Academic journal
An academic journal or scholarly journal is a
Concept
Content typically takes the form of articles presenting
The term academic journal applies to scholarly publications in all fields; this article discusses the aspects common to all academic field journals.
The first academic journal was
History
The idea of a published journal with the purpose of "[letting] people know what is happening in the
- review newly published major European books,
- publish the obituaries of famous people,
- report on discoveries in arts and science, and
- report on the secular and ecclesiastical courts, as well as those of universities both in France and outside.
Soon after, the
In 1733,
Scholarly articles
There are two kinds of
Though these reports are generally confidential, some journals and publishers also practice
Reviewing
Review articles
Review articles, also called "reviews of progress", are checks on the research published in journals. Some journals are devoted entirely to review articles, some contain a few in each issue, and others do not publish review articles. Such reviews often cover the research from the preceding year, some for longer or shorter terms; some are devoted to specific topics, some to general surveys. Some reviews are enumerative, listing all significant articles in a given subject; others are selective, including only what they think worthwhile. Yet others are evaluative, judging the state of progress in the subject field. Some journals are published in series, each covering a complete subject field year, or covering specific fields through several years. Unlike original research articles, review articles tend to be solicited or "peer-invited" submissions, often planned years in advance, which may themselves go through a peer-review process once received.[12][13] They are typically relied upon by students beginning a study in a given field, or for current awareness of those already in the field.[12]
Book reviews
Reviews of scholarly books are checks upon the research books published by scholars; unlike articles, book reviews tend to be solicited. Journals typically have a separate book review editor determining which new books to review and by whom. If an outside scholar accepts the book review editor's request for a book review, he or she generally receives a free copy of the book from the journal in exchange for a timely review. Publishers send books to book review editors in the hope that their books will be reviewed. The length and depth of research book reviews varies much from journal to journal, as does the extent of textbook and trade book review.[14]
Prestige and ranking
An
In the
In the Anglo-American humanities, there is no tradition (as there is in the sciences) of giving impact-factors that could be used in establishing a journal's prestige. Recent moves have been made by the European Science Foundation (ESF) to change the situation, resulting in the publication of preliminary lists for the ranking of academic journals in the humanities.[15] These rankings have been severely criticized, notably by history and sociology of science British journals that have published a common editorial entitled "Journals under Threat".[17] Though it did not prevent ESF and some national organizations from proposing journal rankings, it largely prevented their use as evaluation tools.[18]
In some disciplines such as knowledge management/intellectual capital, the lack of a well-established journal ranking system is perceived by academics as "a major obstacle on the way to tenure, promotion and achievement recognition".[19] onversely, a significant number of scientists and organizations consider the pursuit of impact factor calculations as inimical to the goals of science, and have signed the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment to limit its use.
The categorization of journal prestige in some subjects has been attempted, typically using letters to rank their academic world importance.[citation needed]
Three categories of techniques have developed to assess journal quality and create journal rankings:[20]
- stated preference;
- revealed preference; and
- publication power approaches[21]
Costs
Many academic journals are subsidized by universities or professional organizations, and do not exist to make a profit. They often accept advertising, page and image charges from authors to pay for production costs. On the other hand, some journals are produced by commercial publishers who do make a profit by charging subscriptions to individuals and libraries. They may also sell all of their journals in discipline-specific collections or a variety of other packages.[22]
Journal editors tend to have other professional responsibilities, most often as teaching professors. In the case of the largest journals, there are paid staff assisting in the editing. The production of the journals is almost always done by publisher-paid staff. Humanities and social science academic journals are usually subsidized by universities or professional organization.[23]
The cost and value proposition of subscription to academic journals is being continuously re-assessed by institutions worldwide. In the context of the
New developments
The
The much lower entry cost of on-line publishing has also raised concerns of an increase in
Some academic journals use the
Electronic journals
Some journals are
An e-journal closely resembles a print journal in structure: there is a table of contents which lists the articles, and many electronic journals still use a volume/issue model, although some titles now publish on a continuous basis. Online journal articles are a specialized form of
With the growth and development of the Internet, there has been a growth in the number of new journals, especially in those that exist as digital publications only. A subset of these journals exist as Open Access titles, meaning that they are free to access for all, and have
Lists
The largest database providing detailed information about journals is
See also
- Academic authorship
- Academic conference
- Academic writing
- arXiv
- IMRAD
- Journal Citation Reports
- Journalology
- Law review
- Medical journal
- Publish or perish
- Research paper mill
- Scientific journal
- Lists of academic journals
- List of scholarly publishing stings
- Thesis (Dissertation)
- Academic publishing
- Collection of articles
- Treatise
Explanatory notes
References
- ISBN 978-0-02-013085-7.
- S2CID 233798866.
- ^ "Royal Society journal archive made permanently free to access | Royal Society". 2019-02-12. Archived from the original on 2019-02-12. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
- ^ a b c Mudrak, Ben. "Scholarly Publishing: A Brief History". American Journal Experts. Archived from the original on 2019-05-17. Retrieved 2018-06-18.
