Tin(II) bromide
![]() part of an (SnBr2)∞ chain in the solid state[1]
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Names | |
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Other names
tin dibromide, stannous bromide
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Identifiers | |
3D model (
JSmol ) |
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ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard
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100.030.067 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
SnBr2 | |
Molar mass | 278.518 g/mol |
Appearance | yellow powder |
Density | 5.12 g/cm3, solid |
Melting point | 215 °C (419 °F; 488 K) |
Boiling point | 639 °C (1,182 °F; 912 K) |
Structure | |
related to PbCl2 | |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling:[2] | |
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Danger | |
H314 | |
P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Tin(II) bromide is a chemical compound of
Structure and bonding
In the gas phase SnBr2 is non-linear with a bent configuration similar to SnCl2 in the gas phase. The Br-Sn-Br angle is 95° and the Sn-Br bond length is 255pm.[4] There is evidence of dimerisation in the gaseous phase.[5] The solid state structure is related to that of SnCl2 and PbCl2 and the tin atoms have five near bromine atom neighbours in an approximately trigonal bipyramidal configuration.[6] Two polymorphs exist: a room-temperature orthorhombic polymorph, and a high-temperature hexagonal polymorph. Both contain (SnBr2)∞ chains but the packing arrangement differs.[1]
Preparation
Tin(II) bromide can be prepared by the reaction of metallic tin and HBr distilling off the H2O/HBr and cooling:[9]
- Sn + 2 HBr → SnBr2 + H2
However, the reaction will produce tin (IV) bromide in the presence of oxygen.
Reactions
SnBr2 is soluble in donor solvents such as
A number of hydrates are known, 2SnBr2·H2O, 3SnBr2·H2O & 6SnBr2·5H2O which in the solid phase have tin coordinated by a distorted trigonal prism of 6 bromine atoms with Br or H2O capping 1 or 2 faces.[3] When dissolved in HBr the pyramidal SnBr3− ion is formed.[3] Like SnCl2 it is a reducing agent. With a variety of alkyl bromides oxidative addition can occur to yield the alkyltin tribromide[10] e.g.
- SnBr2 + RBr → RSnBr3
Tin(II) bromide can act as a
References
- ^ .
- ^ "Tin(II) bromide". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ISBN 0-471-93620-0
- .
- .
- ^ "ICSD Entry: 429132". Cambridge Structural Database: Access Structures. Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
- ^ "ICSD Entry: 429133". Cambridge Structural Database: Access Structures. Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
- ^ ISBN 0-471-19957-5
- hdl:1874/15985.
- .
- .