Chabahar

Coordinates: 25°17′34″N 60°38′59″E / 25.29278°N 60.64972°E / 25.29278; 60.64972
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Chahbahar
)
For the administrative subdivision, see Chabahar County. For other places, see Chah Bahar (disambiguation).
"Chahbar" redirects here. For other uses, see Chahbar (disambiguation).

Chahbahar
چابهار
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UTC+3:30 (IRST)
Websitechabahar.ir

Chābahār (pronunciationⓘ) (Persian: چابهار, Balochi: چھبار, romanized: čahbàr; transl. 'four springs' or 'spring well';[3][failed verification] formerly Bandar Beheshtī)[4] is a city in the Central District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[5] It is a free port (free-trade zone) situated on the coast of the Gulf of Oman, and is Iran's southernmost city. The sister port city of Gwadar in Balochistan, Pakistan, is located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) to the east of Chabahar.

The city is situated on the

Iranian government. Due to its free-trade zone status, the city has increased in significance in international trade. The overwhelming majority of the city's inhabitants are ethnic Baloch, who speak their native Balochi language in addition to Persian
.

At the 2006 census, the city's population was 71,070 in 13,837 households.[6] The following census in 2011 counted 85,633 people in 19,313 households.[7] The latest census in 2016 showed a further increase in population to 106,739 people in 25,896 households.[2]

Etymology

The name Chabahar is a shortened form of the Balochi phrase chahar bahar (Persian: چهاربهار), where chahar means "four" and bahar means "spring". Hence, Chabahar means a place where all four seasons of the year resemble spring time.[citation needed]

History

There is a fishing village and former port named

Mongols.[citation needed] There are still some ruins in the village. The Portuguese were the first colonial country to attack the Makran (Oman) Sea. The Portuguese forces under Afonso de Albuquerque gained control of Chabahar and Tis, staying there until 1031 A.H. (1621 C.E.). The British, and later the Portuguese in the 17th century (1616 C.E. or 1026 A.H.), entered this region.[citation needed
]

Modern Chabahar dates back to around 1970 C.E., when it was declared a municipality and large port projects were started by order of

Jahad-e Sazandegi (or jihad for construction) took them over. The Iran–Iraq War caused Chabahar to gain in logistical and strategic importance. War brought insecurity to the Strait of Hormuz and ships were unable to enter the Persian Gulf. Accordingly, Chabahar became a major port during the war. In the 1980s the Iranian government developed a new scheme named the Eastern Axis Development Scheme, which aimed to use Chabahar's geographical position as a regional development tool to stimulate economic growth in the eastern provinces. The establishment of the Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone in 1992 resulting from the EAD Scheme brought development and encouraged immigration from other parts of the country to Chabahar.[citation needed
]

Economic significance

Chabahar Rally
View of a Park in Chabahar Beach

Chabahar is Iran's closest and best access point to the Indian Ocean. For this reason, Chabahar is the focal point of Iranian development of the east of the country through expansion and enhancement of transit routes among countries situated in the northern part of the Indian Ocean and Central Asia.[10] The hope is that with the development of transit routes, and better security and transit services, the benefits will reach the local residents.[according to whom?]

Chabahar's economic sectors are fish industries and commercial sector, fishery sectors with the largest amount of country's fish catch, mainly located out of the Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone. Growing commercial sector located at free trade area with high potentiality to turn to a place that would connect business growth centers in south Asia (India) and Middle East (Dubai) to central Asian and Afghanistan market. The government plans to link the Chabahar free trade area to Iran's main rail network, which is connected to Central Asia and Afghanistan as well.[citation needed]

The city is served by Refah Chain Stores Co., Iran Hyper Star, Isfahan City Center, Shahrvand Chain Stores Inc., Ofoq Kourosh chain store.

