Fuzhou
This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2013) |
Fuzhou
福州市 Hokchew | |
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Eastern Min Language | |
Website | Fuzhou.gov.cn |
Fuzhou | ||
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BUC |
Fuzhou[a] is the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian province, China. Fuzhou lies between the Min River estuary to the south and the city of Ningde to the north. Together, Fuzhou and Ningde make up the Mindong linguistic and cultural region.
Fuzhou's population was 7,115,370 as of the 2010 Census. Like other prefecture-level cities in China, its administrative area contains both urban and rural areas: in 2010, 61.95% of inhabitants (4,408,076) were urban, while 38.05% (2,707,294) were rural.[6] As of 31 December 2018, the total population was estimated at 7,740,000 whom 4,665,000 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of five urban districts plus Minhou County.[3] In 2015, Fuzhou was ranked as the 10th fastest growing metropolitan area in the world by Brookings Institution.[7] Fuzhou is listed as No. 20 in the China Integrated City Index 2016's total ranking, a study conducted by the National Development and Reform Commission.[8]
Fuzhou is also a major city for scientific research, appearing in the global top 50 cities as tracked by the Nature Index.[9] The city is home to several major universities, notably Fuzhou University, one of China's key universities and other public universities, including Fujian Normal University and Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.
Names
The
In older English publications, the name is variously romanized as Foochow, Foo-Chow,[11] Fuchow, Fūtsu, Fuh-Chow, Hock Chew, and Hokchew.
History
Pre-Qin history (before 221 BC)
The remains of two
Qin and Han dynasties (221 BC – AD 206)
The First Emperor of Qin unified ancient China in 221 BC and desired to bring the southern and southeast regions under Chinese rule. The Qin dynasty organized its territory into "Commanderies" (Chinese: 郡; pinyin: jùn)—roughly equivalent to a province or prefecture—and the Fujian area was organized as Minzhong Commandery (閩中郡). The area seems to have continued mostly independent of Chinese control for the next century. The Han dynasty followed the short-lived Qin, and Emperor Gaozu of Han declared both Minyue and neighboring Nanyue to be autonomous vassal kingdoms. In 202 BC, Emperor Gaozu enfeoffed a leader named Wuzhu (無諸; Old Chinese: Matya) as King of Minyue, and a walled city called Ye (冶; Old Chinese: Lya; literally: Beautiful) was built. The founding of Ye in 202 BC has become the traditional founding date of the city of Fuzhou.
In 110 BC, the armies of Emperor Wu of Han defeated the Minyue kingdom's armies during the Han–Minyue War and annexed its territory and people into China.[14] Many Minyue citizens were forcibly relocated into the Jianghuai area, and the Yue ethnic group was mostly assimilated into the Chinese, causing a sharp decline in Ye's inhabitants.[12] The area was eventually re-organized as a county in 85 BC.
Three Kingdoms to Sui dynasty (200–618)
During the
Tang to the ten kingdoms era (618–960)
In 725, the city was formally renamed "Fuzhou". Throughout the mid-
Fuzhou prospered during the Tang dynasty. Buddhism was quickly adopted by citizens who quickly built many Buddhist temples in the area.
Song era (960–1279)
Fuzhou underwent a major dramatic surge in its refined culture and educational institutions throughout the
The "Hualin" Temple (華林寺, not to be confused with the temple of the same name in
According to Odoric of Pordenone, Fuzhou had the biggest chickens in the world.[15]
Ming dynasty (1368–1644)
Between 1405 and 1433, a fleet of the
The Ming government gave a monopoly over
The Ryukyu Kingdom established an embassy in Fuzhou.
