Northamptonshire
Northamptonshire
Northants | |
---|---|
UTC±00:00 (Greenwich Mean Time) | |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+01:00 (British Summer Time) |
Members of Parliament | |
33rd of 48 | |
Density | 316/km2 (820/sq mi) |
Ethnicity |
|
North Northamptonshire Council | |
Districts | |
Districts of Northamptonshire Unitary: |
Northamptonshire (/nɔːrˈθæmptənʃɪər, -ʃər/;[3][4] abbreviated Northants.) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It is bordered by Leicestershire, Rutland and Lincolnshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire to the south and Warwickshire to the west. Northampton is the largest settlement and the county town.
The county has an area of 2,364 km2 (913 sq mi) and a population of 747,622. The latter is concentrated in the centre of the county, which contains the county's largest towns: Northampton (249,093), Corby (75,571), Kettering (63,150), and Wellingborough (56,564).[citation needed] The northeast and southwest are rural. The county contains two local government districts, North Northamptonshire and West Northamptonshire, which are both unitary authority areas. The historic county included the Soke of Peterborough.
The county is characterised by low, undulating hills, particularly to the west. They are the source of several rivers, including the Avon and Welland, which form much of the northern border; the Cherwell; and the Great Ouse. The River Nene is the principal river within the county, having its source in the southwest and flowing northeast past Northampton and Wellingborough. The highest point is Arbury Hill southwest of Daventry, at 225 m (738 ft).
There are
History
Much of Northamptonshire's countryside appears to have remained somewhat intractable as regards early human occupation, resulting in an apparently sparse population and relatively few finds from the
In the 1st century BC, most of what later became Northamptonshire became part of the territory of the
The Roman road of Watling Street passed through the county, and an important Roman settlement, Lactodurum, stood on the site of modern-day Towcester. There were other Roman settlements at Northampton, Kettering and along the Nene Valley near Raunds. A large fort was built at Longthorpe.[8]
After the Romans left, the area eventually became part of the
The county was first recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1011), as Hamtunscire: the scire (shire) of Hamtun (the homestead). The "North" was added to distinguish Northampton from the other important Hamtun further south: Southampton – though the origins of the two names are in fact different.[12]
Rockingham Castle was built for William the Conqueror[13] and was used as a Royal fortress until Elizabethan times. In 1460, during the Wars of the Roses, the Battle of Northampton took place and King Henry VI was captured.[14] The now-ruined Fotheringhay Castle was used to imprison Mary, Queen of Scots, before her execution.[15]
During the English Civil War, Northamptonshire strongly supported the Parliamentarian cause, and the Royalist forces suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Naseby in 1645 in the north of the county. King Charles I was imprisoned at Holdenby House in 1647.[16]
In the 18th and 19th centuries, parts of Northamptonshire and the surrounding area became
In 1823 Northamptonshire was said to "[enjoy] a very pure and wholesome air" because of its dryness and distance from the sea. Its livestock were celebrated: "Horned cattle, and other animals, are fed to extraordinary sizes: and many horses of the large black breed are reared."[19]
Nine years later, the county was described as "a county enjoying the reputation of being one of the healthiest and pleasantest parts of England" although the towns were "of small importance" with the exceptions of Peterborough and Northampton. In summer, the county hosted "a great number of wealthy families... country seats and villas are to be seen at every step."[20] Northamptonshire is still referred to as the county of "spires and squires" because of the numbers of stately homes and ancient churches.[21]
Prior to 1901 the ancient hundreds were disused. Northamptonshire was administered as four major divisions: Northern, Eastern, Mid, and Southern.[22] During the 1930s, the town of Corby was established as a major centre of the steel industry. Much of Northamptonshire nevertheless remains rural.[citation needed]
Corby was designated a
Peterborough
The
Little Bowden
In 1879, a local government district was created covering the three parishes of Market Harborough and Great Bowden and Little Bowden.[29] When elected county councils were established in 1889, local government districts were placed entirely in one county, and thus the parish of Little Bowden, a neighbourhood of Market Harborough, was transferred from Northamptonshire to Leicestershire.[30]
Geography
Northamptonshire is a landlocked county located in the southern part of the East Midlands region,[31] which is sometimes known as the South Midlands. The county contains the watershed between the River Severn and The Wash, and several important rivers have their sources in the north-west of the county, including the River Nene, which flows north-eastwards to The Wash, and the "Warwickshire Avon", which flows south-west to the Severn. In 1830, it was boasted that "not a single brook, however insignificant, flows into it from any other district".[32] The highest point in the county is Arbury Hill, at 225 metres (738 ft).[33][34] The boundary with Lincolnshire is England's shortest ceremonial county boundary, at 20 yards (18 metres).[35]
There are several towns in the county, Northampton being the largest and most populous. At the time of the 2011 census a population of 691,952 lived in the county, with 212,069 living in Northampton. The table below shows all towns with over 10,000 inhabitants.
