Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti

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Barzan Ibrahim
برزان إبراهيم
Baghdad, Iraq
Cause of deathDecapitation due to botched execution by hanging
Political partyArab Socialist Ba'ath Party
SpouseIlham Khairallah
Relations
Children
  • Mohamed
  • Saja
  • Ali
  • Noor
  • Khawla
  • Thoraya
Parents
  • Ibrahim al-Hassan
  • Subha Talfah
Military service
Allegiance Ba'athist Iraq
Battles/wars

Barzan Ibrahim Hassan al-Tikriti (17 February 1951 – 15 January 2007) (

Arabic: برزان إبراهيم الحسن التكريتي), also known as Barazan Ibrahim al-Tikriti, Barasan Ibrahem Alhassen and Barzan Hassan,[1] was one of three half-brothers of Saddam Hussein, and a leader of the Mukhabarat, the Iraqi intelligence service. Despite falling out of favour with Saddam at one time, he was believed to have been a close presidential adviser at the time of his capture by U.S. forces in 2003. On 15 January 2007, Barzan was hanged for crimes against humanity. He was decapitated by the hangman's rope after errors were made calculating his body weight and length of drop from the platform.[2]

High position in Iraqi government

Barzan was a leading figure in the Mukhabarat, the intelligence service that performed the role of

secret police from the 1970s, and later took over as director. During his time in the secret police, Barzan played a key role in the Iraqi regime's execution of opponents at home and assassinations abroad. He was also known for his ruthlessness and brutality in purging the Iraqi military of anyone seen as disloyal.[3]

Barzan became Iraq's representative to the

Swiss francs.[5] Barzan's son, Muhammad, who was the Geneva representative of the Iraqi national airline Iraqi Airways, is the direct heir of the al Tikriti clan.[5]

torture and mass murder in Iraq. Barzan was the five of clubs[10] (queen of hearts according to CNN)[11] in the U.S military's most-wanted Iraqi playing cards
.

Post-invasion

Barzan was among the leadership figures U.S. forces targeted during the

arraigned
on 1 July 2004.

Trial and courtroom charges

Main article:
Al-Dujail trial

Barzan's trial started on 19 October 2005. He was a defendant in the

internment camps, and that date palm groves, which sustained the local economy and were the families' livelihood, were destroyed.[12]

During the first court session on 19 October 2005, Barzan pleaded not guilty. During his trial, he became known for his angry outbursts in court and was ejected on several occasions.[3]

In the weeks following the first audience, serious security concerns for the defense team of Saddam and the other accused became apparent. On 21 October 2005, 36 hours after the first hearing, a group of unidentified armed men dragged one of the defense attorneys from his office in east Baghdad and shot him dead. A few days later, a second lawyer was killed in a drive-by shooting, and a third, injured in that attack, subsequently fled Iraq for sanctuary in Qatar.

As a result, calls for the trial to be held abroad were heard. The defense lawyers, supported by the Iraqi Bar Association, imposed a boycott on the trial until their security concerns were met with specific measures. A few days before the trial was to resume, the defense team announced that it had accepted offers of protection from Iraqi and U.S. officials and would appear in court on 28 November 2005. The agreement is said to have included the same level of protection offered to the Iraqi judges and prosecutors, with measures such as armored cars and teams of bodyguards.[12]

After a short court session on 28 November 2005, during which some testimony regarding the killings in Dujail was presented, Judge Rizgar Mohammed Amin ordered a one-week adjournment until 5 December, to grant the defense teams time to find new counsel.

On 12 March 2006, the prosecutor announced that if Saddam Hussein and his seven co-defendants were sentenced to death in the Dujail case, the sentence would be carried out as soon as possible. Thus, the other cases for which they were indicted would not be heard in court. On 19 June 2006, the prosecutor asked the court, in his closing arguments, that the death penalty be imposed upon Barzan, Saddam, and Ramadan.

On 5 November 2006, Barzan was sentenced to death by hanging.

Appeals

A sentence of death or life imprisonment generates an automatic appeal. On 3 December 2006, the defense team lodged an appeal against the verdicts for Barzan, Saddam, and al-Bander, who had been sentenced to death. On 26 December 2006, the appeals chamber confirmed the verdict and the death sentence against Barzan.

In November 2006, Iraqi President Jalal Talabani appealed for Barzan to be moved to medical facilities to receive treatment for his spinal cancer. Barzan originally made an appeal from his cell to U.S. President George W. Bush and to Talabani for treatment, referring to the latter as an "old friend".[13]

Botched execution

On 15 January 2007, the death sentence was carried out. Barzan, along with co-defendants Saddam Hussein and the former

decapitated by the long drop, the accidental result of the hangman using a rope that was too long.[15][16]
As with Saddam's hanging, Barzan's and al-Bandar's counsel was not allowed to attend.