Qing dynasty (1644–1912)
In 1839,
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Foochow_morrison.jpg/220px-Foochow_morrison.jpg)
Fuzhou was one of the most important
On August 23, 1884, the Battle of Fuzhou broke out between the French Far East Fleet and the Fujian Fleet of the Qing dynasty. As the result, the Fujian Fleet, one of the four Chinese regional fleets, was destroyed completely in Mawei Harbor.[citation needed]
Republic of China
On November 8, 1911, revolutionaries staged an uprising in Fuzhou. After an overnight street battle, the Qing army surrendered.[citation needed]
Revolutionary Republic
On November 22, 1933,
Japanese occupation
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/1924_Imperial_Japanese_Railway_Map_of_Foochow_or_Fuzhou%2C_Fujian_Province%2C_China.png/220px-1924_Imperial_Japanese_Railway_Map_of_Foochow_or_Fuzhou%2C_Fujian_Province%2C_China.png)
With the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, hostilities commenced in Fujian Province. Xiamen (Amoy) fell to a Japanese landing force on May 13, 1938. The fall of Amoy instantly threatened the security of Fuzhou. On May 23, Japanese ships bombarded Mei-Hua, Huang-chi and Pei-Chiao while Japanese planes continued to harass Chinese forces. Between May 31 and June 1, Chinese gunboats Fu-Ning, Chen-Ning and Suming defending the blockade line in the estuary of the Min River were successively bombed and sunk. Meanwhile, the Chinese ship Chu-Tai berthed at Nan-Tai was damaged. The Chinese Navy's Harbor Command School, barracks, shipyard, hospital and marine barracks at Ma-Wei were successively bombed.[23] Fuzhou is recorded as having fallen to Japanese forces in 1938.[24]
The extent of Japanese command and control of the city of Fuzhou itself as opposed to the port at Mawei and the Min River Estuary is uncertain. By 1941 (5/7),[clarification needed] the city is recorded as having returned to Nationalist control. The British Consulate in Fuzhou is noted as operational from 1941 to 1944 after the United Kingdom Declaration of War on Japan in December 1941. Western visitors to Fuzhou in the period 1941–1944 include the Australian journalist Wilfred Burchett in 1942[25] and the British scientist Joseph Needham in May 1944.[26] Both visitors record the presence of a British Consul and a Fuzhou Club comprising western businessmen.
In The Man Who Loved China: The Fantastic Story of the Eccentric Scientist Who Unlocked the Mysteries of the Middle Kingdom, author
As part of Operation Ichi-Go (1944), the last large-scale Japanese offensive in China in World War II, Japanese troops intended to isolate Fuzhou and the Fujian Province corridor to Nationalist forces in western China and the wartime capital of Chongqing. One account of Japanese troops re-taking of Fuzhou city itself is narrated by American naval officer, Houghton Freeman.[27] The date is given as October 5, 1944.[28]
Fuzhou remained under Japanese control until May 18th 1945, months before the atomic bombings.
Following the restoration of Republic control (1946), the administration divisions of Fuzhou were annexed, and administration level was promoted from county-level to city-level officially.
People's Republic of China
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Txu-oclc-10552568-ng50-8-back.jpg/220px-Txu-oclc-10552568-ng50-8-back.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Foochow_Mosque.jpg/220px-Foochow_Mosque.jpg)
Fuzhou was occupied by the People's Liberation Army with little resistance on 17 August 1949.[29] In the 1950s, the city was on the front line of the conflict with the
Fuzhou was also involved in violent mass chaos during the
Under the
On December 13, 1993, a raging fire swept through a textile factory in Fuzhou and claimed the lives of 60 workers.[34]
On October 2, 2005, floodwaters from
Geography
![]() | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2013) |
Fuzhou is located in the northeast coast of Fujian province,[35] connects jointly northwards with Ningde and Nanping, southwards with Quanzhou and Putian, westwards with Sanming respectively.