Rank | Town | Population | Former Borough/District council |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Northampton | 249,093 (2021) | Northampton Borough Council |
2 | Corby | 75,571 (2021) | Corby Borough Council
|
3 | Kettering | 63,150 (2021) | Kettering Borough Council
|
4 | Wellingborough | 56,564 (2021) | Borough Council of Wellingborough
|
5 | Rushden | 31,690 (2021) | East Northamptonshire District Council
|
6 | Daventry | 28,123 (2021) | Daventry District Council
|
7 | Brackley | 16,159 (2021) | South Northamptonshire District Council
|
8 | Towcester | 11,524 (2021) | South Northamptonshire District Council
|
As of 2010 there were 16 settlements in Northamptonshire with a town charter:
- Brackley, Burton Latimer, Corby, Daventry, Desborough, Higham Ferrers, Irthlingborough, Kettering, Northampton, Oundle, Raunds, Rothwell, Rushden, Towcester, Thrapston and Wellingborough.
Climate
Like the rest of the British Isles, Northamptonshire has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification). The table below shows the average weather for Northamptonshire from the Moulton weather station.
Climate data for Moulton, Northants | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7 (45) |
8 (46) |
11 (52) |
13 (55) |
17 (63) |
19 (66) |
22 (72) |
23 (73) |
19 (66) |
14 (57) |
10 (50) |
7 (45) |
14 (58) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2 (36) |
2 (36) |
4 (39) |
4 (39) |
7 (45) |
10 (50) |
12 (54) |
12 (54) |
10 (50) |
8 (46) |
5 (41) |
3 (37) |
7 (44) |
Average precipitation cm (inches) | 4.51 (1.78) |
3.39 (1.33) |
2.87 (1.13) |
4.39 (1.73) |
3.49 (1.37) |
4.66 (1.83) |
4.21 (1.66) |
4.69 (1.85) |
5.49 (2.16) |
5.68 (2.24) |
4.8 (1.9) |
4.98 (1.96) |
53.16 (20.94) |
Source: [36] |
Governance
Local government
Between 1974 and 2021, Northamptonshire, like most English counties, was divided into a number of local authorities. The seven borough/district councils covered 15 towns and hundreds of villages. The county had a two-tier structure of local government and an elected county council based in Northampton, and was also divided into seven districts each with their own district or borough councils:[37]
Council | Council HQ Location |
---|---|
Corby Borough Council |
Corby |
Daventry District Council |
Daventry |
East Northamptonshire District Council |
Thrapston |
Kettering Borough Council |
Kettering |
Northampton Borough Council | Northampton |
South Northamptonshire District Council |
Towcester |
Borough Council of Wellingborough |
Wellingborough |
Northampton itself is the most populous
The
De facto bankruptcy of the county council
In early 2018, Northamptonshire County Council was declared technically insolvent and would be able to provide only the bare essential services.[39] According to The Guardian the problems were caused by "a reckless half-decade in which it refused to raise council tax to pay for the soaring costs of social care" and "partly due to past failings, the council is now having to make some drastic decisions to reduce services to a core offer." Some observers, such as Simon Edwards of the County Councils Network, added another perspective on the cause of the financial crisis, the United Kingdom government austerity programme: "It is clear that, partly due to past failings, the council is now having to make some drastic decisions to reduce services to a core offer. However, we can't ignore that some of the underlying causes of the challenges facing Northamptonshire, such as dramatic reductions to council budgets and severe demand for services, mean county authorities across the country face funding pressures of £3.2bn over the next two years."[40]
Structural changes
