Deltaretrovirus

Deltaretrovirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Pararnavirae
Phylum:	Artverviricota
Class:	Revtraviricetes
Order:	Ortervirales
Family:	Retroviridae
Subfamily:	Orthoretrovirinae
Genus:	Deltaretrovirus
Species
Bovine leukemia virus Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1 Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2 Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3

Deltaretrovirus is a

The genus of viruses is known for its propensity to target immune cells and oncogenity, evident in the names of the four named species.[1] Infection is usually asymptomatic, but inflammation and cancer can develop over time.^[2]

Classification

Four species are recognized by the ICTV as of 2023:

• Bovine leukemia virus
• Primate T-lymphotropic virus 1
• Primate T-lymphotropic virus 2
• Primate T-lymphotropic virus 3

Two additional PTLVs are known but not regonized: HTLV-4 (South Cameroon, 2005) and STLV-5 (Mac B43 strain, highly divergent PTLV-1).^[3]

In addition, eight endogenous retroviruses identified as Deltaretrovirus are known as of 2019. Two of these were complete enough to show ORFs; the rest only showing long terminal repeats.^[1]

Hosts

Known exogenous deltaretroviruses infect cattle and primates.^[1]

The two complete endogenous ones were found in bats and dolphins; the others in Solenodon, mongoose, and fossa. These endogenous examples fill in the large gap in the host range.^[1]

Clinical relevance

References