Visayan hornbill

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Visayan hornbill
Pair at Avifauna in Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands.
CITES Appendix II (CITES)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Bucerotiformes
Family: Bucerotidae
Genus: Penelopides
Species:
P. panini
Binomial name
Penelopides panini
(Boddaert, 1783)

The Visayan hornbill (Penelopides panini) is a

tarictic hornbills as subspecies, in which case the common name
of the 'combined species' was shortened to tarictic hornbill.

Taxonomy

The Visayan hornbill was described by the French polymath

Visayan Islands
. These are located in the central part of the Philippines and include the island of Panay.

Two subspecies are recognized:[8]

Description

Detail of male's head

The adults show

coverts, and a creamy-white buff tail with a broad black tip. The bill and casque are blackish; the former with yellowish ridges. The bare ocular skin is pinkish-white. The tail and bill of the female resemble that of the male, but otherwise the plumage
of the female is black, and the ocular skin is blue.

Diet and behavior

Visayan hornbills live in groups and frequent the canopy of rainforests. These birds are noisy and emit an incessant sound that sounds like ta-rik-tik, hence the name. Despite their noise they are difficult to find, being well camouflaged by the dense

foliage
.

The principal food of Visayan hornbill is fruit. It also eats insects, beetles, ants and earthworms (rarely).

Conservation

Panay
, Philippines.

This is a highly endangered species. The total population is estimated at 1800 individuals. There has been a heavy decline in population due to

extinct. If confirmed, this is the first taxon of hornbill to go extinct in recorded history; many other taxa in the family are now at risk.[citation needed
]

Captivity

This species has just been imported from Panay in the Philippines by Chester Zoo, England. There are two pairs at Chester, and two pairs at Avifauna in the Netherlands, amongst other collections.

In the past, the Los Angeles Zoo has bred this species, but it is not known whether these birds were pure Penelopides panini panini, so it may not be the first captive breeding of this species; that title may go to a breeding centre on Panay, where Chester's birds came from. The Chester zoo has bred this species.[citation needed]

References

  1. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22682494A184683355.en
    . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc de (1780). "Le calao de l'Isle Panay". Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux (in French). Vol. 13. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. pp. 215–217.
  4. Daubenton, Louis-Jean-Marie (1765–1783). "Calao, de l'Isle Panay"
    . Planches Enluminées D'Histoire Naturelle. Vol. 8. Paris: De L'Imprimerie Royale. Plates 780–781.
  5. ^ Boddaert, Pieter (1783). Table des planches enluminéez d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés (in French). Utrecht. p. 48, Numbers 780–781.
  6. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 263.
  7. ^ Reichenbach, Ludwig (1849). Avium Systema Naturale (in German). Dresden and Leipzig: Friedrich Hofmeister. Plate XLIX.
  8. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Mousebirds, Cuckoo Roller, trogons, hoopoes, hornbills". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  9. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4
    .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Penelopides panini.
Wikispecies has information related to Penelopides panini.
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