Villarrica, Chile
Villarrica | |
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UTC−3 (CLST) | |
postal code | 493 0000 (assigned but not in use as of 2006) |
Area code | country + city = 56 + 45 |
Website | www |
postal code precedes City name, e.g. 493 0000 Villarrica |
Villarrica is a
Tourism, grain and dairy farming, and forestry are the main economic activities of the community. The climate is mild and humid with the greatest rainfall experienced between May and July (autumn and winter). The dry season is between December and February (Summer).
Other lakes found nearby include Calafquén, Caburgua, Huilipilún and Colico. In the summer water sports and sunbathing are popular activities in the warm temperatures experienced at the low altitudes ranging from 200 to 500m above sea level.
Fishing and rafting are popular activities in the various rivers in the area, which include the
Villarrica National Park is 36 km (22 mi) away, and was created to preserve the natural beauty of the volcano. The area is noted for using wood as its principal building material.
History
Villarrica was founded as Santa María Magdalena de la Villa Rica (Saint Mary Magdalene of Richville) in 1552 by Jerónimo de Alderete. The site of foundation was likely near that of present-day Pucón.[4] During its early years Villarrica was an important gold and silver mining centre.[4] However mining activity declined likely as consequence of burial of placer deposits beneath lahars of Villarrica Volcano. This burial would have prompted settlers to move the city westward to its modern site, a place less prone to volcanic hazards.[4] Gold mined in Villarrica was known, together with gold from Osorno and other localities, as "gold from Valdivia" (Spanish: oro de Valdivia) as the mint where gold was sent was in that city.[5]
Abandoned after his death in 1554, it was refounded five years later by García Hurtado de Mendoza. It grew into a small city, despite suffering destruction by a great earthquake on December 16, 1575. It had opened communications with Buenos Aires in its last years.
Following the
The city was refounded on the site of the old city in the 1880s during the occupation of Araucanía. The population in 2002 was 45,531. Population growth and economic development has increased, due to a global reputation as a tourist destination for nature lovers, summer recreation and winter sports enthusiasts. [citation needed]
After the city's refounding, the Chilean government established a land sale program to encourage settlement and invited European, esp. Swiss, German and Austrian immigrants in the last half of the 19th century to populate an area.
Demographics
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Villarrica spans an area of 1,291.1 km2 (498 sq mi) and has 45,531 inhabitants (22,694 men and 22,837 women). Of these, 30,859 (67.8%) lived in urban areas and 14,672 (32.2%) in rural areas. The population grew by 26.9% (9,664 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[3]
Administration
As a commune, Villarrica is a third-level
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Villarrica is part of the 23rd District in the Chamber of Deputies (Araucanía South). The commune is represented in the Senate as part of the Araucanía Senate Constituency.
Notable people
- Quiñolef, a mapuche cacique
References
- ^ a b "Asociación Chilena de Municipalidades" (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 February 2011.
- ^ a b "Municipality of Villarrica" (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 February 2011.
- ^ a b c d "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 December 2010.
- ^ ISBN 978-84-95938-32-9.
- .
- Microsoft Encarta 2007.
- Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga y Cienfuegos, Diccionario geográfico de la República de Chile, D. Appleton Y Compania, Nueva York, 1899 Original from Harvard University, Digitized May 22, 2007