Socialist Party of Minnesota
Socialist Party of Minnesota | |
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Dark red | |
The Socialist Party of Minnesota (from 1899 to 1902 the Social Democratic Party of Minnesota; from 1903 to 1913 the Public Ownership Party of Minnesota) was the state affiliate of the Springfield faction of the Social Democratic Party of America, the Socialist Party of America, and finally the Socialist Party USA in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
History
The state organization was established in 1899, when the Kangaroo faction bolted from the
The Socialist Party of Minnesota continued to exist after 1920, but in a severely weakened state. Many of its former members, such as
The Minnesota organization continued to send delegates to the national conventions of the Socialist Party through the 1960s, until the Social Democrats, USA were formed in 1972. Afterward, the Socialist Party of Minnesota reorganized as a part of the Socialist Party USA, sending delegates to the SPUSA's reorganizing convention in 1973. As a unit of the SPUSA, the Socialist Party of Minnesota was able to secure presidential ballot access in Minnesota for Frank Zeidler in 1976 and again for David McReynolds in 1980; however, the organization essentially disappeared at some point prior to 1988.
Nominees for public office
Presidential tickets[nb 1]
Year | Results | Candidates | Ref. | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | for President | for Vice President | |||
1900
|
3,065 | 0.97 | Eugene V. Debs (IN) | Job Harriman (CA) | [2][3] | [nb 2] |
1904
|
11,692 | 3.99 | Benjamin Hanford (NY )
|
[4][5] | [nb 3] | |
1908
|
14,527 | 4.38 | [6][7] | [nb 3] | ||
1912
|
27,505 | 8.23 | Emil Seidel (WI) | [8][9] | [nb 3] | |
1916
|
20,117 | 5.19 | Allan L. Benson (NY) | George Ross Kirkpatrick (NJ) | [10][11] | |
1920
|
56,106 | 7.62 | Eugene V. Debs (IN) | Seymour Stedman (IL) | [12][13] | |
1924
|
339,192 | 41.26 | Robert M. La Follette (WI) | Burton K. Wheeler (MT) | [14][15] | [nb 4] |
1928
|
6,774 | 0.70 | Norman Thomas (NY) | James H. Maurer (PA) | [16] | |
1932
|
25,476 | 2.54 | [17] | |||
1936
|
2,872 | 0.25 | George A. Nelson (WI) | [18] | ||
1940
|
5,454 | 0.44 | Maynard C. Krueger (IL) | [19] | ||
1944
|
5,073 | 0.45 | Darlington Hoopes (PA) | [20] | ||
1948
|
4,646 | 0.38 | Tucker P. Smith (MI) | [21] | ||
1976
|
354 | 0.02 | Frank Zeidler (WI) | J. Quinn Brisben (IL) | [22] | [nb 5] |
1980
|
536 | 0.03 | David McReynolds (NY) | Diane Drufenbrock (IN) | [23] | [nb 5][nb 6] |
Congressional nominees
|
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1934
|
5,616 | 0.56 | Morris Kaplan | [24] |
2nd district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1910
|
556 | 2.01 | D. A. Thayer | [25][26] | [nb 3] |
1912
|
1,479 | 5.05 | John R. Hollister | [8][27] | [nb 3] |
1914
|
1,326 | 3.88 | [28][29] |
4th district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1906
|
1,544 | 5.14 | Adolph Lando | [30][31] | [nb 3] |
1908
|
1,784 | 4.96 | Ernest W. Woodrich | [6][32] | [nb 3] |
1910
|
1,953 | 5.87 | Charles H. Stratton | [25][33] | [nb 3] |
1912
|
6,021 | 14.32 | Albert Rosenquist | [8][34] | [nb 3] |
1914
|
2,221 | 7.21 | William Mahoney | [28][35] | |
1916
|
1,854 | 4.83 | Hermon W. Phillips | [10][36] | |
1919 | 424 | 1.55 | C. R. Carlgren | [37] | [nb 7] |
5th district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1900
|
725 | 1.74 | Adolph Hirshfield | [2][38] | [nb 2] |
1902
|
215 | 0.56 | Spencer M. Holman | [39][40] | |
1904
|
3,184 | 7.44 | Adolph Hirshfield | [4][41] | [nb 3] |
1906
|
1,386 | 3.24 | Charles Fremont Dight | [30][42] | [nb 3] |
1908
|
1,816 | 4.56 | [6][43] | [nb 3] | |
1910
|
2,323 | 6.66 | Frederick F. Lindsay | [25][44] | [nb 3] |
1912
|
6,929 | 17.17 | Thomas E. Latimer | [8][45] | [nb 3] |
1914
|
10,312 | 33.34 | Thomas Van Lear | [28][46] | |
1916
|
7,526 | 16.69 | Thomas E. Latimer | [10][47] | |
1934
