Supply shock

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A supply shock is an event that suddenly increases or decreases the

equilibrium price of the good or service or the economy's general price level
.

In the short run, an economy-wide negative supply shock will shift the

1973 Oil Crisis is often used as the exemplar case of a supply shock, when OPEC
restrictions on production and sale of petroleum resulted in fuel shortages throughout the developed world.

In the short run, an economy-wide positive supply shock will shift the aggregate supply curve rightward, increasing output and decreasing the price level.

technology shock
) which makes production more efficient, thus increasing output.

Technical analysis

Negative supply shock. The initial position is at point A, producing output quantity Y1 at price level P1. When there is a supply shock, this has an adverse effect on aggregate supply: the supply curve shifts left (from AS1 to AS2), while the demand curve stays in the same position. The intersection of the supply and demand curves has now moved and the equilibrium is now point B; quantity has been reduced to Y2, while the price level has been increased to P2.

The slope of a demand curve determines how much the price level and output respond to the shock, with more inelastic demand (and hence a steeper demand curve) causing there to be a larger effect on the price level and a smaller effect on quantity.

See also

References

Bibliography

  • Czech, Brian, Supply Shock: Economic Growth at the Crossroads and the Steady State Solution, (Gabriola Island, Canada, 2013)