In early 2018, following the events above, Government-appointed commissioners took over control of the council's affairs. Consequently, the Secretary of State for Housing, Communities and Local Government commissioned an independent report which, in March 2018, proposed structural changes to local government in Northamptonshire. These changes, implemented on 1 April 2021, saw the existing county council and district councils abolished and two new unitary authorities created in their place.[41] One unitary authority, West Northamptonshire, consists of the former districts of Daventry, Northampton and South Northamptonshire; the other, North Northamptonshire, consists of the former East Northamptonshire district and the former boroughs of Corby, Kettering and Wellingborough.[42]
National representation
Northamptonshire returns seven Members of Parliament (MPs). As of 2024[update], six are currently from the Conservative Party and one from the Labour Party.[43] Several of the constituencies have been marginal in the past, including the Northampton seats, Wellingborough, Kettering, and Corby, which were all Labour seats before 2005. In the 2016 EU referendum, all of the Northamptonshire districts voted to Leave, most by a significant margin.
Constituency | Member of Parliament | Political party |
---|---|---|
Corby | Tom Pursglove | Conservative |
Daventry | Chris Heaton-Harris | Conservative |
Kettering | Philip Hollobone | Conservative |
Northampton North | Michael Ellis | Conservative |
Northampton South | Andrew Lewer | Conservative |
South Northamptonshire | Andrea Leadsom | Conservative |
Wellingborough | Gen Kitchen | Labour |
From 1993 until 2005, Northamptonshire County Council,
Economy
Historically, Northamptonshire's main industry was manufacturing of boots and shoes.
This is a chart of trend of the regional gross value added of Northamptonshire at current basic prices in millions of British Pounds Sterling (correct on 21 December 2005):[53]
Year | Regional Gross Value Added[54] | Agriculture[55] | Industry[56] | Services[57] |
---|---|---|---|---|
1995 | 7,139 | 112 | 2,157 | 3,870 |
2000 | 9,743 | 79 | 3,035 | 6,630 |
2003 | 10,901 | 90 | 3,260 | 7,551 |
The region of Northamptonshire,
International motor racing takes place at Silverstone Circuit[64] and, formerly, Rockingham Motor Speedway;[65] Santa Pod Raceway is just over the border in Bedfordshire but has a Northamptonshire postcode.[66] A study commissioned by Northamptonshire Enterprise Ltd (NEL) reported that Northamptonshire's motorsport sites attract more than 2.1 million visitors per year who spend a total of more than £131 million within the county.[67]
Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area
Northamptonshire forms part of the Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area which also includes Milton Keynes, Aylesbury Vale and Bedfordshire. This area has been identified as an area which is due to have tens of thousands additional homes built between 2010 and 2020. In North Northamptonshire (Boroughs of Corby, Kettering, Wellingborough and East Northants), over 52,000 homes are planned or newly built and 47,000 new jobs are also planned.[68] In West Northamptonshire (boroughs of Northampton, Daventry and South Northants), over 48,000 homes are planned or newly built and 37,000 new jobs are planned.[69] To oversee the planned developments, two urban regeneration companies have been created: North Northants Development Company (NNDC)[68] and the West Northamptonshire Development Corporation.[69] The NNDC launched a controversial[70] campaign called North Londonshire to attract people from London to the county.[71] There is also a county-wide tourism campaign with the slogan Northamptonshire, Let yourself grow.[72]
Education
Schools
Northamptonshire County Council previously operated a comprehensive system of state-funded secondary schools.[73] From May 2021 compulsory education in the county is administered by North Northamptonshire Council and West Northamptonshire Council. The county is home to private schools Oundle, Quinton House School, Wellingborough School, Spratton Hall School, Northampton High School.
