Trichosanthes cucumerina
Snake gourd | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Cucurbitales |
Family: | Cucurbitaceae |
Genus: | Trichosanthes |
Species: | T. cucumerina
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Binomial name | |
Trichosanthes cucumerina | |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Trichosanthes cucumerina is a
Trichosanthes cucumerina is found in the wild across much of
Formerly, the cultivated form was considered a distinct species, T. anguina, but it is now generally regarded as
- Trichosanthes cucumerina var. anguina (L.) Haines – cultivated variant
- Trichosanthes cucumerina var. cucumerina – wild variant
Description
Trichosanthes cucumerina is a
The related Japanese snake gourd (Trichosanthes pilosa, sometimes called T. ovigera or T. cucumeroides), very similar in vegetative morphology, but the fruit of T. pilosa is round to egg-shaped, only about 7 cm long.[10]
Uses
Culinary
The common name "snake gourd" refers to the narrow, twisted, elongated fruit. The soft-skinned immature fruit can reach up to 150 cm (59 in) in length. It is soft, bland, somewhat mucilaginous flesh is similar to that of the luffa and the calabash. It is popular in the cuisines of South Asia and Southeast Asia and is now grown in some home gardens in Africa. With some cultivars, the immature fruit has an unpleasant odor and a slightly bitter taste, both of which disappear in cooking. The fruit becomes too bitter to eat as it reaches maturity, but it does contain a reddish pulp that is used in Africa as a substitute for tomatoes.[9][11] The shoots, tendrils and leaves are also eaten as greens.
Gallery
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The lace-like flower of T. cucumerina opens only after dark. Here, it is shown almost completely unfurled.
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In the process of unfurling its fimbriate petals.
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An edible immature snake gourd.
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It twists and becomes orange-red while elongated and ripened.
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Different maturity stages and shapes as seen in cultivation.
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Flower and flower buds.
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Snake gourd semilooper Anadevidia peponis larva, a major pest of T. cucumerina
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Freshly harvested snake gourd from India.
See also
- Trichosanthes kirilowii, Chinese snake gourd[note 2]
- Trichosanthes ovigera, Japanese snake gourd[note 3]
- Lagenaria siceraria, some of its immature edible cultivars can be found as "snake gourds", not the preferred name.[note 4]
- Trichosanthes dioica, Pointed gourd or Parwal, also edible when immature.
Notes
- ^ Robinson and Decker-Walters (1997[3]) p. 203-206: "Snake gourd" preferred name for Trichosanthes cucumerina, and Trichosanthes cucumerina preferred definition for "snake gourd".
- ^ Robinson and Decker-Walters (1997[3]) p. 203-206: "Chinese snake gourd" preferred name for Trichosanthes kirilowii, and Trichosanthes kirilowii preferred definition for "chinese snake gourd".
- Trichosanthes ovigera, and Trichosanthes ovigera preferred definition for "japanese snake gourd".
- ^ Decker-Walters (1996[12]): "Gourd - Lagenaria. (...) Longissima (Baton, Long Club, Italian Edible, Cucuzzi, Cucuzzi Caravazzi, Snake, Flute, Serpent) - Vendor: Vilmorin. Characteristics: similar to Hercules Club but longer, edible at 1' long x 2" diameter but will grow to 6' long; from Italy. Similar: Hercules Club. 1885"
References
- ^ a b c The Plant List, Trichosanthes cucumerina
- ^ Kew Gardens. Snake gourd Trichosanthes cucumerina var. anguina. http://www.kew.org/support-kew/adopt-a-seed/trichosanthes-cucumerina-var-anguina.htm
- ^ a b c Robinson RW and DS Decker-Walters. 1997. Appendix: Common Cucurbit Names and their Scientific Equivalents. in: Cucurbits. CAB International, USA.
- ^ a b c d e f Martins, Chukwuebuka (2023-07-12). "Top 8 Health Benefits Of Snake Gourd (Snake Tomato)". Retrieved 2023-07-12.
- ^ a b Flora of China v 19 p 38, Trichosanthes cucumerina
- ^ Florabase, the Western Australia Flora, Trichosanthes cucumerina
- ^ Coopper, Wendy E., & Hugo J. DeBoer. 2011. A taxonomic revision of Trichosanthes L. (Cucurbitaceae) in Australia, including one new species from Northern Territory. Austrobaileya 8:364-386.
- ^ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plants Profile, Trichosanthes cucumerina, snakegourd
- ^ a b Prota 2, Vegetables/Légumes, Trichosanthes cucumerina L.
- ^ Flora of China v 19 p 45, Trichosanthes cucumeroides
- ^ Kew Gardens Millennium Seed Bank, the weird and wonderful snake gourd Archived 2013-10-14 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ DS Decker-Walters (ed., 1996-2010) Vegetable Cultivar Descriptions for North America. Gourd - Lagenaria, Lists 1-26 Combined. In: Cucurbit Breeding. Horticultural Science.