|
317 | 0.27 | George Riedel | [48] |
6th district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1912
|
2,839 | 8.34 | A. W. Uhl | [8][49] | [nb 3] |
1914
|
3,769 | 11.64 | Otto M. Thomason | [28][50] |
8th district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1902
|
538 | 2.24 | Vincent C. Koneczny | [39][51] | |
1904
|
314 | 1.08 | J. Adam O'Malley | [4][52] | [nb 3] |
1906
|
6,025 | 24.43 | George F. Peterson | [30][53] | [nb 3] |
1908
|
6,298 | 18.43 | Alexander Halliday | [6][54] | [nb 3] |
1910
|
4,354 | 13.74 | O. S. Watkins | [25][55] | [nb 3] |
1912
|
7,398 | 18.31 | Morris Kaplan | [8][56] | [nb 3] |
1914
|
4,179 | 14.89 | William E. Towne | [28][57] | |
1916
|
9,034 | 26.25 | Juls J. Anderson | [10][58] |
9th district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1906
|
5,490 | 19.87 | Haldor Erickson Boen
|
[30][59] | [nb 3] |
1908
|
2,985 | 8.30 | T. T. Braaten | [6][60] | [nb 3] |
1910
|
8,421 | 25.52 | David Sanders | [25][61] | [nb 3] |
1912
|
11,190 | 33.28 | Michael A. Brattland | [8][62] | [nb 3] |
1914
|
7,489 | 23.65 | [28][63] | ||
1916
|
4,347 | 11.41 | T. A. Thompson | [10][64] |
10th district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1916
|
3,782 | 8.64 | John G. Soltis | [10][65] |
At-large district
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1912
|
30,042 | 10.73 | James S. Ingalls | [8][66] | [nb 3] |
Nominees for state executive offices
Governor
Lieutenant Governor[nb 8]
Secretary of State
|
State Auditor
State Treasurer
|
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1908 | 12,661 | 4.27 | A. W. Uhl | [6] | [nb 3] |
Railroad and Warehouse Commissioner
Year | Results | Candidate | Ref. | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ||||
1920 | 23,900 | 3.32 | Tom May | [12] |
Officeholders
State senators
|
|
|
State representatives
|
|
|
Mayors
|
|
|
Aldermen/City Councilors
BrainerdCloquet
Duluth
|
Minneapolis
|
Two Harbors
Virginia
|
|
Other officeholders
|
|
Other prominent members
- Comintern, and eventually a long-time member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party USA
- Algernon Lee, politician, journalist and educator; prominent member of the Kangaroo faction of the SLP, editor of The Tocsin, and one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party of Minnesota; moved to New York City shortly thereafter, running for numerous public offices there
- Mayor Thomas Van Lear
- Smithville from 1910 to 1913; antagonized factional disputes in the Finnish Socialist Federation, which tended to spill over into the Party itself; later returned to Finland where he was a founding member of the Communist Party of Finland
- Carl Skoglund, who was prominent in the Left Section, a founding member of the Communist Party, embraced the views of Leon Trotsky, returned to the SPA after the Trotskyists were driven out of the Communist Party, and eventually became a founding member of the Socialist Workers Party
State Secretaries (incomplete)
- ?–1904: Spencer M. Holman
- 1904–1912: Jay E. Nash
- 1912–1914: Thomas E. Latimer
- 1914–1915: Fred Miller
- 1915–1919: Abraham L. Sugarman
- 1919: Charles Dirba
- 1919–?: Samuel L. Friedman
- ?–?: Lillian Friedman
See also
- Social Democratic Party of America
- Socialist Party of America
- Socialist Party USA
- Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party
- National Party (United States)
- Communist Party USA
- Communist Party of America
- Communist Labor Party of America
- Workers Party of America
Notes
- ^ Includes only presidential tickets for which the Socialist Party of America or the Socialist Party USA had presidential ballot access in Minnesota. The Socialist Party of Minnesota failed to achieve ballot access for Darlington Hoopes and Samuel H. Friedman in 1952 and 1956. The Socialist Party did not nominate any tickets in 1960, 1964, 1968, or 1972. The Socialist Party USA has not achieved ballot access in Minnesota since 1980.
