Astounding Award for Best New Writer
The Astounding Award for Best New Writer | |
---|---|
![]() Pin given to all winners and nominees | |
Awarded for | The best new writer whose first professional work of science fiction or fantasy was published within the two previous calendar years. |
Presented by | World Science Fiction Society |
First awarded | 1973 |
Most recent winner | Travis Baldree |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ada_Palmer_accepting_the_John_W._Campbell_Award_at_the_Hugo_Award_Ceremony_at_Worldcon_75_in_Helsinki_2017.jpg/220px-Ada_Palmer_accepting_the_John_W._Campbell_Award_at_the_Hugo_Award_Ceremony_at_Worldcon_75_in_Helsinki_2017.jpg)
The Astounding Award for Best New Writer (formerly the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer) is given annually to the best new writer whose first professional work of science fiction or fantasy was published within the two previous calendar years.[1] It is named after Astounding Science Fiction (now Analog Science Fiction and Fact), a foundational science fiction magazine. The award is sponsored by Dell Magazines, which publishes Analog.[1]
Between its founding in 1973 and 2019, the award was named after Astounding's long-time editor John W. Campbell, one of the most influential figures in the early history of science fiction.[2][3] In the aftermath of 2019 winner Jeannette Ng's acceptance speech, in which she described Campbell as a fascist, the science fiction fandom community discussed whether it was appropriate to continue honoring Campbell in this way;[4] the editor of Analog subsequently announced that the award had been renamed.[3]
The nomination and selection process is administered by the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS), represented by the current Worldcon committee, and the award is presented at the Hugo Award ceremony at the Worldcon, although it is not itself a Hugo Award.[5] All nominees receive a pin, while the winner receives a plaque. Beginning in 2005, the award has also included a tiara; created at the behest of 2004 winner Jay Lake and 2005 winner Elizabeth Bear, the tiara is passed from each year's winner to the next.[6][7][8]
Eligibility and voting
Writers are eligible for the Astounding Award for two years, and become eligible once they have a work of science fiction or fantasy published in a professional publication. Final decisions on eligibility are decided by the Hugo Administrators while qualification criteria are set by the sponsor, Dell Magazine. The eligibility criteria for what counts as a professional publication are roughly similar to those of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association (SFWA).[9] As of 2023, qualifying publications must meet at least one of the following criteria: be accepted by SFWA; have at least 10,000 readers; pay the writer at least 8 cents a word and a total of at least US$80; or be self-published or published through a small press, with earnings for the author of at least US$3,000 in one year.[10]
Members of the current and previous Worldcon are eligible to nominate new writers under the same procedures as the Hugo Awards.[11] Initial nominations are made by members in January through March, at which point a shortlist is made of the six most-nominated writers—five prior to 2017—with additional nominees possible in the case of ties. Voting on the ballot of six nominations is performed roughly in April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held.[12]
Works by winners and nominees of the award were collected in the New Voices series of anthologies, edited by George R. R. Martin, which had five volumes covering the awards from 1973 through 1977 and which were published between 1977 and 1984.[13] Michael A. Burstein, who was nominated in 1996 and won in 1997, commented that the largest effect of winning or being nominated is not on sales but instead that it gives credibility with established authors and publishers.[14] Criticism has been raised about the award that due to the eligibility requirements it honors writers who become well-known quickly, rather than necessarily the best or most influential authors from a historical perspective.[1]
Over the 51 years the award has been active, 218 writers have been nominated. Of these, 52 authors have won, including one tie. There have been 59 writers who were nominated twice, 20 of whom won the award in their second nomination.
Winners and nominees
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e8/Jerry_Pournelle_with_the_1973_John_W._Campbell_Award.jpg/170px-Jerry_Pournelle_with_the_1973_John_W._Campbell_Award.jpg)
In the following table, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony, rather than the year when the writer's eligible work was first published. Each year links to the corresponding "year in literature". Although the award is not given explicitly for any particular work, and such works are not recorded by the World Science Fiction Society or Dell Magazines, a selection of works that the writer in question published in the eligibility period are listed. This list includes novels and short stories, and is not intended to be comprehensive. Entries with a yellow background and an asterisk (*) next to the writer's name have won the award; those with a gray background are the other nominees on the shortlist.
* Winners and joint winners
Citations
- ^ a b c "The Locus index to SF Awards: About the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer". Locus. Oakland, California: Locus. Archived from the original on 2011-11-04. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ISBN 0-312-09618-6.
- ^ a b "A Statement from the Editor". Analog Science Fiction and Fact. Dell Magazines. 2019-08-27. Archived from the original on 2019-08-27. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
- ^ Scalzi, John (2019-08-20). "Jeannette Ng, John W. Campbell, and What Should Be Said By Whom and When". whatever.scalzi.com. Archived from the original on 2019-08-28. Retrieved 2019-08-28.