Climate
Fuzhou has a
Climate data for Fuzhou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) |
28.5 (83.3) |
30.3 (86.5) |
36.2 (97.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
39.1 (102.4) |
41.7 (107.1) |
40.6 (105.1) |
39.3 (102.7) |
36.7 (98.1) |
33.4 (92.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
41.7 (107.1) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
16.6 (61.9) |
19.3 (66.7) |
24.1 (75.4) |
27.8 (82.0) |
31.2 (88.2) |
34.6 (94.3) |
33.8 (92.8) |
31.1 (88.0) |
26.9 (80.4) |
22.6 (72.7) |
17.8 (64.0) |
25.1 (77.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.4 (52.5) |
12.0 (53.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
19.0 (66.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
26.6 (79.9) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
22.7 (72.9) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
20.5 (69.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
9.3 (48.7) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.7 (60.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
23.8 (74.8) |
19.7 (67.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
10.9 (51.6) |
17.6 (63.6) |
Record low °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
0.3 (32.5) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.9 (51.6) |
18.9 (66.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.3 (68.5) |
18.3 (64.9) |
12.2 (54.0) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 56.3 (2.22) |
78.6 (3.09) |
129.9 (5.11) |
139.8 (5.50) |
189.3 (7.45) |
228.7 (9.00) |
150.1 (5.91) |
193.4 (7.61) |
133.0 (5.24) |
48.7 (1.92) |
51.0 (2.01) |
43.3 (1.70) |
1,442.1 (56.76) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.0 | 13.1 | 16.3 | 15.3 | 16.9 | 15.9 | 10.3 | 13.4 | 10.4 | 6.2 | 7.7 | 8.8 | 144.3 |
Average snowy days | 0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
73 | 75 | 76 | 75 | 77 | 80 | 73 | 75 | 72 | 67 | 70 | 70 | 74 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 91.4 | 82.3 | 96.7 | 112.8 | 119.5 | 132 | 215.6 | 182.4 | 145.1 | 142.2 | 105.3 | 101.8 | 1,527.1 |
Percent possible sunshine | 27 | 26 | 26 | 29 | 29 | 32 | 51 | 45 | 40 | 40 | 33 | 31 | 34 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration[38][39][40] |
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
See or edit raw graph data.
Administrative divisions
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
2000 | 6,386,013 | — |
2010 | 7,115,370 | +11.4% |
2020 | 8,291,268 | +16.5% |
Population size may be affected by changes on administrative divisions. |
The administrative divisions of Fuzhou have been changed frequently throughout history. From 1983, the Fuzhou current administrative divisions were formed officially, namely, 5 districts and 8 counties. In 1990 and 1994, Fuqing (
The city of Fuzhou has direct jurisdiction over 6
Map | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Gulou Taijiang Cangshan Mawei Jin'an Changle | ||||||
Name | Chinese (S) | Hanyu Pinyin
|
Foochow Romanized
|
Population (2020 census)[6] |
Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
City proper | 4,094,491 | 1,015.07 | 4033.70 | |||
Gulou District
|
鼓楼区 | Gǔlóu Qū | Gū-làu-kṳ̆ | 669,090 | 36.60 | 18,281 |
Taijiang District
|
台江区 | Táijiāng Qū | Dài-gĕ̤ng-kṳ̆ | 411,819 | 18.28 | 22,528 |
Cangshan District
|
仓山区 | Cāngshān Qū | Chŏng-săng-kṳ̆ | 1,142,991 | 139.41 | 8,199 |
Mawei District
|
马尾区 | Mǎwěi Qū | Mā-muōi-kṳ̆ | 290,554 | 254.33 | 1142 |
Jin'an District
|
晋安区 | Jìn'ān Qū | Céng-ăng-kṳ̆ | 789,775 | 566.45 | 1,394 |
Changle District
|
长乐区 | Chánglè Qū | Diòng-lŏ̤h-kṳ̆ | 790,262 | 717.54 | 1101 |
Suburban and Rural | ||||||
Minhou County | 闽侯县 | Mǐnhòu Xiàn[41] | Mìng-âu-gâing | 988,200 | 2,133.03 | 463 |
Lianjiang County | 连江县 | Liánjiāng Xiàn | Lièng-gŏng-gâing | 639,498 | 1,190.67 | 537 |
Luoyuan County | 罗源县 | Luóyuán Xiàn | Lò̤-nguòng-gâing | 255,214 | 1,081.17 | 236 |
Minqing County | 闽清县 | Mǐnqīng Xiàn | Mìng-chiăng-gâing | 256,181 | 1,468.90 | 174 |
Yongtai County | 永泰县 | Yǒngtài Xiàn | Īng-tái-gâing | 281,216 | 2,243.41 | 125 |
Pingtan County | 平潭县 | Píngtán Xiàn | Bìng-tàng-gâing | 385,981 | 371.09 | 1040 |
Satellite cities | ||||||
Fuqing | 福清市 | Fúqīng Shì | Hók-chiăng-chê | 1,390,487 | 1,932.43 | 720 |
Total | 8,291,268 | 12,153.31 | 682.22 |
Culture
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Zuohai_Park_North_Gate.jpg/220px-Zuohai_Park_North_Gate.jpg)
The culture of Fuzhou is distinct from the mainstream inland cultures of central China, and in details vary from other areas of the Chinese coast.
