dir (command)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
For other uses, see Dir (disambiguation).
dir

dir, short for directory, is a

directories.[1] Arguably, the command provides the same essential functionality as the ls command, but typically the two commands are described as notably separate concepts, possibly since ls is implemented from a codebase
that shares more history than many dir implementations.

The command is often implemented as internal in the operating system shell instead of as a separate application as many other commands are.

Implementations

Screenshot showing the "Abort, Retry, Fail?" prompt on MS-DOS.

Although syntax, semantics and implementations vary, a dir command is available in the

ROM-DOS,[11] ReactOS,[12] GNU,[13] AROS[14] and in the DCL command-line interface used on DEC VMS, RT-11 and RSX-11. It is also supplied with OS/8
as a CUSP (Commonly-Used System Program).

The dir command is supported by

directory with no diskette
in the drive.

The File Transfer Protocol (

FTP
) client program ftp is using dir command for listing remote directory.

The numerical computing environments MATLAB and GNU Octave include a dir function with similar functionality.[17][18]

Examples

CP/M 3.0 directory listing on a Commodore 128
home computer.
SCP running on a robotron PC 1715
.
Elwro 804 Junior
.
Microsoft Windows Command Prompt showing a directory listing.

DOS, Windows, ReactOS

List all files and directories in the current working directory. 

C:\Users>dir

List any text files and batch files (filename extension ".txt" or ".bat"). 

C:\Users>dir *.txt *.bat

command-line options because it contains a whitespace character
. 

C:\Users>dir /s /w /p "C:\Users\johndoe\My Documents"

List any

NTFS junction points
: 

C:\Users>dir /ash
Volume in drive C is OS.
Volume Serial Number is xxxx-xxxx
Directory of C:\Users
12/07/2019  02:30 AM    <SYMLINKD>     All Users [C:\ProgramData]
12/07/2019  02:30 AM    <JUNCTION>     Default User [C:\Users\Default]
12/07/2019  02:12 AM               174 desktop.ini
              1 File(s)            174 bytes
              2 Dir(s)  332,659,789,824 bytes free

Unix

Traditionally, Unix and Unix-like systems use the ls command for the needs that dir satisfies. But, the GNU operating system, has a dir command that "is equivalent to ls -C -b; that is, by default files are listed in columns, sorted vertically, and special characters are represented by backslash escape sequences".[19] Actually, for compatibility reasons, ls produces device-dependent output. The dir command, on the other hand, produces device-independent output.

See also

References

  1. ISBN 9781557550491
    – via Internet Archive.
  2. ^ "Operating manual" (PDF). cpm.z80.de. Retrieved 2019-10-22.
  3. ^ Digital Research (1981-09-25). MP/M-86 Operating System - User's Guide (PDF) (1 ed.). Pacific Grove, CA, USA: Digital Research. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-01-04. Retrieved 2017-01-04.
  4. ^ ISIS II Users Guide
  5. ^ iRMX 86 INTRODUCTION AND OPERATOR'S REFERENCE MANUAL For Release 6
  6. ^ CDOS USER'S MANUAL
  7. ^ "Introduction to Tripos" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-10-22.
  8. ^ [1][dead link]
  9. ^ "JaTomes Help - OS/2 Commands". www.jatomes.com. Archived from the original on 2019-04-14. Retrieved 2019-07-20.
  10. ^ "MS-DOS and Windows command line dir command". www.computerhope.com.
  11. ^ "Datalight ROM-DOS User's Guide" (PDF). www.datalight.com.
  12. ^ "GitHub - reactos/reactos: A free Windows-compatible Operating System". October 22, 2019 – via GitHub.
  13. ^ "GNU Coreutils Manual". Free Software Foundation.
  14. ^ "AROS Research Operating System". aros.sourceforge.net.
  15. Seattle Computer Products, Inc. 1980. Archived from the original
    (PDF) on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2019-07-14. (59 pages)
  16. ISBN 0-7356-1812-7
    .
  17. ^ "List folder contents - MATLAB dir". www.mathworks.com.
  18. ^ "Function Reference: dir". octave.sourceforge.io.
  19. ^ dir invocation (GNU coreutils) at www.gnu.org

Further reading

Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Guide to Windows Commands
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