Wrightia tinctoria
Wrightia tinctoria | |
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Flowers | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Gentianales |
Family: | Apocynaceae |
Genus: | Wrightia |
Species: | W. tinctoria
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Binomial name | |
Wrightia tinctoria |
Wrightia tinctoria, Pala indigo plant or dyer's oleander,[1] is a flowering plant species in the genus Wrightia found in India, southeast Asia and Australia. It is found in dry and moist regions in its distribution. Various parts of the plant have been used in traditional medicine, but there is no scientific evidence it is effective or safe for treating any disease.
Description
Morphology
It is a small to medium-sized deciduous shrub or tree, ranging from 3–15 m (10–49 ft) in height
Phytochemistry
The plant contains
Taxonomy
The following are considered to be synonyms of Wrightia tinctoria:[7]
- Allamanda verticillata Desf.
- Alstonia oleandrifolia Lodd.
- Nerium jaspideum Span. Invalid
- Cerium tinctorium Sweet Illegitimate
- Cerium tinctorium Roxb.
- Wrightia laciniata A.DC.
- Wrightia timorensis Miq.
- Wrightia tinctoria subsp. tinctoria
Distribution and habitat
It is mainly found in Australia, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Timor and Vietnam.[2] Within India, it is found in most of the peninsular and central India except the northern and north-eastern states.[3]
Ecology
It is a slow to moderate-growing plant. Plants commence flowering when about 5–8 years old. It grows in a wide range of soil types ranging from arid, semi-arid, gravely or rocky soils and moist regions, especially on dry sandy sites or hillsides and valleys. The tree responds well to coppicing, and also produces root suckers.[2] It tolerates moderate shading and is often found as undergrowth in deciduous forests.[2] It also tolerates high uranium levels in soils.[2] In India, the fungus Cercospora wrightia is known to cause leaf spot disease of Wrightia tinctoria.[8]
Uses
The flowers, leaves, fruits and seeds are edible.
Traditional medicine
In Ayurveda and other traditional medicine practices, the plant is called shwetha kutaja and its seeds are called indrayava or indrajava.[9] There is no high-quality clinical evidence that it is safe or has any beneficial effect.
Wood-working
The white wood is used for
See also
References
- ISBN 9781173911034. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Orwa; et al. "Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4. 0" (PDF). World Agroforestry Centre. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Kavitha, A. "Common Dryland Trees of Karnataka: Bilingual Field Guide. Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment". India Biodiversity Portal. ATREE. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ Balfour, Edward (1862). The Timber Trees, Timber and Fancy Woods: As Also the Forests of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia. London: Cookson & Co, Union Press. pp. 358.
wrightia tinctoria.
- ^ Sydenham, Edwards (1825). The Botanical Register: Each Number is to Consist of Eight Coloured Figures of Exotic Plants : Accompanied by Their History and Mode of Treatment : the Designs to be Made from Living Plants, Volume 11. Piccadilly, London: James Ridgway. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ Wrightial, a new terpene from Wrightia tinctoria. Ramchandra P.; Basheermiya M.; Krupadanam G. L. D.; Srimannarayana G. Journal of natural products, 1993, vol. 56, no10, pp. 1811-1812
- ^ "The Plant List Version 1.1". theplantlist.org. 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d Ba, N.; Thin, N.N.; Tonanon, N.; Sudo, S. (1995). "Wrightia R.Br". proseanet.org. PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
- ^ "Plant Details for a Wrightia tinctoria R.BR". envis.frlht.org. Retrieved 2019-09-18.
- ^ A brief description of Channapatna toys is provided by National Informatics Centre. "Industries and Commerce, Bangalore Rural district". Official Webpage of the Bangalore Rural district. Government of Karnataka. Archived from the original on 2007-05-18. Retrieved 2007-04-22.
- ^ "Chapter 3: Case Study 2 – LAC-Turnery and the Lacquerware Industry".