- ^ Académie des inscriptions & belles-lettres (France); Institut de France (1816). Journal des savants. Robarts – University of Toronto. Paris C. Klincksieck. pp. 1–2.
- ^ "History of Philosophical Transactions – The Secret History of the Scientific Journal". University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 2019-05-17. Retrieved 2018-06-18.
- ^ Kronick, David A. (1962). "Original Publication: The Substantive Journal". A history of scientific and technical periodicals:the origins and development of the scientific and technological press, 1665–1790. New York: The Scarecrow Press. Archived from the original on 2021-02-26. Retrieved 2018-06-18.
- S2CID 904752.
- ^ "Preface". Medical Essays and Observations (2nd ed.). Philosophical Society of Edinburgh: v–xvi. 1737.
- ^
Gwen Meyer Gregory (2005). The successful academic librarian: Winning strategies from library leaders. ISBN 978-1-57387-232-4.
- ^
Michèle Lamont (2009). How professors think: Inside the curious world of academic judgment. ISBN 978-0-674-05733-3.
- ^ a b
Deborah E. De Lange (2011). Research Companion to Green International Management Studies: A Guide for Future Research, Collaboration and Review Writing. ISBN 978-1-84980-727-2.
- doi:10.1146/annurev.an.33.090204.100001. Archived from the originalon 21 September 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ^
Rita James Simon; Linda Mahan (1969). "A Note on the Role of Book Review Editor as Decision Maker". S2CID 144242155.
- ^ a b c
Rowena Murray (2009). Writing for Academic Journals (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-0-335-23458-5.
- PMID 29515380.
- PMID 19190746.
- from the original on 2022-06-14. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
- ^ Nick Bontis; Alexander Serenko (2009). "A follow-up ranking of academic journals". .
- ^
Paul Benjamin Lowry; Sean LaMarc Humpherys; Jason Malwitz; Joshua Nix (2007). "A scientometric study of the perceived quality of business and technical communication journals". SSRN 1021608.
- doi:10.1002/cjas.214. Archived(PDF) from the original on 2016-07-12. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
- from the original on 2022-08-19. Retrieved 2019-01-12.
- ^
Day, Robert A.; Gastel, Barbara (2011). How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper (7th ed.). ISBN 978-0-313-39195-8.
- hdl:10612/11498. Archivedfrom the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2020-04-25.
- ^ Denise Wolfe (2020-04-07). "SUNY Negotiates New, Modified Agreement with Elsevier - Libraries News Center University at Buffalo Libraries". library.buffalo.edu. University at Buffalo. Archived from the original on 2020-12-06. Retrieved 2020-04-18.
- S2CID 163702964.
- PMID 21753913.
- from the original on 2022-10-05. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
- ^ Kolata, Gina (April 7, 2013). "Scientific Articles Accepted (Personal Checks, Too)". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- ^ Deprez, Esme (August 29, 2017). "Medical journals have a fake news problem". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2019-01-25. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
- S2CID 28976450.
- ^ "Streamlined review and registered reports soon to be official at EJP". THE EJP BLOG. European Journal of Personality. 6 February 2018. Archived from the original on 24 July 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
Further reading
- Kronick, David A. (1962). "Original Publication: The Substantive Journal". A history of scientific and technical periodicals:the origins and development of the scientific and technological press, 1665-1790. New York: The Scarecrow Press.
- Bakkalbasi, N; Bauer, K; Glover, J; Wang, L (2006). "Three options for citation tracking: Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science". PMID 16805916.
- .
- .
- Paul Benjamin Lowry; Sean LaMarc Humpherys; Jason Malwitz; Joshua Nix (2007). "A scientometric study of the perceived quality of business and technical communication journals". SSRN 1021608.
- Waller, A.C. (2001). Editorial Peer Review Its Strengths and Weaknesses. ASIST monograph series. ISBN 978-1-57387-100-6.
- Serenko, Alexander; Jiao, C. (2011). "Investigating information systems research in Canada" (PDF). doi:10.1002/CJAS.214.
- Ware, Mark; Mabe, Michael (2015). The STM Report: An overview of scientific and scholarly journal publishing (PDF) (4th ed.). International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers.
External links
This section's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. (June 2021) |
- Journal Collection at the Internet Archive
- ERIH 'Initial' lists, European Science Foundation
- JournalSeek – A Searchable Database of Online Scholarly Journals
- Master Journal List (Thomson Reuters) – a list of selected, and notable academic journals in the arts, humanities, sciences, and social sciences.
- JURN directory of Arts & Humanities ejournals
- Academic Journals: What are They? and Academic Journals Compared to Magazines. Academic Writing. Dennis G. Jerz. Seton Hill University. 2001.
- Peer reviewed articles. San Diego State University.
- Directory of Open Access Journals