Sichuan anti-Mongol fortresses

Southern Song from the Mongol Empire

The Sichuan anti-Mongol fortresses are 83

Han River.^[4] Möngke Khan became the only Mongol khagan to perish on the battlefield when he died during an assault on Diaoyucheng in 1259.^[5] He may have been a victim of dysentery or of injuries sustained when attacking the fortress.^[6]

At present, there are still 48 fortresses kept to this date from the Song Dynasty in Sichuan and

Chongqing. But overall, except for a select few such as Diaoyucheng, most of them have not been effectively protected or developed.^[7]

History

The

Southern Song dynasty, two of the fortresses (Santaicheng and Lingxiaocheng) had not fallen. The former lasted for an extra year until 1280, and the latter lasted until 1288, making it the last place under Song control.^[10]

List

List of fortresses^[3]^[4]
Name	Year of construction	Year of downfall	Original Circuit	Original Zhou or Fu	Current location	Protection level
Sanguicheng (三龟城)	1243	1275	Chengdufu	Jiading Fu	Shizhong District, Leshan	protected by Leshan
Jiudingcheng (九顶城)	1243	1275	Chengdufu	Jiading Fu	Shizhong District, Leshan	protected by Leshan
Ziyuncheng (紫云城)	1243	1275	Chengdufu	Jiading Fu	Qianwei County, Leshan
Qingxicheng (清溪城)			Chengdufu	Jiading Fu	Muchuan County, Leshan
Baiyanzhai (白岩寨)			Chengdufu	Jiading Fu	Muchuan County, Leshan
Diaoyucheng (钓鱼城)	1240	1279	Tongchuanfu	Hezhou	Hechuan District, Chongqing	protected at the national level
Shenbicheng (神臂城)	1243	1277	Tongchuanfu	Luzhou	Hejiang County, Luzhou	protected at the national level
Yundingcheng (云顶城)	1243	1266	Tongchuanfu	Huai'an Jun	Jintang County, Chengdu	protected by Sichuan Province
Qingjucheng (青居城)	1249	1258	Tongchuanfu	Shunqing Fu	Gaoping District, Nanchong	protected by Nanchong
Yishengcheng (宜胜城)	1272	1278	Tongchuanfu	Hezhou	Hechuan District, Chongqing
Liyicheng (礼义城)	1255	1275	Tongchuanfu	Quzhou	Qu County, Dazhou	protected by Sichuan Province
Daliangcheng (大良城)	1243	1275	Tongchuanfu	Guang'an Jun	Qianfeng District, Guang'an
Xiaoliangcheng (小良城)	1243	1275	Tongchuanfu	Guang'an Jun	Qianfeng District, Guang'an
Rongcheng (荣城)			Tongchuanfu	Quzhou	Dazhu County, Dazhou
Lingquanshancheng (灵泉山城)	1258	1258	Tongchuanfu	Suining Fu	Chuanshan District, Suining
Zijincheng (紫金城)	1254		Tongchuanfu	Tongchuan Fu	Yanting County, Mianyang
Tiefengcheng (铁锋城)	1243		Tongchuanfu	Puzhou	Anyue County, Ziyang
Hutoucheng (虎头城)	1265	1275	Tongchuanfu	Fushun Jian	Fushun County, Zigong	protected by Sichuan Province
Dadaozhai (大刀寨)	1253		Tongchuanfu	Rongzhou (Sichuan)	Rong County, Zigong
Jishengzhai (集生砦)	1244	1258	Tongchuanfu	Rongzhou (Sichuan)	Rong County, Zigong	protected by Sichuan Province
Wanshoushancheng (万寿山城)			Tongchuanfu	Luzhou	Lu County, Luzhou	protected by Sichuan Province
Rongshancheng (榕山城)	1239		Tongchuanfu	Luzhou	Hejiang County, Luzhou
Anleshancheng (安乐山城)	1240	1277	Tongchuanfu	Luzhou	Hejiang County, Luzhou
Sanjiangqi (三江碛)	1239		Tongchuanfu	Luzhou	Jiang'an County, Yibin
Anyuanzhai (安远寨)			Tongchuanfu	Luzhou	Jiang'an County, Yibin
Denggaocheng	1267	1275	Tongchuanfu	Xuzhou	Cuiping District, Yibin
Xianlucheng	1260	1275	Tongchuanfu	Xuzhou	Cuiping District, Yibin
Lingxiaocheng	1257	1288	Tongchuanfu	Changning Jun	Xingwen County, Yibin
Kuzhu'ai	1236	1258	Lizhou	Longqing Fu	Jiange County, Guangyuan	protected by Sichuan Province
Changningshancheng			Lizhou	Lizhou	Jiange County, Guangyuan	protected by Guangyuan
Edingbao		1258	Lizhou	Lizhou	Jiange County, Guangyuan
Xiaoningcheng	1245		Lizhou	Bazhou	Pingchang County, Bazhong	protected by Sichuan Province
Dehancheng	1249	1264	Lizhou	Bazhou	Tongjiang County, Bazhong	protected by Sichuan Province
Pingliangcheng	1251		Lizhou	Bazhou	Bazhou District, Bazhong	protected by Sichuan Province
Dahuocheng	1244	1258	Lizhou	Langzhou	Cangxi County, Guangyuan	protected by Sichuan Province
Kua'aocheng	1253		Lizhou	Langzhou	Nanbu County, Nanchong
Yunshancheng	1246	1258	Lizhou	Fengzhou	Peng'an County, Nanchong
Baidicheng	1242	1278	Kuizhou	Kuizhou	Fengjie County, Chongqing	protected at the national level
Tianshengcheng	1241	1276	Kuizhou	Wanzhou	Wanzhou District, Chongqing	protected at the national level
Chongqingcheng	1240	1278	Kuizhou	Chongqing Fu	Yuzhong District, Chongqing	protected at the national level
Duogongcheng	1243		Kuizhou	Chongqing Fu	Jiangbei District, Chongqing	protected by Chongqing
Santaicheng	1266	1280	Kuizhou	Fuzhou	Fuling District, Chongqing
Huanghuacheng	1265	1277	Kuizhou	Zhongzhou	Zhong County, Chongqing
Tiancicheng	1263		Kuizhou	Daning Jian	Wushan County, Chongqing	protected by Chongqing
Chiniucheng	1242	1276	Kuizhou	Liangshan Jun	Liangping District, Chongqing
Longyacheng	1256	1278	Kuizhou	Nanping Jun	Nanchuan District, Chongqing	protected by Chongqing
Shaoqingcheng	1272	1278	Kuizhou	Qinzhou	Pengshui County, Chongqing
Panshicheng			Kuizhou	Yun'an Jun	Yunyang County, Chongqing	protected by Chongqing