- ^ a b c All candidates listed running in 1900 were running as candidates of the Social Democratic Party.
- ^ Socialist Labor Party, forced to use the ballot designation of "Public Ownership Party".
- ^ a b Zeidler/Brisben and McReynolds/Drufenbrock were tickets of the Socialist Party USA.
- ^ McReynolds was the first openly-gay man to be nominated for the office of President of the United States by any political party.
- ^ Special election.
- ^ From statehood through 1970, the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota were elected separately.
- ^ Lillian Friedman was the first woman ever nominated by any political party for the office of Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota.
- ^ Farmer-Laboritefrom 1924 onward.
- ^ Richard Jones was elected to the Senate as a member of the Socialist Party, running with the endorsement of the Socialist Party. However, he was expelled from the party by referendum vote of the Socialist Party of St. Louis County before he took office, for "pandering to non-Socialist votes."[84]
References
- ^ Georgian, Alexis, ed. (11 March 1916). "State Convention Passes Upon Many Important Questions: Finnish Difficulties Satisfactorily Settled—Many Constitutional Changes" (PDF). New Times. Vol. 6, no. 20. Minneapolis: The New Times Publishing Company. pp. 1, 3.
- ^ a b c "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1901. 1901. pp. 427–551.
- ^ "1900 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1905. 1907. pp. 382–531.
- ^ "1904 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1909. 1909. pp. 394–555.
- ^ "1908 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1913. 1913. pp. 364–524.
- ^ "1912 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1917. 1917. pp. 352–522.
- ^ "1916 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1921. 1921. pp. 364–535.
- ^ "1920 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1924 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ ISBN 0252011481.
- ^ "1928 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1932 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1936 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1940 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1944 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1948 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1976 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "1980 Presidential General Election Results - Minnesota". US Election Atlas.org. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1934". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1911. 1911. pp. 340–504.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 02 Race - Nov 08, 1910". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 02 Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1915. 1915. pp. 384–556.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 02 Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1907. 1907. pp. 358–503.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 04 Race - Nov 06, 1906". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 04 Race - Nov 03, 1908". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 04 Race - Nov 08, 1910". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 04 Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 04 Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 04 Race - Nov 07, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN District 4 - Special Election Race - Jul 01, 1919". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 06, 1900". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1903. 1903. pp. 404–528.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 04, 1902". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 08, 1904". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 06, 1906". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 03, 1908". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 08, 1910". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 07, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 05 Race - Nov 06, 1934". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 06 Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 06 Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 04, 1902". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 08, 1904". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 06, 1906". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 03, 1908". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 08, 1910". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 08 Race - Nov 07, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 09 Race - Nov 06, 1906". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 09 Race - Nov 03, 1908". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 09 Race - Nov 08, 1910". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 09 Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 09 Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 09 Race - Nov 07, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN - District 10 Race - Nov 07, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN At-Large Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 06, 1900". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 04, 1902". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 08, 1904". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 06, 1906". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 03, 1908". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 08, 1910". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 05, 1912". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 03, 1914". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 07, 1916". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1919. 1919. pp. 514–682.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 05, 1918". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MN Governor Race - Nov 02, 1920". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
- ^ "Election Returns" (PDF). The Legislative Manual of the State of Minnesota Compiled for the Legislature of 1937. 1937. pp. 208–394.
- ^ ISBN 978-1612344911.
- ^ a b "Devold, Andrew Olaf "A.O., Andy"". Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ a b c "Boylan, Michael "Mike"". Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ "Gardner, George H." Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8166-4637-1.
... Indeed, by October 1914 the central committee of the St. Louis County Socialist Party, now firmly under the control of the left-wing Finns and Scandinavians, recommended that Richard Jones, elected to the Minnesota Legislature from Duluth as a Socialist, be expelled from the party for pandering to non-Socialist votes ...
- ^ "Jones, Richard". Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
- ^ "Boyd, John H." Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ "Hillman, Nels S. "N.S."". Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ a b c "Strand, Ernest G." Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ "Woodfill, James W." Legislators Past & Present. Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Retrieved 3 December 2016.