougueri
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Binomial name | |
Urochroa bougueri (Bourcier, 1851)
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The rufous-gaped hillstar (Urochroa bougueri), formerly included in the white-tailed hillstar, is a species of hummingbird in the "brilliants", tribe Heliantheini in subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Colombia and Ecuador.
Taxonomy
The rufous-gaped hillstar was
The rufous-gaped hillstar and what is now the
Description
The rufous-gaped hillstar is 13 to 14 cm (5.1 to 5.5 in) long including its approximately 3 cm (1.2 in) bill. It weighs 8.5 to 12.5 g (0.30 to 0.44 oz). The sexes are alike. They have a long, straight, black bill and coppery green upperparts. The English name comes from the rufous-cinnamon malar streak on the face. The throat and breast are iridescent blue and the belly dull gray. The central and outermost tail feathers are black and the rest white with dusky gray edges. Juveniles are similar to adults with the addition of buffy fringes on the head feathers.[9]
What is thought to be the rufous-gaped hillstar's song is "a continuous series of single 'swit' or 'tsit' notes". It also makes "a liquid 'twit', repeated in long sequences when alarmed."[9]
Distribution and habitat
The rufous-gaped hillstar is found on the Pacific slope of the Andes from Colombia's
Behavior
Feeding
The rufous-gaped hillstar usually forages in the lower and middle strata of the forest but occasionally in the canopy. Males defend feeding territories at stands of flowering vegetation. It takes nectar mostly from plants of genera Inga, Bomarea, Psammisia, and Cavendishia. In addition to feeding on nectar it captures small insects by hawking from a perch.[9]
Breeding
The rufous-gaped hillstar's breeding season in Colombia spans from December to March; it has not been documented in Ecuador. It builds a cup nest of moss and lichen on a vertical branch, typically 8 to 12 m (26 to 39 ft) high in a tall tree. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs for 16 to 18 days; fledging occurs 23 to 25 days after hatch.[9]
Status
The
References
- ^ . Retrieved 5 May 2022.
- ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
- ^ Bourcier, Jules (1851). "Note sur onze espèces nouvelles de Trochilidées". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences (in French). 32: 186–188 [186].
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 94.
- ^ Gould, John (1856). A Monograph of the Trochilidae, or Family of Humming-Birds. Vol. 2. London: self. Plate 57 and text. The 5 volumes were issued in 25 parts between 1849 and 1861. Title pages of all volumes bear the date of 1861.
- ^ Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2022). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 12.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 31 January 2022. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved February 1, 2022
- ^ a b c d e f g h Schuchmann, K.L., P. F. D. Boesman, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Rufous-gaped Hillstar (Urochroa bougueri), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.whthil2.01 retrieved 5 May 2022