Language and art
Besides Mandarin Chinese, the majority local residents of Fuzhou (Fuzhou people) also speak Fuzhounese (福州話), the prestige form of Eastern Min.
Religion
The two traditional mainstream religions practiced in Fuzhou are
Apart from mainstream religions, a number of religious worship sites of various local religions are situated in the streets and lanes of Fuzhou.
The origins of local religion can be dated back centuries. These diverse religions incorporated elements such as gods and doctrines from other religions and cultures, such as totem worship and traditional legends. For example, Monkey King, originated to monkey worship among local ancients, gradually came to embody the God of Wealth in Fuzhou after the novel Journey to the West was issued in Ming dynasty.
As the most popular religion in the Min River Valley, the worship of
Local cuisine
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Litchi_Pork.jpg/220px-Litchi_Pork.jpg)
Fuzhou is famous for its street food and snacks. Some notable street food dishes include Fuzhou fish balls (魚丸), meat-pastry dumplings (扁肉燕), oyster cake (海蛎饼), rice scroll soup (鼎邊糊), guong bian (光餅; a kind of mildly savory pastry), Buddha Jumps over the Wall (佛跳墙),and pork floss (肉鬆). Many of these street food dishes have a long history and their own local legend; an example would be the oyster cake, according Fuzhou local folklore, in the early Qing dynasty, there was a young man who inherited his father's dim sum business, despite all his hard works, he only managed to earn enough money to feed himself, not enough to raise and feed a family of his own. One night, he dreamt of a silver-haired elderly man, who told him that he has very good fortune, the young man then asked him what he can do to obtain good luck, the elderly man then floated away. That's when the young man notice the setting moon, and after the moon sank under the clouds, rose from the east a golden sun, he was inspired by the dream and invented oyster cake, which is white like the moon before being lowered into hot grease and coming out golden as the morning sun. According to the legend, after the young man made a fortune out of his invention and his oyster cake was imitated by many others, which was passed down till this day. another example of a Fuzhou street food with a long history is rice scroll soup, which became popular in Fuzhou in the early part of the Qing dynasty. As more Fuzhou residents settled overseas, Fuzhou dishes spread to Taiwan, Southeast Asia and the U.S.. For example, one is able to find guong bian and Fuzhou fish balls in Sitiawan in Ipoh, Malaysia while Fuzhou fish balls, meat-pastry dumplings and rice scroll soup can be found in New York's Chinatown.
Fuzhou residents also enjoy eating festival foods during traditional Chinese holidays. For example, red and white rice cakes (年糕) are served over Chinese New Year, tangyuan[citation needed] (汤圆) during the Lantern Festival, zongzi (粽子) during the Dragon Boat Festival, and sweet soy bean powder-covered plain yuanxiao over the winter solstice.
Olive juice is also a much sought-after refreshment. Ganlanzhi (橄榄汁) is cloudy and light yellowish-green in color. Olive trees grown on the Canarium album tree in Fuzhou since the Tang Dynasty, it was even approved as a trademark with geographic indication by China in 2010. Not found elsewhere in China, ganlanzhi (橄榄汁) is also a reminder of the many regional differences in China when it comes to food.
Special crafts
Bodiless lacquerware (脫胎漆器), paper umbrellas and horn combs (角梳) are the "Three Treasures" of Fuzhou traditional arts. In addition, bodiless lacquerware, together with cork pictures (軟木畫) and Shoushan stone sculptures (壽山石雕) are called "Three Superexcellences" of Fuzhou.
