Crocodylus
Crocodylus | |
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Mugger crocodile (C. palustris) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Clade: | Archosauromorpha |
Clade: | Archosauriformes |
Order: | Crocodilia |
Family: | Crocodylidae |
Subfamily: | Crocodylinae |
Genus: | Crocodylus Laurenti, 1768 |
Type species | |
Crocodylus niloticus
, 1768 | |
Species | |
See text | |
Worldwide distribution of Crocodylus | |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Crocodylus is a
Taxonomy
The
Extant species
The 13–14 living species are:
Image | Scientific name | Taxon authority | Common name | Distribution |
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Crocodylus acutus | (Cuvier, 1807) | American crocodile | Southern Florida and the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of north Mexico to North America as far south as Peru and Venezuela, Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola and Grand Cayman. | |
Crocodylus halli [4] | Murray, Russo, Zorrilla & McMahan, 2019 | Hall's crocodile | southern New Guinea | |
Crocodylus intermedius | (Graves, 1819) | Orinoco crocodile | Colombia and Venezuela | |
Crocodylus johnstoni | Krefft, 1873 | Freshwater crocodile | Northern regions of Australia | |
Crocodylus mindorensis | Schmidt, 1935 | Philippine crocodile | Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park within the Luzon rainforest, San Mariano, Isabela, Dalupiri island in the Babuyan Islands, Abra (province) in Luzon and the Ligawasan Marsh, Lake Sebu in South Cotabato, Pulangi River in Bukidnon, and possibly in the Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary in Mindanao | |
Crocodylus moreletii | (A.H.A. Duméril & Bibron, 1851) | Morelet's crocodile or Mexican crocodile | Mexico, Belize and Guatemala | |
Crocodylus niloticus | Laurenti, 1768 | Nile crocodile or African crocodile, (the subspecies found in Madagascar, C. n. madagascariensis, is sometimes called the black crocodile) | Israel and Syria (historically), Somalia, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Egypt, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Gabon, Angola, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, Sudan, South Sudan, Botswana, and Cameroon | |
Crocodylus novaeguineae | Schmidt, 1928 | New Guinea crocodile | northern New Guinea | |
Crocodylus palustris | ( Lesson , 1831) |
Mugger crocodile, marsh crocodile, or Indian crocodile | southern Iran, southern Pakistan, southern Nepal, India, Sri Lanka | |
Crocodylus porosus | Schneider, 1801 | Saltwater crocodile or estuarine crocodile | Eastern India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia and Northern Australia | |
Crocodylus rhombifer | (Cuvier, 1807) | Cuban crocodile | Cuba | |
Crocodylus siamensis | Schneider, 1801 | Siamese crocodile | Indonesia (Borneo and possibly Java), Brunei, East Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. | |
Crocodylus suchus | Geoffroy, 1807 | West African crocodile or desert crocodile | Mauritania, Benin, Liberia, Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Senegal, Mali, Guinea, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Gabon, Togo, Ivory Coast and Republic of Congo | |
Crocodylus raninus (Considered to be a synonym of Crocodylus porosus; its status remains unclear).[5] | S. Müller & Schlegel, 1844 | Borneo crocodile
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Borneo |
Fossils
Crocodylus also includes five
- † Crocodylus anthropophagus is an extinct crocodile from Plio-Pleistocene of Tanzania.
- † Crocodylus checchiai is an extinct crocodile from Late Miocene of Kenya.
- † Crocodylus falconensis is an extinct crocodile from Early Pliocene of Venezuela.
- † Crocodylus palaeindicus is an extinct crocodile the Miocene to the Pleistocene of southern Asia.
- † Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni is an extinct crocodile from Plio-Pleistocene of Kenya.
Evolution
Crocodylus likely originated in Africa and radiated outwards towards Southeast Asia and the Americas,
Phylogeny
A 2018
The below cladogram shows the results of the latest study:
Crocodylidae
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(crown group) |
References
- ^ Crocodylus . Retrieved through: Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera on 17 April 2022.
- ^ Laurenti, J.N. (1768). "XV. Crocodylus". Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austriacorum [Medical Treatise, Exhibiting an Emended Synopsis of Reptiles, with Experiments Concerning Venoms and Antidotes for Austrian Reptiles]. Vienna: Joan. Thom. Nob. de Trattnern. pp. 53–55.
- ^ S2CID 85103427.
- .
- ^ Species Crocodylus porosus at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
- ^ PMID 33907305.
- S2CID 7254442.
- PMID 30051855.