The county's music and performing arts trust provides peripatetic music teaching to schools. It also supports 15 local Saturday morning music and performing arts centres around the county and provides a range of county-level music groups.
Colleges
There are seven colleges across the county, with the
University
Northamptonshire has one university, the University of Northampton. It has two campuses 2.5 miles (4.0 km) apart and 10,000 students.[77] It offers courses for needs and interests from foundation and undergraduate level to postgraduate, professional and doctoral qualifications. Subjects include traditional arts, humanities and sciences subjects, as well as entrepreneurship, product design and advertising.[78]
Healthcare
Hospitals
The main acute National Health Service hospitals in Northamptonshire Northampton General Hospital, which also operates Danetre Hospital in Daventry, and Kettering General Hospital. In the south-west of the county, the towns of Brackley, Towcester and surrounding villages are serviced by the Horton General Hospital in Banbury in neighbouring Oxfordshire for acute medical needs. A similar arrangement is in place for the town of Oundle and nearby villages, served by Peterborough City Hospital.
In February 2011 a new satellite out-patient centre opened at Nene Park, Irthlingborough to provide over 40,000 appointments a year, as well as a minor injury unit to serve Eastern Northamptonshire. This was opened to relieve pressure off Kettering General Hospital, and has also replaced the dated Rushden Memorial Clinic which provided at the time about 8,000 appointments a year, when open.[79]
Water contamination
In June 2008, Anglian Water found traces of Cryptosporidium in water supplies of Northamptonshire. The local reservoir at Pitsford was investigated and a European rabbit which had strayed into it,[80] causing the problem, was found. About 250,000 residents were affected;[81] by 14 July 2008, 13 cases of cryptosporidiosis attributed to water in Northampton had been reported.[82] Following the end of the investigation, Anglian Water lifted its boil notice for all affected areas on 4 July 2008.[83] Anglian Water revealed that it would pay up to £30 per household as compensation for customers hit by the water crisis.[84]
Transport
The gap in the hills at Watford Gap meant that many south-east to north-west routes passed through Northamptonshire. Watling Street, a Roman Road which is now part of the A5, passes through here, as did canals, railways and major roads in later years.
Roads
Major national roads, including the M1 motorway (London to Leeds) and the A14 (Rugby to Felixstowe), provide Northamptonshire with transport links both north–south and east–west. The A43 joins the M1 to the M40 motorway, passing through the south of the county to the junction west of Brackley, and the A45 links Northampton with Wellingborough and Peterborough.
The county road network (excluding trunk roads and motorways), managed by West Northamptonshire Council and North Northamptonshire Council, includes the
Rivers and canals
Two major canals – the
A branch of the Grand Union Canal connects to the River Nene in Northampton and has been upgraded to a 'wide canal' in places and is known as the Nene Navigation. It is famous for its guillotine locks.
Railways
Two trunk railway routes, the
Before
- Corby rail history
Corby was described as the largest town in Britain without a railway station.[85] The railway running through the town from Kettering to Oakham in Rutland was previously used only by freight traffic and occasional diverted passenger trains that did not stop at the station. The line through Corby was once part of a main line to Nottingham through Melton Mowbray, but the stretch between Melton and Nottingham was closed in 1968. In the 1980s, an experimental passenger shuttle service ran between Corby and Kettering but was withdrawn a few years later.[86] On 23 February 2009, a new railway station opened, providing direct hourly access to London St Pancras. Following the opening of Corby Station, Rushden then became the largest town in the United Kingdom without a direct railway station. As of 2023, Corby is served by two regular EMR services per hour to London St Pancras International, branded as the Luton Airport Express and EMR Connect.