Media
Fuzhou Evening News (福州晚报), Strait Metropolitan Post and Southeast Express (东南快报) are the three most primary newspapers in the city. Fuzhou Daily (福州日报) is the official newspaper of the Fuzhou Committee of Chinese Communist Party.[43] FZTV, the local municipal television station has four channels.[44] As the capital, the provincial state-owned Fujian Media Group, Fujian Daily Newspaper Group and Straits Publishing & Distributing Group also headquarter here.
Transportation
Airports
The city is served by Fuzhou Changle International Airport, which replaces Fuzhou Yixu Airport, the old airfield. The former is its main international airport and an air-hub in southeast China, while the latter was turned into a PLA airbase after 1997.
Railways
Fuzhou is a railway hub in northern Fujian. The
Metro
Fuzhou Metro is the first rapid transit system in Fujian province. It has two metro lines in operation and five lines under construction.[45]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/20171118_Platform_of_Fuzhou_Railway_Station_%28Fuzhou_Metro%29_01.jpg/220px-20171118_Platform_of_Fuzhou_Railway_Station_%28Fuzhou_Metro%29_01.jpg)
Line 2 runs in the east–west direction of the city, linking the university city and Fuzhou High-Tech Zone in Minhou county, Jinshan Industrial Zone in Cangshan district, and Gushan mountain in Jin'an district. Line 2 was opened on 26 April 2019.
Seaport
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lo-nguong_Bay.jpg/220px-Lo-nguong_Bay.jpg)
A high-speed ferry sails across Taiwan Strait between the port in Pingtan County, the mainland's closest point to Taiwan, to Taipei and Taichung, a trip that takes about 3 hours.[48]
History of Fuzhou port
In 1867 the Fuzhou seaport was the site of one of China's first major experiments with Western technology, when the Fuzhou Navy Yard was established. A shipyard and an arsenal were built under French guidance and a naval school was opened. A naval academy was also established at the shipyard, and it became a center for the study of European languages and technical sciences. The academy, which offered courses in English, French, engineering, and navigation, produced a generation of Western-trained officers, including the famous scholar-reformer Yan Fu (1854–1921).
The yard was established as part of a program to strengthen China in the wake of the country's disastrous defeat in the
Since 1949, Fuzhou has grown considerably. Transportation has been improved by the dredging of the
Economy
Year | GDP (billions of CN¥) |
Growth (%) |
---|---|---|
2005 | 172.000 | 9.8 |
2006 | 165.694 | 12.2 |
2007 | 197.459 | 15.1 |
2008 | 228.416 | 13.0 |
2009 | 252.428 | 12.8 |
2010 | 306.821 | 14.0 |
2011 | 373.478 | 13.0 |
Industry is supplied with power by a grid running from the
Its
Fuzhou is undoubtedly the province's political, economic and cultural center as well as an industrial center and seaport on the Min River. In 2008, Fuzhou's GDP amounted to ¥228.4 billion, an increase of 13 percent.[49]
Manufactured products include chemicals, silk and cotton textiles, iron and steel, and processed food. Among Fuzhou's exports are fine lacquerware and handcrafted fans and umbrellas. The city's trade is mainly with Chinese coastal ports. Its exports of timber, food products, and paper move through the harbor at Guantou located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) downstream.[50]
In 2008, exports reached US$13.6 billion, a growth of 10.4 percent while imports amounted to US$6.8 billion. Total retail sales for the same period came to ¥113.4 billion and per capita GDP grew to ¥33,615.[50] During the same period, Fuzhou approved 155 foreign-invested projects. Contracted foreign investment amounted to US$1.489 billion, while utilized foreign investment increased by 43 percent to US$1.002 billion.[50]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Fuzhou_Cityscape_%28Taixi_CBD%29.jpg/254px-Fuzhou_Cityscape_%28Taixi_CBD%29.jpg)
Economic and technological zones
Fuzhou Economic & Technological Development Zone
The Fuzhou Economic & Technological Development Zone was established in January 1985 by the State Council, with a total planning area of 22 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi) and now has 10.1 square kilometres (3.9 sq mi) built. It is located close to Fuzhou Changle International Airport and Fuzhou Port. Industries encouraged in the zone include electronics assembly and manufacturing, telecommunications equipment, trading and distribution, automobile production/assembly, medical equipment and supplies, shipping/warehousing/logistics, and heavy industry.[51]
