Sakarya River

Coordinates: 41°07′35″N 30°38′56″E / 41.1264°N 30.6489°E / 41.1264; 30.6489
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This article is about the river in Turkey. For the river in Gujarat, India, see Chirai River.
"Sangarius" redirects here. For the Phrygian god, see Sangarius (mythology). For the insect genus, see Sangarius (bug).
Sakarya River
Map
Location
CountryTurkey
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationBayat Plateau
Mouth 
 • location
Black Sea
Length824 km (512 mi)
Basin size55,300 km2 (21,400 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • average193 m3/s (6,800 cu ft/s)

The Sakarya (

Asia Minor (Anatolia) in Greek classical antiquity, and is mentioned in the Iliad[1] and in Theogony.[2] Its name appears in different forms as Sagraphos,[3] Sangaris,[4] or Sagaris.[5]

Map of the Sakarya River

In

Euxine (Black Sea
).

Pseudo-Plutarch wrote that a man named Sagaris often disdained the mysteries of the Mother of the Gods, frequently deriding her priests. She struck him with madness, and he flung himself into the river Xerobates, which from then on was called Sagaris.[7]

Part of its course formed the boundary between Phrygia and Bithynia, which in early times was bounded on the east by the river. The Bithynian part of the river was navigable and was celebrated for the abundance of fish found in it. Its principal tributaries were the Alander, the Bathys, the Thymbres and the Gallus.[8]

The source of the river is the Bayat Yaylası (Bayat

Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I
(r. 527–565).

Sangarius Bridge constructed by Justinian I (r. 527–565)

In the 13th century, the valley of the Sakarya was part of the border between the

Eastern Roman Empire and the home of the Söğüt tribe. By 1280, Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos had constructed a series of fortifications along the river to control the area, but a flood in 1302 changed the course of the river and made the fortifications useless.[9] The Söğüt tribe migrated across the river and later established the Ottoman Empire
.

From downstream to upstream, the Sakarya has four dams: Akçay, Yenice, Gökçekaya and Sarıyar.

References

  1. ^ Homer. Iliad. Vol. 3.187, 16.719.
  2. ^ Hesiod, Theogony, 344.
  3. ^ Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. 2.724.
  4. ^ Constantine VII, De Administrando Imperio 1.5
  5. ^ Ovid, ex Pont. 4.10 17; Solin 43; Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 6.1.
  6. ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. xii. p.543. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  7. ^ Pseudo-Plutarch. "XII. Sagaris". De fluviis. Translated by Goodwin.
  8. ^ Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, p. 34; Apollon. 2.724; Scymnus. 234, foil.; Strab. xii. pp. 563, 567; Dionys. Perieg. 811; Ptol. 5.1.6; Steph. B. sub voce Liv. 38.18; Plin. Nat. 5.43; Amm. Marc. 22.9.
  9. OCLC 1034613389.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Sangarius". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

See also

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