Streblidae
| Streblidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Mastoptera guimaraesi | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Superfamily: | Hippoboscoidea |
| Family: | Streblidae Kolenati, 1863 |
| Subfamilies | |
| |
The Streblidae are a
ectoparasites of bats, and often have long legs. They appear to be host-specific, with different species
of bat flies occurring only on particular species of bat hosts, sometimes with multiple species of flies sharing a host bat.
Systematics
The 237 or so
monophyletic family containing all bat flies.[1]
Subfamilies are here listed in presumed order of most ancient to most recently
genera
are also given, sorted alphabetically, as too little is known about their interrelationships.
- Subfamily Brachytarsininae Speiser 1900 (sometimes Nycteriboscinae)
- Genus Brachytarsina Macquart, 1851
- Genus Megastrebla Maa, 1971
- Subgenus Aoroura
- Subgenus Megastrebla Maa, 1971
- Genus Raymondia Frauenfeld, 1855
- Genus Raymondiodes Jobling, 1954
- Subfamily Ascodipterinae Monticelli 1898
- Genus Ascodipteron Adensamer, 1896
- Genus Maabella Hastriter & Bush, 2006
- Genus Paraascodipteron Advani & Vazirani, 1981
- Subfamily Nycterophiliinae Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Nycterophilia Ferris, 1916
- Genus Phalconomus Wenzel, 1984
- Subfamily Streblinae Speiser, 1900
- Genus Anastrebla Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Metelasmus Coquillett, 1907
- Genus Paraeuctenodes Pessôa & Guimarães, 1937
- Genus Strebla Wiedemann, 1824
- Subfamily Trichobiinae Jobling, 1936
- Genus Anatrichobius Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Aspidoptera Coquillett, 1899
- Genus Eldunnia Curran, 1934
- Genus Exastinion Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Joblingia Dybas & Wenzel, 1947
- Genus Mastoptera Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Megistopoda Macquart, 1852
- Genus Megistapophysis Dick & Wenzel, 2006
- Genus Neotrichobius Wenzel & Aitken, 1966
- Genus Noctiliostrebla Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Paradyschiria Speiser, 1900
- Genus Parastrebla Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Paratrichobius Costa Lima, 1921
- Genus Pseudostrebla Costa Lima, 1921
- Genus Speiseria Kessel, 1925
- Genus Stizostrebla Jobling, 1939
- Genus Synthesiostrebla Townsend, 1913
- Genus Trichobioides Wenzel, 1966
- Genus Trichobius Gervais, 1844
- Genus Xenotrichobius Wenzel, 1976[2]
- Subfamily incertae sedis
- †Enischnomyia Poinar & Brown, 2012
Morphology
One of the characteristic feature of streblid bat flies is their variable degree of eye reduction. The compound eyes are highly, but variably reduced, with some species containing only rudimentary eye spots. Ocelli are absent in all species. Wing morphology also significantly varies within the family with some species containing fully functional wings, while others contain either reduced (non functional or functional) wings or no wings at all.
Parasites
Streblid bat flies, which are
References
- PMID 17583536.
- ^ Gustavo Graciolli; Carl W. Dick (22 October 2008). "Checklist of World Streblidae (DIPTERA: HIPPOBOSCOIDEA)" (PDF). The Field Museum: 7. Retrieved 18 September 2008.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - PMID 28222795.
- PMID 29633707.
Further reading
- Dick, C.W.; Gettinger, D. (2005). "A faunal survey of streblid flies (Diptera: Streblidae) associated with bats in Paraguay". Journal of Parasitology. 91 (5): 1015–1024. S2CID 24627459.
- Fritz, G.N. (1983). "Biology and ecology of bat flies (Diptera: Streblidae) on bats in the genus Carollia". Journal of Medical Entomology. 20 (1): 1–10. PMID 6827567.
- Gannon, M.R.; Willig, M.R. (1995). "Ecology of ectoparasites from tropical bats" (PDF). Environmental Entomology. 24 (6): 1495–1503. .
- Komeno, C.A.; Linhares, A.X. (1999). "Batflies parasitic on some phyllostomid bats in southeastern Brazil: parasitism rates and host-parasite relationships". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 94 (2): 151–156. PMID 10224519.
- Patterson, B.D.; Ballard, J.W.; Wenzel, R.L. (1998). "Distributional evidence for cospeciation between Neotropical bats and their bat fly ectoparasites". Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment. 33 (2): 76–84. .
- Wenzel, R.L. (1976). "The Streblid batflies of Venezuela (Diptera:Streblidae)". Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series). 20 (4): 1–177. .
- Wenzel, R.L. & Tipton, V.J. (eds.) (1966): Ectoparasites of Panama. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, USA.