Farsiwan

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Group of Pārsīwans in western Afghanistan, Herat Province, in 1878–80.

Fārsīwān (

Aymāq tribes, who also speak dialects of Persian (Hazaragi and Aimaq).[7]

The Farsiwan are often mistakenly referred to as Tajiks.[1][8] Although the term was originally coined with the Persian lexical root (Pārsībān), the suffix has been transformed into a Pashto form (-wān) and is usually used by the Pashtuns to designate both the Tajiks and the Farsiwans.

Characteristics

Like the Persians of Iran, the Farsiwan are often distinguished from Tajiks by their adherence to

Mongol ancestry.[11] Although the Qizilbash of Iran and Afghanistan are also Persian-speaking Shias, they are usually regarded as a separate group from the Farsiwan.[12]

Some confusion arises because an alternative name used locally for the Fārsīwān (as well as for the Tājiks in general) is Dehgān, meaning "village settlers", in the sense of "urban". The term is used in contrast to "nomadic".[13]

Geographic distribution

There are approximately 1.5 million Farsiwans in Afghanistan, mainly in the provinces of

Ghor, and Mazar-i-Sharif. They are also the main inhabitants of the city of Herāt.[15] Smaller populations can be found in Kabul, Kandahar and Ghazni.[13][16] Due to the large number of refugees from Afghanistan, significant Farsiwan communities nowadays also exist in Iran (mostly in Mashhad and Tehran
).

See also

References

  1. ^ a b The Encyc. Iranica makes clear in the article on Afghanistan — Ethnography that "The term Farsiwan also has the regional forms Parsiwan and Parsiban. In religion, they are Imami Shia. In literature, they are often mistakenly referred to as Tajik." Dupree, Louis (1982) "Afghanistan: (iv.) Ethnography", in Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition 2006.
  2. ISBN 90-04-05741-2
    , on page 131.
  3. ISBN 0-8108-0892-7
    , on page 36
  4. ^ ""Afghanistan: Historical political overview" FMO Research Guide". Archived from the original on 2008-07-24. Retrieved 2008-01-20.
  5. ^ Robson, Barbara and Lipson, Juliene (2002) "Chapter 5(B)- The People: The Tajiks and Other Dari-Speaking Groups" Archived January 27, 2010, at the Wayback Machine The Afghans - their history and culture Cultural Orientation Resource Center, Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, D.C., OCLC 56081073
  6. ^ H. F. Schurmann, The Mongols of Afghanistan: an Ethnography of the Moghols and Related Peoples of Afghanistan. The Hague: Mouton, 1962: [1]; p. 75: "... the Tajiks of Western Afghanistan [are] roughly the same as the Khûrâsânî Persians on the other side of the line ..."
  7. ^ M. Longworth Dames; G. Morgenstierne; R. Ghirshman (1999). "AFGHĀNISTĀN". Encyclopaedia of Islam (CD-ROM Edition v. 1.0 ed.). Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV.
  8. ISBN 0-313-33089-1
    , on page 11 says: "Farsiwan are a small group of people who reside in southern and western towns and villages in Herat. They are sometimes erroneously referred to as Tajiks."
  9. Encyclopaedia Iranica, printed version, p. 507 Archived 2009-04-14 at the Wayback Machine
    : "[...] 'Dari' is a term long recommended by Afghan authorities to designate Afghan Persian in contrast to Iranian Persian; a written language common to all educated Afghanis, Dari must not be confused with Kaboli, the dialect of Kabul [...] that is more or less understood by more than 80% of the non-Persian speaking population [...]"
  10. ^ E. H. Glassman, “Conversational Dari: An Introductory Course in Dari (= Farsi = Persian) as Spoken in Afghanistan” (revised edition of “Conversational Kabuli Dari,” with the assistance of M. Taher Porjosh), Kabul (The Language and Orientation Committee, International Afghan Mission, P.O. Box 625), 1970-72.
  11. ^ Library of Congress Country Studies - Afghanistan - Farsiwan (LINK)
  12. ISBN 0-86078-204-2
    , originally published in Der Islam no. 41 (October 1965) pp. 71-94
  13. ^
    G. Morgenstierne, R. Ghirshman, "Afghānistān", in Encyclopaedia of Islam
    , Online Edition
  14. ISBN 0-585-21026-8
    , on page 106
  15. ^ P. English, "Cities In The Middle East", e.d. L. Brown, Princeton University, USA 1973
  16. ^ L. Dupree, "Afghanistan: (iv.) Ethnography", in Encyclopædia Iranica Archived 2006-10-19 at the Wayback Machine Online Edition 2006

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Farsiwans.
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