Bandar Abbas
Bandar Abbas
بندر عباس گمبرون Gombroon | |
---|---|
City | |
UTC+3:30 (IRST) | |
Postal code | 79177 |
Area code | (+98) 076 |
Website | bandarabbas |
Bandar Abbas or Bandar-e ‘Abbās (Persian: بندر عباس, pronounced [bændæɾ æbːɑs] ⓘ, lit. 'Port of Abbas') is a city in the Central District of Bandar Abbas County, Hormozgan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.[4] Bandar Abbas is a port on the southern coast of the country, on the Persian Gulf.
The city occupies a strategic position on the narrow
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 367,508 in 89,404 households.[5] The following census in 2011 counted 435,751 people in 118,336 households.[6] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 526,648 people in 152,682 households.[3]
Etymology
Bandar Abbas has always been a port, and as such its various names have all reflected this function. The most common name over time, Gameroon, traditionally derived from Turkish gümrük, "customhouse" (from Late Greek kommerkion, from Latin commercium, "commerce"), but is now speculated[by whom?] to come from Persian kamrūn, "shrimp" (in Portuguese: camarão, similar to the former Portuguese name).[7] Its current name derives from that of Abbas the Great[8] (r. 1588–1629) paired with bandar - "port", meaning "Port of Abbas".
Bandar Abbas has been
Demographics
Language
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1986 | 201,642 | — |
1991 | 249,504 | +4.35% |
1996 | 273,578 | +1.86% |
2006 | 367,508 | +3.00% |
2011 | 435,751 | +3.47% |
2016 | 526,648 | +3.86% |
source:[10] |
Original Bandaris (residents of Bandar Abbas) speak Bandari (بندری), a variety of Persian similar to neighboring
Immigration
The city of Bandar Abbas is an immigrant-friendly city that has hosted all Iranian ethnic groups. Most of the emigrants living in Bandar Abbas city have chosen individual migration at the beginning of their migration, in other words, after finding employment opportunities in Bandar Abbas city, most of the emigrants entered this city with the intention of taking up a job opportunity individually, but with the passage of time and the feeling of job security and providing housing, they have also moved their families to Bandar Abbas. Iranians from the regions of
History
Pre-Islamic history
The earliest record of Bandar Abbas is during the reign of
Portuguese period
By the 16th century, Bandar Abbas was known as Gamrūn to the
In 1614, Comorão was taken by Shah Abbas the Great from the Portuguese and renamed Bandar-e Abbas ("Port of Abbas"). Backed by the English Navy, Abbas developed the city (known to the English-speaking world as Gombraun) into a major port. By 1622, the Portuguese and English names had been officially combined to form Combrù or Combu, although the inhabitants still called it Bandar-e Abbas. Sir Thomas Herbert said the official English name was Gumbrown, but pronounced [gŏmrōōn]. He wrote in 1630 that "some (but I commend them not) write it Gamrou, others Gomrow, and othersome Cummeroon."[This quote needs a citation
In 1622 CE, Abbas defeated Portuguese troops with the help of English troops and Iranian commander Imam Quli Khan. In honor of this victory Gumbroon was renamed Bandar Abbas Port. In the current division of Bandar Abbas in Hormozgan province and one of the most important strategic and commercial center is in the vicinity of the
Dutch and English period
In 1625, a combined Anglo-Dutch fleet attacked the Portuguese at Bandar Abbas and took control of the trade posts. Soon, the Dutch East India Company outcompeted its English counterpart and eventually, from 1654 onwards, was in complete control of the local spice and silk trade, due to multiple english ships being taken, and the Action of 29 January 1654. The Dutch remained in complete control until 1765.[17]
Omani period
The Persians recovered the city in 1854, while the sultan was in Zanzibar. Under British pressure following the Anglo-Persian War in 1856, Persia renewed Oman's lease on favourable terms. It was clarified that the leased territory belonged to the province of Fars and that the Persian flag would fly over Bandar Abbas. The rental rate was also increased. Under British pressure the agreement was renewed in 1868, but at a higher rate of rent and for a shorter duration. Two months after its renewal, the lease was cancelled by the Persian government, citing a clause which permitted its termination if the sultan of Oman were overthrown.[18]
Contemporary history
An earthquake in July 1902 damaged parts of the city, including the governor's house and the customs office, and nearby Qeshm Island.[19]
Bandar Abbas serves as a major shipping point, mostly for imports, and has a long history of trade with India, particularly the port of
Bandar Abbas was a small fishing port of about 17,000 people in 1955, prior to initial plans to develop it as a major harbor. By 2001, it had grown into a major city. It has a population of 450,000 (2011 estimate).
