Ciglitazone
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Ciglitazone (
Takeda Pharmaceuticals in the early 1980s, it is considered the prototypical compound for the thiazolidinedione class.[1][2][3][4]
Ciglitazone was never used as a medication, but it sparked interest in the effects of thiazolidinediones. Several
analogues were later developed, some of which—such as pioglitazone and troglitazone—made it to the market.[2]
Ciglitazone significantly decreases VEGF production by human granulosa cells in an in vitro study, and may potentially be used in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.[5] Ciglitazone is a potent and selective
PPARγ ligand. It binds to the PPARγ ligand-binding domain with an EC50 of 3.0 μM. Ciglitazone is active in vivo as an anti-hyperglycemic agent in the ob/ob murine model.[6] Inhibits HUVEC differentiation and angiogenesis and also stimulates adipogenesis and decreases osteoblastogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells.[7]