Arab Liberation Movement

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Arab Liberation Movement
حركة التحرر العربي
ChairpersonAdib Shishakli
Founded25 August 1952
Dissolved8 March 1963
HeadquartersDamascus
IdeologyPan-Arabism[1]
Modernization[2]
Pro-Western[3][4]

The Arab Liberation Movement (

Arabic: حركة التحرر العربي Ḥarakat Al-Tahrir Al-'Arabiy; French: Mouvement du liberation arabe) was a Syrian political party founded on 25 August 1952 by the President of Syria Adib Shishakli, during his government was the only legal party
in Syria until 1954.

Shishakli then dissolved all political parties and banned many newspapers, in a return to military rule. Among those to suffer persecution under his rule were the

Salah al-Bitar
to Lebanon, where they then actively worked against his government.

He was a skilled public speaker, however, and relied greatly on the

election to make himself President
, but he was by now facing mounting dissent.

Shishakli continued to rule the country until 1954, when growing public opposition forced him to resign and leave the country. The national government was restored, but again to face instability, this time coming from abroad. After the overthrow of President Shishakli in a 1954 coup, continued political maneuvering supported by competing factions in the military eventually brought Arab nationalist and socialist elements to power.

Growing discontent eventually led to another coup, in which Shishakli was overthrown in February 1954. The plotters included members of the

Atrash
's sons, Adnan and Mansur (both of whom were ranking politicians in Syria).

When the insurgency reached its peak, Shishakli backed down, refusing to drag Syria into

Kamal Jumblat threatened to have him killed, he fled to Brazil. Prior to the union
between Syria and Egypt in 1958, Shishakli toyed with the idea of returning to Syria to launch a coup d'état, using funds provided by Iraq. The coup was foiled by Syrian intelligence and Shishakli was sentenced to death in absentia.

After the

Syrian Parliament. In 1958, following the unification of Syria with Egypt to form the United Arab Republic
, the party was banned by the Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser.

In the

Syrian parliamentary election, 1961
, the Arab Liberation Movement gained four seats in the Syrian parliament

The party was dissolved on March 8, 1963, following the Ba'athist revolution.

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election Party candidate Votes % Result
1953 Adib Shishakli 861,910 99.7% Elected Green tickY

Syrian People's Council elections

Election Party leader Seats +/– Position
1953 Adib Shishakli
72 / 82
 Increase 72 Increase 1st
1954 Adib Shishakli
2 / 142
 Decrease 70 Decrease 7th
1961 Adib Shishakli
4 / 172
 Increase 2 Increase 5th

References

  1. ISBN 9781885942401
    .
  2. ISBN 9780275954260
    .
  3. ^ American Friends of the Middle East, ed. (1954). Mission to the Middle East. p. 1.
  4. ISBN 9780333977958
    .
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