Geography
Bandar Abbas is situated on flat ground with an average altitude of 9 metres (30 ft)
Climate
Bandar Abbas has a
In the summer, Bandar Abbas sees some of the highest average
This immense humidity causes summer diurnal ranges to be lower than in most desert climates, and is a result of air flow from the warm waters of the Persian Gulf.Climate data for Bandar Abbas (1957-2010) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 32.0 (89.6) |
33.0 (91.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
43.0 (109.4) |
47.0 (116.6) |
51.0 (123.8) |
48.0 (118.4) |
46.0 (114.8) |
45.0 (113.0) |
42.0 (107.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
33.8 (92.8) |
51.0 (123.8) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.3 (73.9) |
24.6 (76.3) |
27.7 (81.9) |
32.0 (89.6) |
36.6 (97.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
38.3 (100.9) |
37.6 (99.7) |
36.8 (98.2) |
34.9 (94.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
25.5 (77.9) |
32.2 (89.9) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
33.4 (92.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
33.9 (93.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
29.3 (84.7) |
24.2 (75.6) |
19.6 (67.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.2 (54.0) |
14.2 (57.6) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.1 (70.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
28.2 (82.8) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
27.8 (82.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
18.2 (64.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
21.69 (71.04) |
Record low °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
3.9 (39.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
11.5 (52.7) |
17.0 (62.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.0 (75.2) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.5 (68.9) |
12.0 (53.6) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
2.0 (35.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 49.2 (1.94) |
40.2 (1.58) |
34.9 (1.37) |
8.1 (0.32) |
2.8 (0.11) |
0.3 (0.01) |
1.0 (0.04) |
1.4 (0.06) |
0.4 (0.02) |
3.8 (0.15) |
5.4 (0.21) |
28.6 (1.13) |
176.1 (6.94) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 3.3 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 2.3 | 13.7 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
64 | 68 | 67 | 64 | 61 | 64 | 68 | 69 | 67 | 64 | 61 | 63 | 65 |
Average dew point °C (°F) | 10.8 (51.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
27.6 (81.7) |
27.4 (81.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.8 (71.2) |
16.2 (61.2) |
12.4 (54.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 220.1 | 211.9 | 232.5 | 242.4 | 312.7 | 302.2 | 264.6 | 270.1 | 270.1 | 283.4 | 251.2 | 228.8 | 3,090 |
Source: IRIMO (1957–2010)[22][23] |
Economy
Bandar Abbas exports transit goods, dates, citrus, tobacco, fishery. The city was formerly famous for its export of Iranian pottery, and was known in the west as "goombroon". "Goombroon ware" was the original
Transportation
Air
Bandar Abbas International Airport has capacity and facilities for landing large transport airplanes.
Roads
Bandar Abbas is accessible via the following highways:
- Bandar Abbas-Sirjan, 300 kilometres (190 mi) to the northeast.
- Bandar Abbas-Kerman, 484 kilometres (301 mi) to the northeast.
- Bandar Abbas-Shiraz, 650 kilometres (400 mi) to the north.
- Bandar Abbas-Zahedan, 722 kilometres (449 mi) to the east.
Rail
Since 1993, Bandar Abbas has been the southern terminus of Islamic Republic of Iran Railways' main North–South corridor that links it to Yazd, Qom, Tehran and Qazvin to the north.[citation needed]
Education
Universities
- Bandar Abbas University of Medical Sciences
- University of Hormozgan
- Islamic Azad University of Bandar Abbas
- Payame Noor University of Bandar Abbas
- Amir Kabir university of technology, Bandar Abbas Branch
- University of Applied Science and Technology, Bandar Abbas Branch
Sports
See also
References
- ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (4 September 2023). "Bandar Abbas, Bandar Abbas County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "Bandar Abbas, Bandar Abbas to exchange knowledge". 2 November 2021.
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from the original (Excel) on 5 May 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of elements and units of Hormozgan province's national divisions centered in Bandar Abbas city". Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
- ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 22. Archived from the original (Excel) on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ "Hobson Jobson Dictionary". Archived from the original on 28 July 2013.
- ^ electricpulp.com. "BANDAR-E ʿABBAS(I) i. The City – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org.
- ^ Bandar Abbas can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3055107" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ Iran: Provinces and Cities population statistics
- ^ "BANDARI". Encyclopædia Iranica. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ^ "Persian Gulf, Governery of BandarAbbas - خلیج فارس، فرمانداری بندرعباس". www.pgba.ir. Retrieved 19 September 2021.
- ^ "Language distribution: Hormozgan Province". Iran Atlas. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ^ https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/1137153/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3
- ^ Iran tourism and touring official website, Bandar Abbas
- ^ SalamIranProvince of Bandar Abbas
- ^ Donald Hawley: The Trucial States, Ardent Media, 1970, pp. 76.
- ^ a b Lawrence G. Potter, "The Consolidation of Iran's Frontier on the Persian Gulf in the Nineteenth Century", in Roxane Farmanfarmaian (ed.), War and Peace in Qajar Persia: Implications Past and Present (Routledge: 2008), pp. 125–48.
- ^ "Latest intelligence – Earthquake shocks on the Persian Gulf". The Times. No. 36824. 19 July 1902. p. 7.
- ^ "Weather History for Bandarabbass, Iran - Weather Underground". www.wunderground.com.
- ^ "Weather History for Bandarabbass, Iran - Weather Underground". www.wunderground.com.
- ^ "Bandar Abbas 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
- ^ "40875: Bandarabbass (Iran)". ogimet.com. OGIMET. 11 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
- ^ "Gchine Uranium Mine (Gachin Uranium Mine; Bandar Abbas Uranium Mine), Bandar Abbas County, Hormozgan Province, Iran".
- ^ "Bandar Abbas N27°11' E56°16'". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Mrs G MacKenzie (21 February 1947). "Pottery Production Can Be Mastered with Simple Tools". The Coast News. Halfmoon Bay, British Columbia. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
Further reading
External links
- Media related to Bandar Abbas at Wikimedia Commons
- Bandar Abbas on Iran Chamber Society (www.iranchamber.com)
- Bandar Abbas Port
- www.hums.ac.ir/english/province/hormozgan english/bandar_abbas.htm