Reaction to the execution

On 15 January, U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said in a news conference with the Egyptian foreign minister:[17] "We were disappointed there was not greater dignity given to the accused under these circumstances."

In a press briefing by

British Prime Minister Tony Blair's official spokesman, in response to a question as to Blair's reaction to the "botched hanging" in Iraq, the spokesman said:[18]
"In terms of the death penalty in Iraq, our position on the death penalty is well known, and we had made that position known to the Iraqi Government again since the death of Saddam Hussein. However, Iraq is a sovereign Government, and therefore has a right under international law to decide its own policy on the death penalty."

Barzan's son-in-law, Azzam Saleh Abdullah, said:[17] "We heard the news from the media. We were supposed to have the information a day earlier, but it seems that the government does not know the rules." He said the execution reflected the hatred felt by the Shiite-led government: "They still want more Iraqi bloodshed. To hell with democracy."

See also

Notes

  1. Oil for Food program, the Swiss advocat and oil businessman Alain Bionda allegedly received large sums of the money generated from the Oil for Food program while the Iraqi government diverted funds from this program to non-food related items.[6][7] Bionda strongly supports the Serbian businessman Philip Zepter, the United Kingdom's Conservative Party to which he coordinates money transfers from Russians including Alexander Temerko, Jean Goutchkov, who was the head of private banking at Société Générale in Geneva until spring of 2014, and Gennady Timchenko.[7][8][9] Through Genii Energy and the Lotus Formula One team, Bionda is a business partner of Spaniard Gérard López who made a very large sum of money through his investment in Skype and is very close to Vladimir Putin.[9]

References

  1. ^ "Cable reveals details about Saddam Hussein's 'hastily run' execution". CNN. 7 December 2010.
  2. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Obituary: Barzan Ibrahim Hasan al-Tikriti". BBC News. 15 January 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  4. ^ "Barzan Ibrahim Al-Tikriti". The Independent. 16 January 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d "США требуют от Швейцарии вернуть саддамовские вклады" [The US demands that Switzerland return Saddam's deposits]. newsru.com (in Russian). 5 February 2004. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  6. ^ "THE FINAL REPORT OF THE COMMISSION OF ENQUIRY ON THE "FOOD FOR OIL" SCANDAL REVEALS THE EMBEZZLEMENT OF 1.8 BILLION DOLLARS BY THE SADDAM HUSSEIN REGIME". Fondation-Institut kurde de Paris (www.institutkurde.org). October 2005. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  7. ^ a b CitiZen Nantes (3 June 2016). "Liste nominative des puissants cités dans les 'Panama Papers', et présumés voleurs de leur peuple (pas tous), et la plus complète du Net: Avec leur biographie, les membres de leur famille impliqués, leurs condamnations antérieures et les banques, entreprises et cabinets d'avocats d'affaires les plus compromis, par pays et territoire" [List of names of the powerful cited in the 'Panama Papers', and alleged thieves of their people (not all), and the most complete on the Internet: With their biography, family members involved, previous convictions and the most compromised banks, companies and corporate law firms, by country and territory]. breil-nantes.over-blog.com (in French). Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  8. ^ Батыров, Тимур (Batyrov, Timur) (6 October 2020). "Миллиардер Тимченко попросил суд разморозить его счета в Швейцарии: Российский миллиардер Геннадий Тимченко обратился в швейцарский суд с требованием разблокировать его счета. Счета были заморожены из-за американских санкций, однако швейцарский банк продолжил брать комиссию за обслуживание, заявлял миллиардер" [Billionaire Timchenko asked the court to unfreeze his accounts in Switzerland: Russian billionaire Gennady Timchenko appealed to a Swiss court demanding that his accounts be unblocked. The accounts were frozen due to American sanctions, but the Swiss bank continued to charge a service fee, the billionaire said]. Forbes (in Russian). Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ a b Belton 2020, p. Chapter 14 Soft Power with an Iron Fist.
  10. ^ "IRAQI "MOST WANTED" PLAYING CARDS". Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  11. ^ "U.S. issues most wanted list". CNN. 11 April 2003. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  12. ^ a b "Barzan Ibrahim Hassan al-Tikriti". Trial International. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  13. ^ "Talabani fails in bid to secure medical treatment for Barzan Tikriti". ekurd.net. 23 November 2005. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  14. ^ "Hussein trial 'fundamentally unfair'". CNN. 5 November 2006. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  15. ^ McElroy, Damien; Blair, David (16 January 2007). "Outrage as Saddam's half-brother is decapitated at his hanging". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  16. ^ "Saddam Hussein's top aides hanged". BBC News. 15 January 2007. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  17. ^
    OCLC 1030351098
    .
  18. ^ "Botched hanging draws criticism from international community". Malaysia Sun. Midwest Radio Network. 15 January 2007. Archived from the original on 21 January 2007. Retrieved 16 January 2007.

External links
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