Alexander Ragoza

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Alexander Frantsevich Ragoza
Александр Францевич Рагоза
Minister of War
In office
16 May 1918 – 14 November 1918
PresidentPavlo Skoropadskyi (Hetman of Ukraine)
Preceded bynone
Succeeded bynone
Personal details
Born(1858-06-20)20 June 1858
Odessa, Ukrainian SSR
Cause of deathExecution by shooting
Military service
Allegiance
Branch/service
Years of service1877–1918
Rank
Commands
Battles/wars
Awards

Alexander Frantsevich Ragoza (Russian: Александр Францевич Рагоза; 20 June [O.S. 8 June] 1858 – 29 June 1919), also known as Oleksandr Frantsevych Rohoza (Ukrainian: Олександр Францевич Рогоза),[1] was a Russian general of the infantry during World War I, and Minister of Defense of the Ukrainian State.

Biography

Born on 20 June (

Mikhailovsky Artillery School
after 1874.

Posted to the 3rd Guards Grenadier Artillery Brigade immediately after completing his studies, Ragoza received his baptism of fire immediately after graduation at the front during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. On account of his bravery in combat, the young officer was awarded the Order of Saint Anna Fourth Class, the Order of Saint Stanislaus Third Class and Second Class with Swords, and the Order of Saint Anna Third Class with Swords and Bow.

In 1883, Ragoza graduated from the

Primorsky Region, and on 30 August 1888 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel.[3] On 28 January 1891 he took charge of the combat department of the headquarters of the Kerch Fortress, and he was promoted to colonel on 30 August 1892.[4] On 4 September 1896 he became chief of staff of the 32nd Infantry Division, and on 10 March 1898 he took up the position of chief of staff of the 5th Infantry Division
.

On 27 April 1900, Ragoza took command of the

Ust-Dvinsk fortress. He received a promotion to lieutenant general on 13 April 1908.[6] On 17 March 1909 he took command of the 19th Infantry Division
.

World War I

When the

Urzhendov in late June 1915, when a counterattack by the corps defeated the Austro-Hungarian Army's 4th Army commanded by Archduke Joseph Ferdinand of Austria. He received the Order of Saint Vladimir Second Class with Swords, the Order of the White Eagle with Swords, and the Order of St. George Fourth Class.[8][9][10][11][12][13]

The Imperial Russian Army conducted a strategic withdrawal — the

Great Retreat — from Poland to Byelorussia between July and September 1915 and created the Western Front with headquarters at Minsk. After the completion of the withdrawal, Ragoza was appointed to the post of commander of the 4th Army, which was part of the Western Front, on 20 September 1915. For more than a year thereafter, Ragoza's military operations were associated with his native region. Under his command, the 4th Army clung tightly to Baranavichy, and the front in the region became static for two years, with all German attempts to push their forces closer to Minsk in vain. On 6 October 1915, Ragoza was awarded the Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
with Swords.

In March 1916, when the commander of the

General of the Artillery V. A. Irman, 15th Army Corps under Lieutenant General Fyodor Torklus [ru], and the 36th Army Corps under Lieutenant General N. N. Korotkevich. On 18 March (O.S. 5 March) 1916, the Lake Naroch Offensive began. The Pleshkov and Sirelius groups, having suffered huge losses, did not succeed. Only Bulaev's group achieved some success. On 28 March (O.S. 15 March) 1916, due to heavy losses and a lack of results, the Lake Naroch Offensive halted after the 2nd Army had suffered 90,000 casualties, including about 20,000 killed, and the opposing German 10th Army
suffered about 10,000 casualties. In April 1916, Ragoza relinquished command of the 2nd Army to General Smirnov, who had returned to the front.

Ragoza remained in command of the 4th Army, which in the first half of November 1916 was transferred from Byelorussia to

Romanian front. With the 4th, 7th, 8th, 19th, and 30th Army Corps under its control, Ragoza's 4th Army waged heavy defensive battles on the Râmnicul Sărat river in December 1916. On 18 December 1916, the Imperial German Army made an unsuccessful attempt to break through at the junction of the Russian 4th and 9th Armies in the Putna Valley. On 24 December 1916, the German 9th Army struck in the Râmnicu Sărat
area. During the four-day battle that followed, Ragoza's 8th and 30th Army Corps withstood the blow, but Ragoza was forced to withdraw his army after it suffered about 40,000 casualties, including 10,000 captured.

