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|filling_weight={{convert |320|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="RadugaKh">{{cite web|url=http://personal.inet.fi/cool/foxfour/sovmis/sovmis-as.html |title=Raduga Kh-59 (AS-13 Kingbolt) and Kh-59M (AS-18 Kazoo)|accessdate=22 December 2008}}</ref>
|filling_weight={{convert |320|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="RadugaKh">{{cite web|url=http://personal.inet.fi/cool/foxfour/sovmis/sovmis-as.html|title=Raduga Kh-59 (AS-13 Kingbolt) and Kh-59M (AS-18 Kazoo)|accessdate=22 December 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101014834/http://personal.inet.fi/cool/foxfour/sovmis/sovmis-as.html|archivedate=1 January 2009|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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Revision as of 15:05, 9 December 2017

Kh-59 Ovod
(
TV guidance), millimeter wave active radar seeker (Kh-59MK, Kh-59MK2 land attack version)[3]
Launch
platform
Kh-59ME: Su-30MK[1]
Kh-59: Su-24M, MiG-27, Su-17M3/22M4, HAL Tejas, Su-25 and Su-30[4]

The Kh-59 Ovod (Russian: Х-59 Овод 'Gadfly'; AS-13 'Kingbolt') is a Russian TV-guided cruise missile with a two-stage solid-fuel propulsion system and 200 km range. The Kh-59M Ovod-M (AS-18 'Kazoo') is a variant with a bigger warhead and turbojet engine. It is primarily a land-attack missile but the Kh-59MK variant targets ships.[3]

Development

The initial design was based on the Raduga Kh-58 (AS-11 'Kilter'), but it had to be abandoned[citation needed] because the missile speed was too high for visual target acquisition.

S A Zverev NPO in Krasnogorsk.[5]

It is believed that development of the Kh-59M started in the 1980s.[3] Details of the Kh-59M were first revealed in the early 1990s.[3]

Design

The original Kh-59 is propelled by a solid fuel engine, and incorporates a solid fuel accelerator in the tail. The folding stabilizers are located in the front of the missile, with wings and rudder in the rear. The Kh-59 cruises at an altitude of about 7 meters above water or 100–1,000 metres (330–3,280 ft) above ground with the help of a

pylon.[4]

The Kh-59ME has an external

inertial guidance system to guide it into the target area and a television system to guide it to the target itself.[1]

The 36MT turbofan engine developed for the Kh-59M class of missiles is manufactured by

NPO Saturn of Russia.[6]

Target coordinates are fed into the missile before launch, and the initial flight phase is conducted under

inertial guidance
. At a distance of 10 km from the target the television guidance system is activated. An operator aboard the aircraft visually identifies the target and locks the missile onto it.

Operational history

Although the original Kh-59 could be carried by the

Su-30MK2; deliveries may have included both Kh-59MK and Kh-59MK2 versions.[7]

Variants

Kh-59ME
  • Kh-59 (AS-13 'Kingbolt') - original version with dual solid-fuel rocket engines. First shown in 1991; exported as Kh-59 or Kh-59E.[5]
  • Kh-59M (AS-18 'Kazoo') - adds turbojet engine and larger warhead. Range 115 km.[1]
  • Kh-59ME - 200 km-range variant offered for export in 1999.[3]
  • Kh-59MK - 285 km-range anti-shipping variant with turbofan engine and ARGS-59 active radar seeker.[3]
  • Kh-59MK2 - Land attack variant of Kh-59MK (fire-and-forget),[3] equipped with either a 320 kg penetrating or 285 kg (628 lb) pellet warhead.[7]
  • Kh-59M2 - Kh-59M/Kh-59MK with new TV/IIR seekers, reported in 2004.[3]
  • Kh-20 - possible name for nuclear-tipped variant carried by
    Su-27 family.[3]
  • Kh-59L - laser-guided variant that was developed.[4]
  • Kh-59T - TV guided instead laser guidance variant.
  • Kh-59MK2 - AS-22 stealth standoff version, rocket or turbofan engine, shown in MAKS 2015. Light compact tactical stealth ALCM with a range of 290 km (for export) and 550 km (for domestic use) versions. Rumors have told that India will get "special" export version with a range extended up to 350 km.

Proposed development options for the Kh-59M/ME have included alternative payloads (including

cluster munitions) but their current development status is unclear.[4][8]

Operators

Map with Kh-59 operators in blue and former operators in red

Current operators

Former operators

 Soviet Union
Soviet Air Force

Similar weapons

  • AGM-130 TV-guided penetration missile
  • Standoff Land Attack Missile
  • AGM-62 Walleye II - TV-guided glide bomb with 83 km range
  • Kh-37 variant of Kh-35U (AS-20 'Kayak') - 145 kg warhead, 250 km range
  • Kh-58 (AS-11 'Kilter') - Raduga anti-radar missile, 120 km range
  • Kh-35 (AS-20 'Kayak')

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Rosoboronexport Air Force Department and Media & PR Service, AEROSPACE SYSTEMS export catalogue (PDF), Rosoboronexport State Corporation, p. 124, archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2007 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b "Raduga Kh-59 (AS-13 Kingbolt) and Kh-59M (AS-18 Kazoo)". Archived from the original on 1 January 2009. Retrieved 22 December 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Kh-59M, Kh-59ME Ovod-M (AS-18 'Kazoo')", Jane's Air-Launched Weapons, 3 December 2010, retrieved 28 April 2011
  4. ^ a b c d e f Kh-59 Ovod (AS-13 'Kingbolt'), 24 October 2007, retrieved 3 February 2009
  5. ^ a b c "Kh-59 (AS-13 'Kingbolt'/Ovod)", Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems, 9 September 2008, retrieved 3 February 2009
  6. ^ "Saturn military engines for unmanned aerial vehicles". NPO Saturn website. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
  7. ^ a b China's PLAN Received about 200 Kh-59MK Anti-Ship Missiles for Su-30MK2 by end-2015 - Navyrecognition.com, 21 March 2016
  8. ^ Wiebe, Virgil; Titus Peachey (2000). "Clusters of Death". The Mennonite Central Committee Global Report on Cluster Bomb Production and Use. Mennonite Central Committee. Retrieved 28 April 2011. Also known as the Kh-59M Ovod-M, the AS-18 is modernized version of AS-13 Kingbolt ... The warhead can be either a 705-lb high explosive or 617-lb cluster submunitions.
  9. ^ http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php
  10. ^ 2011 Annual Report of Tactical Missile Corporation, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

References

  • Gordon, Yefim (2004), Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War Two, Hinckley, England: Midland Publishing,
    ISBN 1-85780-188-1

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