- Closed lines and stations
Railway services in Northamptonshire were reduced by the
As early as 1897, Northamptonshire would have had its own Channel Tunnel rail link with the creation of the Great Central Railway, which was intended to connect to a tunnel under the English Channel. Although the complete project never came to fruition, the rail link through Northamptonshire was constructed, and had stations at Charwelton, Woodford Halse, Helmdon and Brackley. It became part of the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923 (and of British Railways in 1948) before its closure in 1966.[citation needed]
- Future
In June 2009, the
The Rushden Historical Transport Society, operators of the Rushden, Higham and Wellingborough Railway, would like to see the railway fully reopen between Wellingborough and Higham Ferrers.
The route of the planned High Speed 2 railway line (between London and Birmingham) will go through the southern part of the county but without any stations.[citation needed]
Buses
Most buses are operated by Stagecoach Midlands. Some town area routes have been named the Corby Star, Connect Kettering, Connect Wellingborough and Daventry Dart; the last three of these routes have route designations that include a letter (such as A, D1, W1, W2). Stagecoach's X4 route provides interurban links across the county, running between Northampton, Wellingborough, Kettering, Corby, Oundle and Peterborough. Uno and Centrebus also run services within the county,
Airports
Sywell Aerodrome, on the edge of Sywell village, has three grass runways and one concrete all-weather runway. It is, however, only 1000 metres long and therefore cannot be served by passenger jets.[89]
Northamptonshire is served predominantly by London Luton Airport in neighbouring Bedfordshire, which can be directly accessed by train every 30 minutes from Corby, Kettering and Wellingborough. London Stansted Airport in neighbouring is around 40 miles away and can be accessed by car but does not feature a direct rail connection from anywhere in the county.
Further afield, Northamptonshire is also within reach of Birmingham Airport and East Midlands Airport, both of which are around 45 miles away and can be accessed by direct trains from various stations within the county.
Media
Newspapers
The two main newspapers in the county are the Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph and the Northampton Chronicle & Echo.[citation needed]
Television
- BBC regions
Most of Northamptonshire is served by the
- ITV regions
Most of Northamptonshire is covered by
Radio
There are three commercial radio stations in the county. The former Kettering and Corby Broadcasting Company (KCBC) station was called Connect Radio (97.2 and 107.4 MHz FM), following a merger with the Wellingborough-based station of the same name. It is now part of Smooth East Midlands. While both Heart East (96.6 MHz FM) and AM station Gold (1557 kHz) air very little local content as they form part of a national network. National digital radio is also available in Northamptonshire, though coverage is limited.[citation needed]
Corby is served by its own dedicated station, Corby Radio (96.3 FM), based in the town and focused on local content.[90]
Sport
Rugby union
Northamptonshire has many
Association football
Northamptonshire has twenty four
Northampton Town F.C.
The only fully-professional
Other clubs
The county also a number of semi-professional sides that compete in levels 6 to 8 of the
Cricket
Northamptonshire County Cricket Club is in Division Two of the County Championship; the team (also known as The Steelbacks) play their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Northampton. They finished as runners-up in the Championship on four occasions in the period before it split into two divisions.
In 2013 the club won the
Motor sport
Two Formula One teams are based in Northamptonshire, with Mercedes at Brackley and Aston Martin in Silverstone. Aston Martin also have a secondary facility in Brackley, while Mercedes build engines for themselves, Aston Martin, McLaren and Williams at Brixworth. Cosworth, the high-performance engineering company, is based in Northampton.
