All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets
All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets Всеукраїнський з'їзд Рад Vseukrayinsky zyizd Rad | |
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![]() Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR |
The All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets (
In total there were 14 Congresses of Soviets that for the most of the time took place in Kharkiv.
Description
Following the end of the
History
First Congress (Kyiv)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Troicki_public_house.jpg/220px-Troicki_public_house.jpg)
The very first Congress of Soviet initially took place in Kyiv on December 17 (December 4, old style), 1917 in the hall of the M.Sadovsky Theater (also known as Trinity Public House). Over 2500 delegates participated at the congress. The Congress was called by the Kyiv regional soviet of workers' and soldiers' deputies on the request of the Bolshevik organizations of Ukraine. Concurrently on December 16–18, 1917 in Kyiv was taken place a regional congress of Bolsheviks of Ukraine. The Bolshevik Congress created a united political party of Ukraine the "RSDLP(b) - Social-Democracy of Ukraine" headed by the Chief Committee.
The first addressed issue was the election of the Congress presidium which was headed by the honorary chairman of congress
First bolshevik-controlled Congress (Kharkiv)
On December 21, 1917, the
On December 24–25, 1917 in the Kharkiv building of Noble Assembly (Market Square) another First Congress of Soviets was held. The congress gathered initially 964 participants, amount of which later grew to 1250. The congress reviewed several issues: attitudes towards the Central Council of Ukraine, war and peace as well as about organization of military force, about Ukraine and Soviet Russia, estate and financial issues and others.
The congress approved the
Second Congress (Katerynoslav)
The Second All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets took place in Katerynoslav.
Transformation
The Congress ceased to exist at the end of the constitutional reform of 1936-1937, when the first on the union and then at the republican levels indirect election to Soviets were replaced by direct elections at all levels with the Supreme Soviet as the highest body.
List of all congresses
Order | Date | Location | Main events | Delegates |
---|---|---|---|---|
I[4] (not bolshevik-controlled) |
December 17–19 [O.S. December 4–6], 1917 | Kyiv | Adaption of the Central Council of Ukraine as the supreme authority
Mykhailo Hrushevsky (Chairman of the Central Council of Ukraine) |
2,000–2,500 |
I (bolshevik-controlled) | December 24–25 [O.S. December 11–12], 1917 | Kharkiv | Proclamation of the Soviet power, establishing of Ukraine as a federative entity of the Central Council of Ukraine
Central Executive Committee )
|
<200 |
II | March 17–19, 1918 | Katerynoslav | Approved the Soviet Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and only formally breaks the federative union with Russia
Decided to create the Red Army and will fight against the restored bourgeois power, adopted "temporary provisions on socialization of land" Central Executive Committee )
|
964 |
III | March 6–10, 1919 | Kharkiv | Reformed the government body of Ukraine, approved the decision to create regular Red Army, policies of the People's Commissariat of Food supply and Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR
Central Executive Committee )
|
1,719 |
IV | May 16–20, 1920 | Kharkiv | Polish–Soviet War
Committees of Poor Peasants |
811 |
V | February 25 – March 3, 1921 | Kharkiv | Ratification of the 1920 Union Workers-Peasant Treaty between Soviet Ukraine and Soviet Russia,
Adopted resolutions on revival of coal and metallurgical industries, electrification, improving land use |
841 |
VI | December 14–17, 1921 | Kharkiv | Prodnalog, grain fund for poor peasants and the 1922 sowing campaign
New Economic Policy |
820 |
VII | December 10–14, 1922 | Kharkiv | Declaration on creation of the Soviet Union
Election of delegates to the 10th Congress of Soviets of the Russian SFSR |
785 |
VIII | January 17–20, 1924 | Kharkiv | ||
IX | May 3–10, 1925 | Kharkiv | Amendments to the Constitution in correspondence with the 1924 Soviet Constitution
|
838 |
X
|
April 6–13, 1927 | Kharkiv | 1,059 | |
XI
|
May 7–15, 1929 | Kharkiv | Adaptation of the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR as member of the Soviet Union | 893 |
XII | February 25 – March 4, 1931 | Kharkiv | ||
XIII | January 15–22, 1935 | Kyiv | ||
XIV (extraordinary) |
January 25–31, 1937 | Kyiv | Transformation of the Congress of Soviets and the Central Executive Committee into the Supreme Soviet and Presidium of the Supreme Soviet respectively
Adaptation of the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR
|
Election
According to article 24 of the 1929
Powers
The exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress consisted of:
- Election of the Central Executive Committee of Ukraine
- Adoption of the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR and amendments to it.
- Approval of amendments proposed by the Central Executive Committee
- Approval of constitutions of the autonomous republics of Ukraine
On the other issues the Congress and Central Executive Committee had the same authority.
See also
Bibliography
- Khmil, I.V., Shatalina, Ye.P., Hrytsenko, A.P., Boiko, O.D., Yefimenko, H.H. Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Vol.1. "Naukova dumka" (Scientific Thought). Kyiv, 2003.
- History of state and law of Ukrainian SSR. Vol.2. "Naukova dumka" (Scientific Thought). Kyiv, 1987.
- Honcharenko, V.D. All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Peasants', and Red-Armymen Deputies - the Supreme body of authority of the Ukrainian SSR in 1917-37. Educational and Methodical Compilation of Higher Education. Kyiv, 1990.
References
- ^ All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets in the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia
- ^ Congress of Soviets in the Handbook on the Communist Party
- ^ a b c d e f All-Ukrainian congresses of Soviets in 1920–1937: composition, competence, and order of work (Всеукраїнські з’їзди Рад у 1920-1937 рр.: склад, компетенція та порядок роботи). History of state and law of Ukraine.
- ^ Congress of Soviets at the Institute of History of Ukraine
- ^ "Конституція Української Соціалістичної Радянської Республіки (1929)". Wikisource (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2022-11-19.
External links
- Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898-1991 - an extensive historical electronic project intended to recover records concerned with the Soviet history and history of the Communist Party of USSR
- First All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets (Kalinichenko, V.V., Rybalka, I.K.)
- All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets at the Institute of History of Ukraine website
- Info on the Second All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets at the Institute of History of Ukraine website
- Manifest to the Ukrainian people with ultimatum request to the Ukrainian Council (МАНІФЕСТ ДО УКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАРОДУ З УЛЬТИМАТИВНИМИ ВИМОГАМИ ДО УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ РАДИ). December 16, 1917.