References

^ ^a ^b "崖山之後，還有凌霄！南宋凌霄城長寧軍扛起了宋人最後的戰旗" (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 2020-04-02.
^ 范晓 (2007年). "四川盆地的南宋城堡——红层方山上失落的古城要塞群". 中国国家地理 (第9期).
^ ^a ^b 赵尔阳 (2014年). "宋蒙（元）战争时期四川军事地理初步研究". 西南大学.
^ ^a ^b ^c 薛玉树 (1993年). "宋元战争中四川的宋军山城及其现状". 四川文物 (第1期).
^ 孟銓; 潘朝陽 (1978). 開國英雄傳 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 莊嚴出版社.
^ "帝国的极盛：蒙哥汗时期，1251—1259年_剑桥中国辽西夏金元史_国学导航". www.guoxue123.com. Retrieved 2020-04-02.
^ 朱雪黎 (23 May 2014). "30座宋元古城藏在巴山蜀水间". 四川日报. Retrieved 2014-12-31.
^ "改變歷史的一戰，宋蒙釣魚城之戰系列始末1——序章" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2020-04-13.
^ 脱脱等. 《宋史·列传第二百八·忠义四·曹友闻传》.
^ "宋亡於崖山，但戰爭並未結束，直到9年後最後一座城全部戰死殉國" (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 2020-04-23.

[:0-1] "崖山之後，還有凌霄！南宋凌霄城長寧軍扛起了宋人最後的戰旗" (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 2020-04-02.

[四川盆地的南宋城堡-2] 范晓 (2007年). "四川盆地的南宋城堡——红层方山上失落的古城要塞群". 中国国家地理 (第9期).

[宋蒙（元）战争时期四川军事地理初步研究-3] 赵尔阳 (2014年). "宋蒙（元）战争时期四川军事地理初步研究". 西南大学.

[宋元战争中四川的宋军山城及其现状-4] 薛玉树 (1993年). "宋元战争中四川的宋军山城及其现状". 四川文物 (第1期).

[5] 孟銓; 潘朝陽 (1978). 開國英雄傳 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 莊嚴出版社.

[6] "帝国的极盛：蒙哥汗时期，1251—1259年_剑桥中国辽西夏金元史_国学导航". www.guoxue123.com. Retrieved 2020-04-02.

[7] 朱雪黎 (23 May 2014). "30座宋元古城藏在巴山蜀水间". 四川日报. Retrieved 2014-12-31.

[8] "改變歷史的一戰，宋蒙釣魚城之戰系列始末1——序章" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2020-04-13.

[9] 脱脱等. 《宋史·列传第二百八·忠义四·曹友闻传》.

[10] "宋亡於崖山，但戰爭並未結束，直到9年後最後一座城全部戰死殉國" (in Chinese (Hong Kong)). Retrieved 2020-04-23.

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