Swimming and diving
There are seven competitive swimming clubs in the county: Northampton Swimming Club, Wellingborough Amateur Swimming Club, Rushden Swimming Club, Kettering Amateur Swimming Club, Corby Amateur Swimming Club, Daventry Dolphins Swimming Club, and Nene Valley Swimming Club. There is also one diving club: Corby Steel Diving Club. The main pool in the county is Corby East Midlands International Pool, which has an 8-lane 50m swimming pool with a floor that can adjust in depth to provide a 25m pool. The pool is home to the Northamptonshire Amateur Association's County Championships as well as some of the Youth Midland Championships.[95][96]
Northamptonshire is home to 2016 paralympian Ellie Robinson. She was talent-spotted in July 2012 and developed at Northampton Swimming Club, and was selected to compete for Great Britain at the 2016 IPC Swimming European Championships. She won there three bronze medals, and one silver medal.[97]
Culture
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2010) |
Jane Austen set her 1814 novel Mansfield Park mostly in Northamptonshire.
Melrose Plant, a prominent secondary protagonist in the Richard Jury series of mystery novels by Martha Grimes, resides in Northamptonshire, and much of the action in the books takes place there.
Kinky Boots, the 2005 British-American film and subsequent stage musical adaptation, was based on the true story of a traditional Northamptonshire shoe factory which, to stay afloat, entered the market for fetish footwear.
Rock and pop bands originating in the area have included
Northampton is the birthplace of composer Malcolm Arnold (born 21 October 1921) and of actor Marc Warren (born 20 March 1967).
Places of interest
Key | |
Abbey/Priory/Cathedral | |
Accessible open space | |
Amusement/Theme Park | |
Castle | |
Country Park | |
English Heritage | |
Forestry Commission | |
Heritage railway | |
Historic House
| |
Places of Worship | |
Museum (free/not free) | |
National Trust
| |
Theatre | |
Zoo |
- 78 Derngate
- Althorp
- Apethorpe Palace
- Barnwell Country Park
- Barnwell Manor
- Billing Aquadrome
- Borough Hill Daventry (Iron Age hill fort)
- Boughton House (home of the Dukes of Buccleuch)
- Blisworth tunnel
- Brackley
- Brampton Valley Way (linear park on a disused railway line)
- Brixworth Country Park
- Burghley House (in the Soke of Peterborough, so formerly in Northants),
- Canons Ashby House
- Castle Ashby (home of the Marquess of Northampton),
- Coton Manor Garden
- Cottesbrooke Hall
- Daventry Country Park
- Deene Park
- Delapré Abbey
- Derngateand Royal Theatre
- Drayton House
- Easton Neston
- Fermyn Woods Country Park
- Fotheringhay Castle & Church
- Franklin's Gardens
- Geddington's Eleanor cross
- Holdenby House
- long-distance footpath)
- Kelmarsh Hall
- Kirby Hall
- Knuston Hall
- Lamport Hall
- Lilford Hall
- Lyveden New Bield
- Pitsford Reservoir
- Prebendal Manor House, Nassington
- Naseby Field
- Northampton Cathedral
- Northamptonshire Ironstone Railway
- Roadmender - live music venue
- Piddington Roman Villa
- Rockingham Castle
- Rockingham Forest
- Rockingham Motor Speedway
- Rushden Hall
- Rushden, Higham and Wellingborough Railway
- Rushden Station Railway Museum
- Rushton Triangular Lodge
- Salcey Forest
- Silverstone Circuit
- Sulgrave Manor
- Summer Leys nature reserve
- Syresham
- Sywell Country Park
- The Castle Theatre
- Towcester Museum
- Watford Locks
- Wellingborough Museum
- Whittlewood Forest
- Wicksteed Park
Annual events
- Gretton Barn dance
- British Grand Prix at Silverstone
- Burghley Horse Trials
- Crick Boat Show
- Hollowell Steam Rally
- Northampton Balloon Festival
- Rothwell Fair
- Rushden Cavalcade
- St Crispin Street Fair
- Wellingborough Carnival
- World Conker Championships
- Buckby Feast
- Corby Highland Gathering
See also
- Custos Rotulorum of Northamptonshire - list of Keepers of the Rolls
- Grade I listed buildings in Northamptonshire
- High Sheriff of Northamptonshire
- History of Northamptonshire
- List of places in Northamptonshire
- Lord Lieutenant of Northamptonshire
- Northamptonshire (UK Parliament constituency) - historical list of MPs for the Northamptonshire constituency
- Northamptonshire Police
- Northamptonshire Police and Crime Commissioner
- Category:People from Northamptonshire
Notes
- ^ "HM Lord-Lieutenant of Northamptonshire". Northamptonshire County Council. Archived from the original on 13 May 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
- ^ "No. 62943". The London Gazette. 13 March 2020. p. 5161.
