Eupomatia
Eupomatia | |
---|---|
1855 illustration of Eupomatia bennettii | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Magnoliids |
Order: | Magnoliales |
Family: | Eupomatiaceae |
Genus: | Eupomatia R.Br.[1] |
Type species | |
Eupomatia laurina | |
Species | |
Eupomatia is a genus of three species of plants in the ancient family Eupomatiaceae, and is the sole genus in the family. Eupomatiaceae is recognised by most taxonomists and classified in the plant order Magnoliales. The three described species are shrubs or small trees, native to the rainforests and humid eucalypt forests of eastern Australia and New Guinea. The type species Eupomatia laurina was described in 1814 by Robert Brown.
Description
Plants of this family are evergreen shrubs or small trees. The leaves are simple and alternate, without hairs or stipules, and may be distichous or spirally arranged. Leaf blades are somewhat leathery, with pinnate venation (with a midrib and pairs of veins branching off on either side) and entire (not toothed) margins. Tertiary venation is reticulate, i.e. net-like.[2][3]
The flowers are fragrant, bisexual, axillary or terminal, usually single but occasionally in clusters of 2 or 3. They are initially fully covered by a cap known as a calyptra. The perianth (i.e. petals and sepals) is absent. Female parts mature before the males parts. Stamens and staminodes are numerous and petal-like, arranged in a spiral following the Fibonacci sequence,[4] and detaching as a whole after maturity. The ovary is inferior, locules are numerous, style is absent and the stigma sessile.[2][3]
The fleshy fruit is an aggregate and berry-like with numerous seeds. The endosperm is ruminate (i.e. grooved or wrinkled).[2][3]
Systematics
The APG IV system of 2016 places this family in the order Magnoliales under the clade magnoliids,[5] where it has been through the history of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It is most closely related to the family Annonaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Website also considers Eupomatiaceae a sister group of the family Annonaceae in the terminal clade in the order's evolution.[6]
|
Species
As of 9 November 2023[update], Eupomatia contains the following three species.[1]
- Eupomatia barbata Jessup – northeastern Queensland
- Eupomatia bennettii F. Muell. – northeastern New South Wales and southeastern Queensland
- Eupomatia laurina R. Br. – eastern Australia and New Guinea
The species occur in tropical and subtropical rainforests
Ecology
Phytochemistry
Plants contain unusual
References
- ^ a b "Eupomatia R.Br". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
- ^ ISBN 0-643-05965-2. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ a b c "Eupomatiaceae". Families of Flowering Plants of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Environment Australia. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- JSTOR 10.1086/375319.
- . Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ Stevens, P.F. "Magnoliales". Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- JSTOR 2388563.
- Endress, P.K. 1993. Eupomatiaceae. En: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G. & Bittrich, V. (Editores). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. II. Flowering Plants - Dicotyledons. Springer-Verlag.
- Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 1992 onwards. The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. Version: 29 July 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/
External links
- Eupomatiaceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval. Version: 3 May 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/.
- NCBI Taxonomy Browser
- links at CSDL, Texas Archived 5 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine* Eupomatia laurina, flor abriéndose
- Cut flower of Eupomatia laurina
- Eupomatia, flower in female phase
- Eupomatia bennettii, flower and young fruit
- Eupomatia laurina, overview
- Eupomatia laurina, dry fruit