Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor

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Hereditary Peerage
Preceded byPeerage created
Succeeded byThe 2nd Lord Parmoor
Member of Parliament
for Wycombe
In office
10 February 1910 – 16 January 1914
Preceded byArnold Herbert
Succeeded byWilliam Baring du Pré
Member of Parliament
for Stretford
In office
26 February 1901 – 8 February 1906
Preceded bySir John Maclure, 1st Baronet
Succeeded byHarry Nuttall
Member of Parliament
for Stroud
In office
7 August 1895 – 24 October 1900
Preceded byDavid Brynmor Jones
Succeeded byCharles Allen
Personal details
Born(1852-10-03)3 October 1852
Died30 June 1941(1941-06-30) (aged 88)
NationalityBritish
Political party
Marian Ellis (d. 1952)
Children4, including Stafford
RelativesPeggy Cripps (granddaughter)
Kwame Anthony Appiah (great-grandson)
Alma materNew College, Oxford
Vanity Fair
in 1902.

Charles Alfred Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor,

PC, KC (3 October 1852 – 30 June 1941) was a British politician who crossed the floor from the Conservative to the Labour Party and was a strong supporter of the League of Nations and of Church of England
causes.

Family and early career

Cripps was born in 1852 in

Queen's Counsel from Berkshire. He attended Winchester College from 1866 and New College, Oxford, from 1871, both on scholarships,[2] and won four first classes at Oxford. At the end of his undergraduate years he was awarded a Fellowship at St John's College, Oxford
, which he held for six years.

He was called to the Bar from the

Queen's Counsel and in 1893 a Bencher of the Middle Temple. He was appointed as Attorney-General to the Prince of Wales in 1895, an appointment he retained until 1914 under two further Princes, the future George V in 1901[3] and the future Edward VIII in 1910; his personal service to the royal family was rewarded in 1908 with a knighthood in the Royal Victorian Order
.

Parliament

Cripps later claimed to have been a supporter of the Liberal Party, but in deference to his die-hard Conservative father, he declined to get involved in politics. However he sided with the Unionists over the issue of home rule for Ireland and was elected as a Unionist to Parliament for Stroud in 1895,[4] where he was a member of the South Africa Commission (investigating the Jameson Raid). He lost his seat in 1900, but soon returned in a by-election as MP for Stretford.[4]

As a devout

Vicar-General of York in 1900 and of Canterbury in 1902. He again lost his seat in the Liberal landslide victory of 1906, but was elected for Wycombe (the constituency which included the family home) in 1910.[5] He received a peerage from the Liberal government in 1914 and took the title Baron Parmoor, of Frieth in the County of Buckingham,[6]
from the family estate.

During the

A-G v De Keyser's Royal Hotel Ltd
(1920).

Great War

Parmoor considered that his elevation to the peerage in a semi-judicial role had removed any previous political affiliations. The war had a profound effect on Parmoor's political views, as he considered the decision to go to war a disaster. He opposed conscription and sympathised with conscientious objectors, who he thought were subject to excessive punishment.

In the aftermath of war, he became very active in international causes, setting up the 'Fight the Famine Council' which had as its secondary objective the establishment of a League of Nations. The organisation was non-partisan but several

Church Assembly was established in 1920 to govern the Church of England, Parmoor was elected to the House of Laity
and became its first chairman.

Labour Party

Parmoor approved of the statement on peace in the Labour Party's 1923 election manifesto. After the election, with a Labour government in prospect, he received a letter from

Foreign Secretary, also chose Parmoor as British representative to the Council of the League of Nations
, and to its Assembly in September 1924.

After the end of the Labour government, Parmoor remained active in the House of Lords, and when Haldane died in 1928, was elected Leader of the Labour Peers. He served again as

National Government
in August 1931, disapproving of MacDonald's actions on constitutional grounds, but stepped down as Leader of the Labour Peers at the dissolution of Parliament on 7 October.

Family

In 1881, Charles Cripps married Theresa Potter, daughter of the Radical MP

Marian Ellis; there were no children of the marriage. Lord Parmoor died in June 1941, aged 88. His second wife died in July 1952.[citation needed
]

Arms

Coat of arms of Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor
Crest
An ostrich’s head couped Argent gorged with a coronet of fleurs-de-lis and holding in the beak a horseshoe Or.
Escutcheon
Chequy Ermines and Argent on a chevron Vert five horseshoes Or.
Supporters
On either side a seahorse Proper supporting a pennon Ermines charged with a swan rousand Argent beaked and legged Gules ducally gorged and lined Or
Motto
Fronti Nulla Fides[9]

References

  1. ^ Lancashire at the Opening of the Twentieth Century, W. Burnett Tracy, Lancashire: W. T. Pike, 1903, p. 122
  2. ^ "Mr Charles Alfred Cripps, MA, BCL, KC, MP". Lancashire Faces & Places. 1 (3): 39–40. March 1901.
  3. ^ "No. 27294". The London Gazette. 15 March 1901. p. 1848.
  4. ^ a b "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Stamford and Spalding to Stroud and Thornbury". Archived from the original on 10 August 2009. Retrieved 24 July 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  5. ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Witney to Wythenshawe and Sale East". Archived from the original on 31 December 2010. Retrieved 24 July 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  6. ^ "No. 28794". The London Gazette. 20 January 1914. p. 495.
  7. ^ "No. 28795". The London Gazette. 23 January 1914. p. 587.
  8. ^ Privy Council, The Zamora, On Appeal from the High Court, Probate, Divorce, and Admiralty Division. (In Prize.) Powers of King in Council – Royal Prerogative – Extent to which Orders in Council are binding – Inherent Powers of the Court – Preservation of Property in Specie – Neutral Cargo – Contraband – Seizure as Prize – Requisition before Adjudication – Validity – Prize Court Rules at uniset.ca
  9. ^ Debrett's Peerage. 1921.

External links

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Stroud
1895–1900 		Succeeded by
Charles Allen
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Stretford
1901–1906 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Wycombe
1910–1914 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Lord President of the Council
1924 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Lord President of the Council
1929–1931 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Leader of the House of Lords
1929–1931 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Leader of the Labour Party in the House of Lords
1928–1931 		Succeeded by
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation Baron Parmoor
1914–1941 		Succeeded by
Alfred Cripps
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