- ^ "Northamptonshire". collinsdictionary.com. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Northamptonshire". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary.
- ^ "Northamptonshire | England, UK History & Facts". Britannica. 13 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 768–770. .
- ^ Greenall 1979, p. 19.
- ^ a b c d Greenall 1979, p. 20.
- ^ BBC - History - Tribes of Britain. Retrieved 16 August 2009. Archived 25 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Greenall 1979, p. 29.
- ISBN 0-563-52274-7.
- ISBN 0-19-280074-4
- ^ "Rockingham Castle - Rockingham Castle, a home of history, Weddings, Corporate events and the Rockingham International Horse Trials". Rockinghamcastle.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ Stearns, Peter N., Langer. William L. The Encyclopedia of world history: ancient, medieval, and modern[permanent dead link]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ Mott, Allan. BBC - Cambridgeshire - History: Mary Queen of Scots' last days Archived 13 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Bbc.co.uk, Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ Edmonds. 1848. Notes on English history for the use of juvenile pupils. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ The Writings of George Washington: Life of Washington. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
- ^ GENUKI: Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887 Archived 12 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Kellner.eclipse.co.uk, 11 August 2008. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
- Brookes, R., Whittaker, W.B. The General Gazetteer, or, Compendious geographical dictionary, in miniature. 1823. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
- ^ Malte-Brun, C. Universal geography: or, A description of all parts of the world. 1832. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
- ^ Andrews, R., Teller, M. The Rough Guide to Britain 2004. Rough Guides. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
- ^ University of Kentucky Genealogy Archives: Northamptonshire Archived 16 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine, accessed February 2019.
- ^ "English Partnerships - Corby". 23 June 2004. Archived from the original on 23 June 2004. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ "English Partnerships - Northampton". 12 December 2004. Archived from the original on 12 December 2004. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ "Northamptonshire Chamber :: Milton Keynes & South Midlands Growth Plan". 7 December 2009. Archived from the original on 7 December 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "Peterborough Diocesan Registry". Peterboroughdiocesanregistry.co.uk. Archived from the original on 6 February 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ The Huntingdon and Peterborough Order 1964 (SI 1964/367), see Local Government Commission for England (1958–1967), Report and Proposals for the East Midlands General Review Area (Report No.3), 31 July 1961 and Report and Proposals for the Lincolnshire and East Anglia General Review Area (Report No.9), 7 May 1965
- ^ The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972 (SI 1972/2039) Part 5: County of Cambridgeshire
- ^ Annual Report of the Local Government Board. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1880. p. 501. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
- ^ Local Government Act 1888
- ^ "Official information on visiting and holidaying in Northamptonshire". Archived from the original on 12 March 2007. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
- ^ UK Genealogy Archives: Transcript from Pigot & Co's Commercial Directory, 1830 Archived 2 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- ^ Bathurst 2012, pp. 56–59.
- ^ Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887 Archived 12 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- ^ "Lincolnshire County Council". Thebythams.org.uk. 24 October 2005. Archived from the original on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 25 September 2010.
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References
- Bathurst, David (2012). Walking the county high points of England. Chichester: Summersdale, England. ISBN 978-1-84-953239-6.
- Greenall, R.L. (1979). A History of Northamptonshire. Bognor Regis, England: Phillimore & Co. Ltd. ISBN 1-86077-147-5..
External links
- Northamptonshire History Website Archived 10 April 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- Former Northamptonshire County Council website, Archived 21 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine