Dęblin

Coordinates: 51°34′0″N 21°51′41″E / 51.56667°N 21.86139°E / 51.56667; 21.86139
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Deblin" redirects here. For the town in the Czech Republic, see Deblín.
"Dęblin–Irena" redirects here. For the Nazi German ghetto and forced-labor camp, see
Dęblin–Irena Ghetto
.
Dęblin
Mniszech
Palace and park
Car plates
LRY
National roads
Voivodeship roads
Websitehttp://www.deblin.pl/
Map

Dęblin

Polish Air Force Academy (Polish: Lotnicza Akademia Wojskowa), and as such Dęblin is one of the most important places associated with aviation in Poland. The town is also a key railroad junction, located along the major Berlin – Warsaw line, with two additional connections stemming from Dęblin – one westwards to Radom, and another one northeast to Łuków
.

History

18th-century view of the palace and park

Dęblin was first mentioned as a village in historical documents dating from 1397. At that time, it was ruled by Castellans from Sieciechów. It was a private village of Polish nobility, including the Mniszech family, administratively located in the Stężyca County in the Sandomierz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.[2]

It was annexed by

Ivan Paskievich
, who played a prominent role in the suppression of the November Uprising. From then on until the end of Russian rule in this part of Poland (1915) Dęblin was often referred to by its new Russian name of Ivangorod.

In the years after the November Uprising the military significance of the Dęblin site, at the confluence of two important rivers (the Vistula and the Wieprz), was noted. In the years 1838–1845 the Ivangorod fortress was constructed, sited to protect a crossing across the Vistula. After 1859 the fortress was further expanded. In the early 1880s a railway line connecting Lublin with Silesia was built, with a bridge over the Vistula passing near the fortress, further enhancing its importance. In 1854 the core of the present-day town, at its founding named the Irena Colony, was established. It kept its name until 1953 when it was incorporated into the town of Dęblin. During the January Uprising, on September 26, 1863, it was the site of a skirmish between Polish insurgents and Russian troops.[3]

Polish Air Force Academy
in Dęblin, 1937

The fortress played a role in

Polish Army, and in the nearby village of Stawy one of the largest ammunition depots of the Polish Army (Główna Składnica Uzbrojenia nr. 2) was located. In 1927 the famous Polish Air Force academy was officially moved to Dęblin, after its founding in Grudziądz
in 1925 (some pilot training has been conducted here since 1920). It continues to function today.

During the invasion of Poland, which started World War II, Dęblin was captured by the Wehrmacht on September 15, 1939. Under the German occupation, its Jewish population perished during the Holocaust. Dęblin was a location of a German prisoner-of-war camp for Polish, French, Dutch, Belgian, Senegalese, Soviet and Italian POWs, designated at various times as Stalag 307 and Oflag 77. Dęblin was seized by the Red Army on July 25–26, 1944, and was eventually restored to Poland.

In the postwar years Dęblin was rebuilt and expanded. It received its town charter in 1954.

Stawy Ammunition Depot

Stawy, now a district of Dęblin, was a separate settlement in the Second Polish Republic. It is located along rail line from Dęblin to Ryki, among pine forests. Stawy has a population of 500.

In January 1921, construction of Ammunition Plant began in local forests. The name of the plan was soon changed into Main Ammunition Depot Nr. 2. At that time, the location of the depot was not named, it was simply called "Forest Barracks". On July 1, 1924, Minister of Military Affairs, General Władysław Sikorski officially changed the name Forest Barracks into Stawy.

The depot at Stawy was one of the largest such facilities in the interbellum Poland. During the

Polish Northern Front (1939). The operation was carried out by soldiers of the 39th Infantry Division (General Bruno Olbrycht). Nevertheless, Kleeberg and his soldiers failed to capture Stawy, as they capitulated in early October 1939, after the Battle of Kock (1939)
.

Symbols

The flag of Dęblin consists of three stripes: upper silver (white), middle gold, and lower blue, with the silver and blue zones occupying two fifths each and gold one-fifth of the flag height.

Tourist attractions

Sights of Dęblin (examples)
Mniszech Palace
Park
Dęblin Fortress
Polish Air Force Museum
  • Dęblin Fortress
  • Mniszech Palace and park
  • Polish Air Force Museum (Muzeum Sił Powietrznych w Dęblinie)

Sports

Dęblin is home to a football club Czarni Dęblin [pl]. It competes in the lower leagues.

People associated with Dęblin

Other

In the Chicago suburb of Oak Lawn, Illinois, which has a high concentration of Polish Americans, one of the streets bears the name of Dęblin Lane.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-07-30. Data for territorial unit 0616011.
  2. ^ Województwo sandomierskie w drugiej połowie XVI wieku; Cz.1, Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. 1993. p. 3.
  3. ^ Zieliński, Stanisław (1913). Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu (in Polish). Rapperswil: Fundusz Wydawniczy Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu. p. 72.
  4. ISSN 1427-1443
    .

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dęblin.
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