Transportation

Chabahar is connected to

Iranshahr–Kerman, Chabahar–Iranshahr–Zahedan–Mashahd and Chabahar–Iranshahr–Zahedan–Milak (on the Afghanistan border) are four main routes connecting Chabahar to national and international roads.[citation needed
]

In July 2016, India began shipping US$150 million worth of rail tracks to Chabahar[11] to build US$1.6 billion Chabahar–Zahedan railway by India's Ircon International, for which India pledged additional US$400 million and Iran has also allocated US$125 million in December 2016, thus taking the total allocation to US$575 million (out of US$1.6 billion needed) till the end of 2016.[12]

Port

Main article:
Port of Chabahar
Chabahar Port at night

sanctions against Iran were being lifted after the nuclear deal, Indian investment plans had risen to US$500 million.[13]
In turn, Iran will get its first
deepwater port, to allow it to conduct global trade with big cargo ships rather than the small ships its ports can currently handle, thus putting an end to its reliance on the United Arab Emirates as a shipping intermediary.[13] On top of that, Chabahar shall be used for transshipment to Afghanistan and Central Asia, while keeping the port of Bandar Abbas
as a major hub mainly for trade with Russia and Europe.

India, Iran and Afghanistan have signed an agreement to give Indian goods, heading for Central Asia and Afghanistan, preferential treatment and tariff reductions at Chabahar.

Work on the Chabahar–

Dilaram route from Iran to Afghanistan is in progress. Iran is, with Indian aid, upgrading the Chabahar–Milak road and constructing a bridge on the route to Zaranj. India's BRO is laying the 213-kilometer Zaranj–Dilaram road
, which is now operational. It is a part of India's US$750 million aid package to Afghanistan.

Interest in Chabahar port's project renewed once

US-sponsored economic isolation of Iran was relieved
, and benefits from the resurgent Indian economy. Along with Bandar Abbas, Chabahar is the Iranian entrepot on the north–south corridor. A strategic partnership between India, Iran and Russia is intended to establish a multi-modal transport link connecting Mumbai with St. Petersburg, providing Europe and the former Soviet republics of Central Asia access to Asia and vice versa.

India and Iran are discussing building a gas pipeline between the two countries along the bed of the Arabian Sea to bypass Pakistan, using the Chabahar port. Both the countries are pondering the delivery of natural gas produced in Turkmenistan with Indian assistance to north Iran while the Islamic Republic will send natural gas from its southern deposits to Indian consumers. This pipeline is conceived by India to replace the proposed Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline, the negotiations for which have dragged on due to the worsening of relations between India and Pakistan.[14]

Railway line from Bamiyan province in Afghanistan

coal fields located in the Bamiyan Province 130 km west of Kabul. This region is believed to have iron ore
reserves of around 1.8 billion tonnes containing around 62% ferrous iron worth $3 trillion according to Afghan-Soviet studies of the region in the 1960s.

Religion

A majority of Chabahar's people are

Sunni Baluch
.

Tis beach and port, Chabahar, Iran
Tis beach and port

Tourism

Along the shore sea

A $500 million resort is planned to be built in Chabahar.[16]

Climate

The county of Chabahar has hot, humid weather in the summer and warm weather in the winter, giving it a

hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh). The western winds in the winter bring about scattered rainfalls in this region, and very occasionally winds from the Indian monsoon affect the region, as in July 1976 when 46.6 millimetres (1.8 in) fell.[17] In most years around 100 millimetres (3.9 in) will fall; however a positive Indian Ocean Dipole in 1997/1998 led to a record total of 470 millimetres (18.5 in); in contrast between July 2000 and June 2002 only 57.5 millimetres (2.3 in) fell in two years.[17] The summer monsoon winds from the Indian subcontinent make Chabahar the coolest southern port in the summer and the warmest port of Iran in the winter.[citation needed] It has an average maximum temperature of 34 °C and an average minimum temperature of 21.5 °C. It has the same latitude as Miami in Florida, United States, and temperatures are very similar to those in Miami.[citation needed
]

