Trochetia
| Trochetia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Trochetia blackburniana | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Subfamily: | Dombeyoideae |
| Genus: | Trochetia DC , 1823
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| Species | |
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Trochetia blackburniana | |
Trochetia is a genus of flowering plants from the family Malvaceae (formerly in the Sterculiaceae, but this family is now usually subsumed in the Malvaceae). They are endemic to the Mascarene Islands.
The genus was first described by
Description and ecology
The genus Trochetia consists of scrubs or small trees, which can reach a height from two to eight metres. The hermaphroditic flowers are either white (T. triflora), pink (T. parviflora), or reddish orange (T. boutoniana). They are either single-standing, or grow in a cluster of three flowers. Some species have bell-shaped petals. All plants of this genus are imperiled due to the competition of invasive species, like the guavas from China but also by destruction caused by introduced monkeys and rats. Five species occur on Mauritius and one on La Reunion. The habitat consists of humid forests with a high annual rainfall or mountainous slopes which are directed windwards.
Pollination
Plants from the genus Trochetia belong to the few plants worldwide that can produce coloured
The main pollinators of today are the Mauritius olive white-eye (Zosterops chloronothos) and the Mauritius grey white-eye (Zosterops mauritianus), introduced honey bees, or geckos from the genus Phelsuma.
Recent research has shown that in the absence of the locally extinct Mauritius olive white-eye, Trochetia blackburniana's main pollinator in the area of Le Pétrin is the blue-tailed day gecko (Phelsuma cepediana). the pollination efficiency of these geckos depend on the proximity to dense patches of Pandanus, which are a favourite microhabitat for the geckos - possibly because the spiky leaves of Pandanus protect them from their main predator, the Mauritius kestrel (Falco punctatus).[2]
Species
Six species belong to that genus. Some authorities have classified much more species but these are either in doubt or synonyms of other plants. The similar
The following species are generally accepted:
- Trochetia parviflora - an extremely rare tree (with about 63 individuals). Discovered in 1794. Thought to be extinct in 1863 and rediscovered on the slopes of Corps de Garde, Mauritius in 2001 by a team from the Mauritius herbarium.
- Trochetia boutoniana (native name: Boucle d'Oreille (in English: Earring tree) because of its bell-shaped look) is the national flower of Mauritius since 1992. It was named after French botanist Louis Bouton. The only occurrence are the slopes of Le Morne Brabant, Mauritius. The flowering time is from June to October.
- Trochetia uniflora - Occurrence: Trois Mamelles, Le Pouce, and Letard Mountains in the west of Mauritius. Flowering time: May to June
- Trochetia triflora - Occurrence: Trou aux Cerfs in the central, Grand Bassin, Piton Savanne, and Little Black River peak in the south-west of Mauritius. Flowering time: April to July
- Trochetia blackburniana - Occurrence: several places on Mauritius, most common species of that genus. Flowering time: April to May
- Trochetia granulata - Occurrence: Réunion
Footnotes
References
- Baker, J.G. (1877): Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles: A Description of the Flowering Plants. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 81-206-1427-5(1999 reprint)
- Cao, Nathanaël; Le Pechon, Timothée & Zaragüeta-Bagils, René (2006): Does minimizing homoplasy really maximize homology? MaHo: A method for evaluating homology among most parsimonious trees. (HTML abstract)
- Friedmann, F. (1987): 53. Sterculiacées. In: Bosser, J.; Cadet, T.; Guého, J. & Marais, W. (eds.): Flore des Mascareignes: 1-50. The Sugar Industry Research Institute, Réduit, Mauritius.
- Hansen, D.M.; Beer, K. & Müller, C.B. (2006): Mauritian coloured nectar no longer a mystery: a visual signal for lizard pollinators.
- Marais, W. (1981): Trochetiopsis (Sterculiaceae), a new genus from St Helena. Kew Bulletin 36(3): 645–646. HTML abstract
- Olesen, Jens M.; Rønsted, Nina; Tolderlund, Ulrik; Cornett, Claus; Mølgaard, Per; Madsen, Jørn;