- ^ a b "Campbell Award". World Science Fiction Society. 2007-08-09. Archived from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- Science Fiction Writers of America. 2014-06-01. Archivedfrom the original on 2015-09-11. Retrieved 2015-08-24.
- ^ Scalzi, John (2006-08-27). "Look What I Got". Whatever. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-08-24.
- ^ Scalzi, John (2006-08-28). "About The Campbell Tiara". Whatever. Retrieved 2015-08-24.
- ^ "Astounding Award for Best New Writer". astoundingaward.info. Archived from the original on 2020-12-03. Retrieved 2024-02-17.
- ^ "FAQ on Astounding Award Eligibility". astoundingaward.info. Archived from the original on 2020-12-03. Retrieved 2020-12-16.
- ^ "The Hugo Awards: FAQ". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "The Hugo Awards: Introduction". World Science Fiction Society. Archived from the original on 2011-05-07. Retrieved 2010-04-20.
- ^ "New Voices". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-19. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ Michael A. Burstein. "Comments on the Campbell Award". Writertopia. Archived from the original on 2012-01-30. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Pournelle, Jerry". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-09. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Effinger, George Alec". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2015-01-04. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ Berman, Ruth (October 1972). "Stretch of Time". Analog Science Fact & Fiction. No. 110. pp. 158–164.
- ^ "Martin, George R. R.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Thurston, Robert". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-12. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "Tuttle, Lisa". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Robinson, Spider". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-20. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ISSN 1059-2113.
- ^ "Monteleone, Thomas F.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-09. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Snyder, Guy". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-26. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Plauger, P. J.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-11. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Brennert, Alan". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-08. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Charnas, Suzy McKee". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Gotschalk, Felix C.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Pearce, Brenda". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "Varley, John". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2018-09-18. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Reamy, Tom". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-19. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Darnay, Arsen". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-19. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Vinge, Joan D.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-28. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "Foster, M. A.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Cherryh, C. J.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2016-10-23. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "Chalker, Jack L.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-22. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Scholz, Carter". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Card, Orson Scott". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-22. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "Donaldson, Stephen R". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ a b "Lynn, Elizabeth A.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Sterling, Bruce". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-01-31. Retrieved 2011-10-21.
- ^ "Hogan, James P.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Felice, Cynthia". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Longyear, Barry B.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Sheffield, Charles". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-13. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Somtow, S. P.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Duane, Diane". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ISBN 978-0-441-13878-4.
- ISBN 0-89083-381-8.
- ISBN 0-89083-381-8.
- ^ "Forward, Robert L.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2019-10-14. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ISSN 1095-8258.
- ^ a b "Stallman, Robert". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-23. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ISBN 0-441-14305-9.
- ^ "Gilliland, Alexis A.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-26. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Brin, David". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2016-03-24. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Williams, Paul O.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-29. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Swanwick, Michael". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Goldstein, Lisa". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Palmer, David". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Delaney, Joseph H.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-23. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Miesel, Sandra". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Norwood, Warren C.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "MacAvoy, R. A.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-13. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Tepper, Sherri S.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Rosenberg, Joel". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-06. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "Shepard, Lucius". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ a b "Scott, Melissa". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-21. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
- ^ "Landis, Geoffrey A.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2021-01-26. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ISSN 1065-2698.
- ^ "Denton, Bradley". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-28. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ^ "McDonald, Ian". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2019-05-06. Retrieved 2011-10-22.
- ISBN 0-7710-4472-0.
- ^ "Sagan, Carl". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-02. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ a b "Fowler, Karen Joy". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-20. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-8099-0002-5.
- ^ "Zindell, David". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-21. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Bujold, Lois McMaster". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2021-01-26. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Kimbriel, Katharine Eliska". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-10. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ a b "Ore, Rebecca". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Frankowski, Leo A.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-28. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Reed, Robert". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-06. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Moffett, Judith". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-14. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Soukup, Martha". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-01. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-88677-198-6.
- ^ "MacGregor, Loren J.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-27. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Roessner, Michaela". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-15. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-441-89687-1.
- ^ "Hinz, Christopher". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-24. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ a b "Rusch, Kristine Kathryn". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-22. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-88677-450-0.
- ^ "Beese, P. J.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-23. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-445-20765-5.
- ^ "Steele, Allen". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-15. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ ISBN 0-451-40147-6.
- ^ a b "Cramer, John". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-24. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 978-0-345-35137-1.
- ^ "Ecklar, Julia". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-15. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Kandel, Michael". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-23. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-913165-49-2.
- ^ "Chiang, Ted". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2017-12-03. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ ISBN 0-88677-504-3.
- ^ ISBN 0-88677-504-3.
- ^ ISBN 0-345-37232-8.
- ISBN 0-451-45094-9.