After the February Revolution in 1917, Ragoza was one of the few senior military leaders of the former Imperial Russian Army who retained the post of commander in the post-revolution Russian Army of the Russian Republic under the new Russian Provisional Government. During March and April 1917, he temporarily commanded the Russian Army's Romanian Front, with the Romanian First and Second Armies among the forces subordinate to him. The King of Romania, Ferdinand I, recognized Ragoza's achievements by awarding him the Order of Michael the Brave Third Class.[14] Ragoza remained in command of the 4th Army after it was redesignated the 4th Ukrainian Army in August 1917.[15]

Before the

General Eremia Grigorescu's Romanian 1st Army, which replaced the Russian 8th Army Corps. On 13 August 1917, as conditions deteriorated for his troops, Ragoza ordered the evacuation of Mărășești. Grigorescu refused to comply, so Russian General of the Infantry Dmitry Shcherbachev, the deputy commander of Allied forces on the Romanian front, handed over the Mărășești sector to Grigorescu, including the Russian 8th Army Corps, and the rest of the 4th Army was transferred to northern Moldavia
. In the Battle of Mărășești, Ragoza's 4th Army, which had begun with 70,000 men, lost 45,000 men, including about 5,000 captured.

October Revolution and Russian Civil War

After the

minister of war in May 1918.[16] Within the structure of the Hetmanate, Ragoza has been described as representative of a "pro-Russian" faction which intended to put Ukraine in the center of the movement to remove the Bolsheviks from power in Russia. This, at the same time, would secure for Kiev the central position in the "gathering" of Russia.[17]

In his capacity as minister of war in Skoropadskyi's cabinet Ragoza worked to organize an army for the new state, consisting of eight infantry corps, reestablished the

Ukrainian Cossacks as a component of the army, recruited numerous officers of many ethnicities from the old Imperial Russian Army to serve in the Hetmanite Army,[18][19] and introduced Ukrainian as the new army's language. He raised a corps and three divisions during his tenure. However, when Germany withdrew its support after the signing of the armistice
that ended World War I, Skoropadskyi's government fell, and on November 14 Ragoza's tenure as minister of war ended.

After the restoration of the Ukrainian People's Republic Ragoza declined to join its army. Subsequently, on 15 December 1918, he was arrested in Kiev on the orders of the Directorate, but he was soon released. Shortly after that Ragoza left the Ukrainian capital for Odessa, where units loyal to the Volunteer Army, as well as troops from the interventionist powers, were stationed. His goal was to proceed further toward the Kuban and join the Whites to fight against the Bolsheviks, but while he managed to reach Odessa, he did not succeed in linking up with the anti-Bolshevik forces in time: in March 1919 Odessa was seized by troops under the command of ataman Nykyfor Hryhoriv, who was fighting under the Red banner at the time, and general Ragoza was promptly arrested. After he refused an offer to join the Bolshevik forces, he was executed on 29 June 1919 in Odessa's Catherine Square [ru].[20][21]

Awards and honors

Russian

Foreign

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ Table for transliteration of the Ukrainian alphabet in latin script, Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine's Official website
  2. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  3. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  4. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  5. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  6. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  7. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  8. ^ "Контрудар. Ч. 2. В обороне и наступлении". btgv.ru. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
  9. ^ "Контрудар. Ч. 3. "Засадный полк" генерала Веселовского готовится к броску". btgv.ru. Retrieved 2020-06-24.
  10. ^ "Контрудар. Ч. 4. В 4 часа утра 22 июня". btgv.ru. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
  11. ^ "Контрудар. Ч. 5. Преодолевая бешеное сопротивление противника". btgv.ru. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
  12. ^ "Контрудар. Ч. 6. Деревня Лесничувка и господский двор Бобы". btgv.ru. Retrieved 2020-07-02.
  13. ^ "Контрудар. Ч. 7. Образец активной обороны". btgv.ru. Retrieved 2020-07-04.
  14. ^ Приказ русским войскам Румынского фронта 10 сентября 1917 года № 931.
  15. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  16. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  17. ISBN 978-5-392-33671-5
    .
  18. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .
  19. ^ Allen, p. 295
  20. ISBN 978-5-392-33671-5
    .
  21. ISBN 978-1-4422-5280-6
    .

Bibliography
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