Thiruvasagam
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Thiruvasagam (
Legend has it that Manikkavasakar was appointed as minister by king Arimarttanar and sent to purchase 10,000 horses from horse traders[1] but spent the money building a temple in Tirupperunturai.
As the legend goes, Thiruvasagam is the only work which is signed as well as written by Shiva in guise of a Tamil man when narrated by Manikkavasagar. The poet chased the writer but without success but the palm leaf manuscript had been seen inside the locked sanctum sanctorum of Thillai Nataraja with the Lord's signature.
Poet
Tirupperunturai (Tamil: திருபெருந்துறை), also known as Avudayar Koil, is a Shiva temple where Thiruvasagam is believed to have been originated. Manikkavasagar is said to have converted the king to Shaivism and built the temple with money that had been intended for war-horses.[6]
Work
  | ||
|---|---|---|
| The twelve volumes of Tamil Śaiva hymns of the sixty-three Nayanars | ||
| Parts | Name | Author |
| 1,2,3 | Thirukadaikkappu | Sambandar |
| 4,5,6 | Thevaram | Thirunavukkarasar
|
| 7 | Thirupaatu | Sundarar |
| 8 | Thirukkovaiyar |
Manickavasagar
|
| 9 | Thiruvisaippa &Tiruppallaandu |
Various |
| 10 | Thirumandhiram |
Thirumular
|
| 11 | Various | |
| 12 | Periya Puranam | Sekkizhar
|
| Paadal Petra Sthalam | ||
| Paadal Petra Sthalam | ||
| Rajaraja I | ||
| Nambiyandar Nambi | ||
Most of the portions in Thiruvasagam is first sung in
Tiruvempavai
"Tiruvempavai" - the early morning wake up songs sung for Shiva on Tamil month Margali are part of Tiruvasakam. Tiruvempavai songs were composed in
In Thailand, an annual
Compilation
Translation works on Thiruvasagam
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There is a famous saying
" திருவாசகத்துக்கு உருகார் ஒரு வாசகத்திற்கும் உருகார்"
translating to "One who is not melted by Thiruvasagam cannot be melted by any vasagam (saying)".
G.U.Pope Translation
G.U.Pope translated Thiruvasagam.
Victory to the foot of the King, who soothed my soul's unrest and made me His !
Victory to the jewelled foot of Pinnagan, who severs continuity of birth !
Victory to the flower-foot of Him Who is far from those without !
Victory to the anklets of the King, rejoicing 'mid those that fold adoring hands !
Victory to the anklets of the glorious One, who uplifts those that bow the head ! (10)
And in places G.U.Pope mentions the difficulty about translating these Tamil poems to the proper meaning in English.He states, "Lines 66-95 are well nigh untranslateable, for they contain a subtle and intricate allegory, by means of which the grace of the manifested Shivan, who is praised under the title of the 'Cloud' is set forth. The idea is that the Infinite sea of rapturous supreme felicity is Civan, but - as the Cloud in the monsoon season sucks up water from the sea, and rises in black masses that cover the sky, while all the phenomena of the wonderful outburst of the beneficient, but also fearful, monsoon are exhibited - so does the Supreme manifest Himself as the Guru, the Object of Love, and Give of grace to His worshippers..."[19]
Other works
In 1921, an English translation of the hymns by
Noted Tamil film music composer
In culture
Ramalinga Swamigal (1823-1874 CE) is believed to have taken inspiration from Thiruvasagam for his devotional work.[9]
Portions of Thiruvasagam are also read out by the Chief Brahmin Priest of Thailand during the coronation ceremony of a new Thai King. The ancestors of the Brahmins of the Thai Royal Household are thought to have emigrated from Rameswaram to Thailand centuries back.[21]
List of temple revered in Thiruvasagam
| S.No. | Name of the temple | Location | Photo | Presiding deity | Notes/Beliefs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram | Chidambaram, Cuddalore district Tamil Nadu 11°23′58″N 79°41′36″E / 11.39944°N 79.69333°E |
 |
Sivakami and Natajar | Thillai Nataraja temple dedicated to Kovil) in Hinduism.[24] It is also a site for performance arts, including the annual Natyanjali dance festival on Maha Shivaratri.[25]
|
| 2 | Sattainathar Temple, Sirkazhi | Sirkazhi, Nagapattinam district Tamil Nadu 11°14′16.96″N 79°44′21.45″E / 11.2380444°N 79.7392917°E |
.jpg) |
Periyanayagi and Sattainathar | The temple has three levels with Bhramapureeswarar shrine in the lower level, Periyanakar with Periyanayaki on a Thoni in the second level and Sattainathar/Vatukanathar in the third level. Three different forms of Shiva are worshipped here, the Shivalingam (Bhrammapureeswarar), a colossal image of Uma Maheswarar (Toniappar) at the medium level, and |
| 3 | Annamalaiyar Temple
|
Tiruvannamalai, Tiruvannamalai district Tamil Nadu 12°13′54.76″N 79°03′59.83″E / 12.2318778°N 79.0666194°E |
 |
Unnamalaiyamman and Annamalaiyar | It is significant to the Hindu sect of Manikkavasagar composed the Tiruvempaavai here.[28]
|
| 4 | Vedagiriswarar temple
|
 |
Thirupurasundari and Vedagiriswarar | The word Thirukazhukundram comes from the Tamil words Thiru (Respectful), Kazhugu (Vulture/Eagle), Kundram (mount). It was known as "Thirukazhugukundram" in ancient times, which over time became Thirukazhukundram. The town is also known as Pakshi Theertham (Bird's Holy Lake) because of a pair of birds -Most likely Egyptian vultures- that are believed to have visited the site for centuries. These birds are traditionally fed by the temple priests and arrive before noon to feed on offerings made from rice, wheat, ghee and sugar.[29][30] | |
| 5 | Thyagaraja Temple, Tiruvarur | .jpg) |
Kamalambal and Thygarajar | The main idol of worship is Tyagarajar, depicted as a | |
| 6 | Mangalanathaswamy temple | Uthirakosamangai, Ramanathapuram district Tamil Nadu 09°18′57.14″N 78°44′15.04″E / 9.3158722°N 78.7375111°E |
 |
Mangalambigai and Mangaleswarar | Yali (mythological dragon), depicted with a rolling stone ball inside its mouth.
