St Ives Bridge
St Ives Bridge is a 15th-century bridge crossing the River Great Ouse in St Ives, Cambridgeshire, England. It is noted for being one of only four bridges in England to incorporate a chapel (the others being at Rotherham, Wakefield, and Bradford-on-Avon).[1][2]
History
Prior to the first bridge here there was a ford across the Ouse, probably dating back several thousand years. The river was at that time wider and shallower until locks were added to make it navigable.[3]
The St Ives settlement was developed by the
Such chapels were relatively common in medieval times and served as toll-houses,[citation needed] as well as to allow travellers to pray or to give thanks for a safe journey. They also hosted church services.
During the English Civil War the bridge was partially blown up by the troops of Oliver Cromwell to prevent King Charles I's troops approaching London from the Royalist base in Lincolnshire. The two arches on the southern side were demolished and a drawbridge installed in 1645 as a defensive measure by Cromwell's forces, who held the town.[4] The drawbridge remained in use until 1716.[4] When the bridge was partially rebuilt that year, the shape of the new arches was different from the surviving ones, leaving the bridge with two rounded arches on its South side and two Gothic arches on the North.[3]
At some point, the bridge chapel fell into disuse and was for a time used as a
The chapel was restored in 1930, having previously served as a
The bridge served as the primary southern entrance to the town and the only road bridge across the river until Harrison Way by-pass was added down-river to the east in 1980.[3][4]
Preservation
The bridge is one of nine Scheduled Ancient Monument Grade 1 in Cambridgeshire. All maintenance must be carried out in a sympathetic manner to preserve its aesthetic and functional aspects.[7] Since 1980 the foundations have been strengthened and the structure reinforced.[4] In 1998 the bridge was resurfaced, special precautions being taken to prevent water ingress into the structure. In 2002, external lighting of the arches and chapel was fitted, along with internal lighting of the chapel and lights fitted into the pedestrian refuges at each pier. English Heritage control all work on the bridge, although it is not one of the properties in Cambridgeshire that they own.[8]
Recent events
1976
A gravel lorry breached the parapet.[4] St Ives sub-aqua club recovered the stones from the river-bed. George Hunter from Huntington was one of the local tradesman assigned to restore the chapel after this event. All tradesmen who worked on the project have details engraved on the stones that rebuilt the bridge chapel.
1947
During the big flood this year an amphibious tank breached the parapet.[4]
1941
A Home Guard Bren gun carrier breached the parapet.[4]
See also
- Old Bridge, Huntingdon, 6 miles up-stream.
- Chantry Chapel of St Mary the Virgin, Wakefield
- Rotherham Bridge
- St Mary's Bridge Chapel (Derby)
Notes
- ISBN 0-09-190207-X.
- ^ "Bridge Chapels". Edward Green.
- ^ a b c Information board, Norris Museum, St Ives
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l St Ives a new Millenium p.8-9 St Ives Photo Publication Group. Inchcape 2002.
- ^ "The Bridge - A Grade I Listed Building in St Ives, Cambridgeshire". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
- ISBN 978-0091912512.
- ^ Bridge assessment, strengthening and maintenance policy Archived 11 March 2005 at the Wayback Machine. Cambridgeshire County Council.
- ^ English Heritage Properties - free for members.
External links
- Photographs exploring the Chapel, and showing the previous extra floors.
- Night picture of the bridge and Chapel, newly floodlighted in 2002/3.
- Panoramic view from the bridge
- Information provided by British Waterways
- Bridge maintenance policy