- ISBN 0-8125-1955-8.
- ^ ISBN 0-671-72132-1.
- ^ a b Richerson, Carrie (1992). "Apotheosis". In George Hatch (ed.). Souls in Pawn. Horror's Head Press. pp. 113–118.
- ^ "Thomson, Amy". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-312-85590-7.
- ISBN 0-8125-1192-1.
- ^ "Noon, Jeff". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2019-04-12. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ ISSN 0024-984X.
- ISBN 0-87930-298-4.
- ^ a b "Feintuch, David". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-18. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISSN 1065-1829.
- ^ ISSN 1059-2113.
- ^ ISBN 0-441-00261-7.
- ISBN 0-553-56858-2.
- ^ a b "Garfinkle, Richard". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-23. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ a b "Carter, Raphael". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-10. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-312-86007-2.
- ISBN 0-679-45150-1.
- ^ a b "Matthews, Susan R.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-12-05. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISSN 1065-2698.
- ^ "Hopkinson, Nalo". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Baker, Kage R.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-23. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Czerneda, Julie E.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-30. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISSN 1059-2113.
- ^ "Doctorow, Cory". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-07. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ISBN 0-87951-856-1.
- ISSN 1059-2113.
- ^ ISBN 0-380-80783-1.
- ^ ISBN 0-312-86543-0.
- ^ ISBN 0-312-87229-1.
- ISSN 1058-0751.
- ISSN 1095-8258.
- ^ "Irvine, Alexander C.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2012-05-11. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ ISBN 0-441-00886-0.
- ^ ISBN 0-451-45837-0.
- ISSN 1065-1829.
- ISSN 1095-8258.
- ^ a b "Lowachee, Karin". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-03. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ ISBN 0-380-81841-8.
- ISBN 1-59212-165-9.
- ^ Pratt, Tim (2002-02-04). "Little Gods". Strange Horizons. Strange Horizons.
- ^ "Moriarty, Chris". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
- ^ "Bear, Elizabeth". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-11-22. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
- ^ ISBN 0-575-07005-6.
- ^ a b "Bishop, K. J.". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2019-04-20. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
- ^ a b "Roberson, Chris". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-13. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
- ISSN 1065-2698.
- ^ "Scalzi, John". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed.). Archived from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
- ^ ISBN 0-441-01286-8.
- ^ ISBN 0-7653-1177-1.
- ISBN 0-345-48128-3.
- ^ ISBN 0-575-07694-1.
- ISBN 0-7653-1178-X.
- ^ Schoen, Lawrence M. (2006). The Sky's the Limit. Fictionwise.
- ^ Kowal, Mary Robinette (2006-01-30). "Portrait of Ari". Strange Horizons. Strange Horizons.
- ISBN 1-59102-442-0.
- ISBN 0-575-07785-9.
- ISBN 978-1-59780-065-5.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-385-50606-9.
- ISSN 0264-3596.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-553-80676-2.
- ISBN 978-0-9819243-0-4.
- ISSN 1065-2698.
- ISBN 978-0-7564-0571-7.
- ISBN 978-0-316-05663-2.
- ISSN 1065-2698.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-60762-027-3.
- ISBN 978-0-434-01950-2.
- ISBN 978-0-85766-054-1.
- ISBN 978-1-4391-3285-2.
- ISBN 978-0-7653-2247-0.
- ^ a b c d e "2012 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 7 April 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-04-08. Retrieved 2012-04-09.
- ^ a b c d e "2013 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2012-12-22. Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2013-04-03.
- ^ a b c d e "2014 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2014-03-18. Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2014-04-20.
- ^ a b c d e "2015 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2015-03-31. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
- ^ a b c d e "2016 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2015-12-29. Archived from the original on 2017-08-16. Retrieved 2016-04-27.
- ^ a b c d e f "2017 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2016-12-31. Archived from the original on 2017-08-10. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
- ^ a b c d e f "2018 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2018-03-15. Archived from the original on 2018-04-02. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "2019 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2019-09-18. Archived from the original on 2019-07-29. Retrieved 2019-04-02.
- ^ a b c d e f "2020 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2020-04-07. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2020-04-08.
- ^ a b c d e f "2021 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2021-12-18. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2022-01-03.
- ^ a b c d e f "2022 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2022-09-04. Archived from the original on 2022-09-05. Retrieved 2022-09-04.
- ^ a b c d e f "2023 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2023-07-06. Archived from the original on 2023-07-06. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
- ^ a b c d e f "2024 Hugo Awards". World Science Fiction Society. 2024-03-29. Archived from the original on 2024-03-29. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
Cited references
- Clute, John; Langford, David; Nicholls, Peter, ed. (2011). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (3rd ed. Archived 2018-03-21 at the Wayback Machine). ESF Ltd.