|
| 7 | Tirupperunturai | Avudaiyarkoil, Pudukkottai district Tamil Nadu 10°04′33.26″N 79°02′35.17″E / 10.0759056°N 79.0431028°E |
 |
Athmanadaswamy temple | One of the sacred books of |
Notes
- ISBN 9788125026327– via Google Books.
- ^ a b Subramaniyaswami 2003, p. 494
- ^ a b c Jones 2007, p. 276
- ^ a b Macnicol 1915, pp. 171-172
- ^ Macnicol 1915, p. 176
- ^ Das 1991, p. 574
- ^ a b Subramuniyaswami 2003, p. 840
- ^ a b c Macdonell 1994, p. 219
- ^ a b K.R. 2003, pp. 261-262
- ^ Ramachander, P. R. "Thiruvempavai, A Penance Observed By Unmarried Girls".
- ^ M. E. Manickavasagom Pillai (1986). Dravidian Influence in Thai Culture. Tamil University. p. 69.
- ISBN 978-81-7017-207-9.
- ^ Norman Cutler (1979). Consider Our Vow: Translation of Tiruppāvai and Tiruvempāvai Into English. Muttu Patippakam. p. 13.
- ^ a b c Culter 1987, p. 50
- ^ a b Cort 1998, p. 178
- ^ a b c Vasudevan 2003, pp. 109-110
- ^ Zvelebil 1974, p. 191
- ^ Macnicol 1915, pp. 173
- ^ a b Kalyanasundaram, K. "tiruvasagam - English translation of Rev.G.U. Pope -part I".
- ^ Kingsbury, F (1921). Hymns of the Tamil Saivite Saints (1921) (PDF). Oxford University Press. p. 132. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
- ^ Ramesh, Neeraja (8 November 2016). "Where Thai-brahms chant Tamil hymns". The Times of India. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
- ISBN 978-0-226-46754-2.
- ISBN 978-0-8160-7564-5.
- ISBN 978-0-8239-3179-8.
- ISBN 978-0-19-803934-1.
- ^ R. Nagasamy. "A New Pandya Record and the Dates of Nayanmars and Alvars". Tamil Arts Academy. Retrieved 9 July 2007.
- ISBN 978-1-74179-151-8
- ISBN 90-04-04190-7
- ^ Neelakantan, KK (1977). "The sacred birds of Thirukkalukundram". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 17 (4): 6.
- ^ Siromoney, Gift (1977). "The Neophron Vultures of Thirukkalukundram". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 17 (6): 1–4.
- ISBN 978-81-7950-707-0.
- ^ "Devotees throng temple at Uthirakosamangai". The Hindu. 3 January 2007. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
- ISBN 81-7201-006-0. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
- ISBN 0-521-52865-8. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
- ^ Tourist Guide to Tamil Nadu
- ^ V., Meena. Temples in South India. Kanniyakumari: Harikumar Arts. p. 18.
References
- Cort, John E. (1998). Open boundaries: Jain communities and culture in Indian history. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-3786-8.
- Cutler, Norman (1987). Songs of experience: the poetics of Tamil devotion. USA: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication-Data. ISBN 0-253-35334-3.
- Das, Sisir Kumar; Akademi, Sahitya (1991). A History of Indian Literature. Sahitya Akademi. p. 574. ISBN 81-7201-006-0. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
- K.R., Sundararajan; Bithika Mukerji (2003). Hindu spirituality: Postclassical and modern. Cross Road Publishing Company. ISBN 81-208-1937-3.
- Jones, Constance; James D. Ryan (2007), Encyclopedia of Hinduism, New York: Facts On File, Inc., ISBN 978-0-8160-5458-9.
- Macnicol, Satguru Nicol (1915), Indian theism: from the Vedic to the Muhammadan period, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780524011973.
- Macdonell, Arthur Anthony (1994), India's past: a survey of her literatures, religions, languages and antiquities, Asian Educational Services, ISBN 81-206-0570-5.
- Subramuniyaswami, Satguru Sivaya (2003), Dancing With Siva : Hinduism's Contemporary Catechism, Himalayan Academy, ISBN 0-945497-89-X.
- Vasudevan, Geetha (2003), The royal temple of Rajaraja: an instrument of imperial Cola power, New Delhi: Abhinav Publications, ISBN 81-7017-383-3
- ISBN 3-447-01582-9.