Triticum turgidum
Triticum turgidum | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Monocots |
Clade: | Commelinids |
Order: | Poales |
Family: | Poaceae |
Subfamily: | Pooideae |
Genus: | Triticum |
Species: | T. turgidum
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Binomial name | |
Triticum turgidum | |
Synonyms[1] | |
List
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Triticum turgidum, (with its various subspecies being known as pasta wheat, macaroni wheat and durum wheat) is a species of
Taxonomy
It was first published and described by Carl Linnaeus in his book Species Plantarum on page 86 in 1753. Known as Rivet wheat.[2][3]
Distribution
It is native to the countries of Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon,
It has been introduced into many places including; within Europe (Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Corsica, Crete, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, East Aegean Islands, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Madeira, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and Yugoslavia). Africa (in Algeria, Canary Islands, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Mauritania, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia and Zimbabwe). Central Asia (Afghanistan, Libya, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Turkey, West Himalaya and Yemen). Parts of Russia (Central European Russia, Crimea, East European Russia, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, South European Russia and West Siberia). Asia (Assam, Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, Pakistan and Tibet). Also parts of America (within Alberta (Canada), Honduras (South America), Manitoba (Canada), Mexico (northeast and northwestern), New York (USA), Ontario and Saskatchewan (Canada)).[1]
Accepted subspecies
There are 8 subspecies as accepted by Plants of the World Online;[1]
- Triticum turgidum subsp. carthlicum (Nevski) Á.Löve
- Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides (Asch. & Graebn.) Thell.
- Tritium turgidum subsp. dicoccum (Schrank ex Schübl.) Thell. (Emmer)
- Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn. (Durum wheat)
- Triticum turgidum subsp. georgicum (Dekapr. & Menabde) Mackey ex Hanelt
- Triticum turgidum subsp. polonicum (L.) Thell.
- Triticum turgidum subsp. turanicum (Jakubz.) Á.Löve (Khurasan Wheat)[4]
- Triticum turgidum subsp. turgidum
Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides is thought to be the wild progenitor of cultivated
Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (2n = 28, AABB) is the most commonly cultivated form of
Triticum turgidum subsp. turanicum is usually ground into a flour and used as a cereal for making bread, biscuits etc.[4][8]
References
- ^ a b c d "Triticum turgidum L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
- The Linnean Society of London: 65–80.
- ^ "Triticum turgidum L. rivet wheat". Retrieved 5 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Triticum turgidum turanicum Khurasan Wheat PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
- ^ Nevo, E. (1992). "Origin, evolution, population genetics and resources for breeding of wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, in the Fertile Crescent.". In Shewry, P. R. (ed.). Barley: genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology. Oxford.: C.A.B. International, the Alden Press. pp. 19–43.
- ^ Faostat, F. (2016). FAOSTAT statistical database. Rome: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations).
- PMC 3645677.
- ISBN 0-9628087-0-9.