Climate data for Chabahar (1991-2020, extremes 1963-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 33.2
(91.8) 		33.0
(91.4) 		38.0
(100.4) 		42.0
(107.6) 		46.0
(114.8) 		45.2
(113.4) 		47.0
(116.6) 		42.4
(108.3) 		42.0
(107.6) 		41.4
(106.5) 		37.0
(98.6) 		32.0
(89.6) 		47.0
(116.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 24.3
(75.7) 		25.1
(77.2) 		27.1
(80.8) 		30.3
(86.5) 		33.0
(91.4) 		33.7
(92.7) 		32.5
(90.5) 		31.3
(88.3) 		31.3
(88.3) 		31.4
(88.5) 		29.2
(84.6) 		26.2
(79.2) 		29.6
(85.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 20.7
(69.3) 		21.8
(71.2) 		23.9
(75.0) 		27.1
(80.8) 		30.1
(86.2) 		31.2
(88.2) 		30.3
(86.5) 		29.1
(84.4) 		28.7
(83.7) 		27.9
(82.2) 		25.2
(77.4) 		22.3
(72.1) 		26.5
(79.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 16.6
(61.9) 		17.9
(64.2) 		20.5
(68.9) 		24.0
(75.2) 		27.2
(81.0) 		29.0
(84.2) 		28.7
(83.7) 		27.6
(81.7) 		26.6
(79.9) 		24.4
(75.9) 		20.9
(69.6) 		17.9
(64.2) 		23.4
(74.2)
Record low °C (°F) 7.0
(44.6) 		7.0
(44.6) 		9.6
(49.3) 		14.0
(57.2) 		16.0
(60.8) 		22.0
(71.6) 		21.0
(69.8) 		19.0
(66.2) 		19.0
(66.2) 		13.2
(55.8) 		9.0
(48.2) 		7.0
(44.6) 		7.0
(44.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 35.1
(1.38) 		7.3
(0.29) 		18.1
(0.71) 		2.1
(0.08) 		0.0
(0.0) 		9.0
(0.35) 		3.9
(0.15) 		1.0
(0.04) 		0.1
(0.00) 		5.7
(0.22) 		9.6
(0.38) 		23.7
(0.93) 		115.6
(4.53)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 2.4 1.0 1.6 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.6 1.4 8.2
Average
relative humidity
(%) 		62 68 74 76 78 81 81 82 81 77 66 61 73.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 248 233 245 271 300 250 188 209 243 277 266 258 2,988
Source:
NOAA NCEI,[18] (extrems before 1991[19]
)

Gallery

  • Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Ferdows Hotel, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Ferdows Hotel, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • The statue of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    The statue of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Beris port, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Beris port, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Elevated cliff beaches in suburbs of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Elevated cliff beaches in suburbs of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • The Lipar Pink Wetland, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    The Lipar Pink Wetland, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Pozm Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Pozm Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Planktons, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Planktons, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Planktons, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Planktons, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Comb beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Comb beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Tis beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Tis beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Comb beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Comb beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Sany beaches of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Sany beaches of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Elevated cliff beaches of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Elevated cliff beaches of Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Marine Chiton, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Marine Chiton, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Jelly fishes, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Jelly fishes, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Marine chitons, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Marine chitons, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Rocky Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Rocky Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Rocky Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Rocky Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Darya Koochak, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Darya Koochak, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
  • Rocky Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran
    Rocky Beach, Chabahar Free Zone, Iran

See also

References

  1. ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (8 April 2023). "Chabahar, Chabahar County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 11. Archived from the original (Excel) on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. ^ "Inside Chabahar, the Iranian port city that borders Pakistan and where alleged spy Kulbhushan Jadhav was based". The Economic Times. 14 May 2017.
  4. ^ Chabahar can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3055106" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  5. ^ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Sistan and Baluchestan province, centered in the city of Zahedan". Research Center of the System of Laws of the Islamic Council of the Farabi Library of Mobile Users (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  6. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 11. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  7. ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 11. Archived from the original (Excel) on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  8. ^ Sachau, Edward C., ed. (1910) [first published 1888], Alberuni's India, Vol. 1, Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co, p. 208
  9. ISBN 0391041738
  10. ^ "India, China's rivalry and a tale of two ports". Reuters 2011-3-25. Retrieved 2011-5-12
  11. ^ India to export USD 150 million rails for Chabahar port next month
  12. ^ $125m for Chabahar-Zahedan Railroad
  13. ^ a b "India's $500 Million Bet on Iran". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  14. ^ "Iran, India discuss building underwater gas pipeline". Tehran Times. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  15. ^ "Judge refuses to hear plea against Sethi | The Frontier Post". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
  16. ^ "$500m Tourist Resort Planned in Chabahar". Financial Tribune. 11 June 2017.
  17. ^ a b "اداره کل هواشناسی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری". www.chaharmahalmet.ir.
  18. NOAA
    . Retrieved 17 March 2024.
  19. ^ "Chahbahar Climate Normals 1963–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 29 December 2012.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chabahar&oldid=1218953905"