Fuzhou Export Processing Zone
The Fuzhou Export Processing Zone was founded on June 3, 2005, with the approval of the State Council and enjoys all the preferential policies. It is located inside the Chang'an Investment Zone of the Fuzhou Economic and Technical Development Zone (FETDZ) with a planned land area of 1.14 square kilometres (0.44 sq mi).[52]
Fuzhou Free Trade Zone
The Fuzhou Free Trade Zone was established in 1992 by the State Council, with a planning area of 1.8 square kilometres (0.69 sq mi). Industries encouraged in the free trade zone include electronics assembly and manufacturing, heavy industry, instruments and industrial equipment production, shipping/warehousing/logistics, telecommunications equipment, trading, and distribution.[53]
Fuzhou High-Tech Industrial Development Zone
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Residential_Buildings_in_Fuzhou.jpg/220px-Residential_Buildings_in_Fuzhou.jpg)
Fuzhou High-tech Development Zone was set up in 1988 and approved by the State Council in March 1991. In 1995, the Fuzhou municipal government decided to build Baiyi Electronic Information City, which covers 1.2 square kilometres (0.46 sq mi) in the zone, making it the lead electronic industrial zone in Fuzhou. The Administrative Commission of Mawei High-tech Park was set up in the zone in 1999. It covers an area of 5.6 square kilometres (2.2 sq mi), and is in the area between Gushan Channel and Mawei Channel, Jiangbin Road and Fuma Road.[54]
Fuzhou Science and Technology Park
The Fuzhou Science and Technology Park was established in 1988 and was approved to be a national-level zone by the State Council in 1991. The planned area is 5.5 square kilometres (2.1 sq mi) and is divided into 3 parts: the Mawei portion, the Cangshan portion, and the Hongshan portion. The main industries are electronics, information technology, and biotechnology. The zone is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) away from the China National Highway 316 and 41 kilometres (25 mi) away from the Fuzhou Changle International Airport.[55]
Fuzhou Taiwan Merchant Investment Area
The Fuzhou Taiwan Merchants Development Zone was approved to be established in May 1989 by the State Council. The zone is located in the Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone. The zone is a commercial base for Taiwan-related development. The current area is 6 square kilometres (2.3 sq mi). The main industries are IT, metallurgy, food processing, and textiles. The zone is 11.5 kilometres (7.1 mi) away from the 316 National Highway and 52 kilometres (32 mi) away from Fuzhou Changle International Airport.[56]
Cityscape
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Fuzhou_skyline.jpg/662px-Fuzhou_skyline.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Fuzhou_Taixi_CBD.jpg/663px-Fuzhou_Taixi_CBD.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/West_Lake_Fuzhou.jpg/663px-West_Lake_Fuzhou.jpg)
Tourist attractions
![]() | This section is written like a encyclopedic style or move the content to Wikivoyage . (May 2018) |
Historical / cultural
- Lin Zexu Memorial Hall (林则徐纪念馆) (Aomen Rd)
- West Lake (福州西湖) (An artificial landscape-style lake built in 282)
- Hualin Temple (华林寺) (Built in 964, Song dynasty) Its main hall is known as the oldest surviving wooden building in south China and was confirmed as an important heritage site under state protection in 1982.
- Dizang Temple (The Temple of Sacrificing Guardian of the Earth, founded in 527)
- Xichan Temple (西禅寺) (Founded in 867)
- Wu Ta (乌塔) "Black Pagoda" (Originally built in 799, rebuilt in 936)
- Bai Ta (白塔) "White Pagoda" (On the top of Mount Yu, originally built in 905, 67 m in height, collapsed in 1534, rebuilt in 1548, 41 m in height)
- Yongquan Temple (涌泉寺) (Founded in 915, and located on the top of Mount Gu)
- Mount Gu (鼓山), the tallest mountain in the area. Attracts many residents, especially in the weekends for hiking trips.
- Mount Qi (旗山) (In Nanyu, Minhou County.)
- Luoxing Tower (罗星塔) (In Mawei Districtand built in the Song dynasty. Was called "China Tower")
- Tanshishan cultural relics (昙石山文化遗址) (In Ganzhe, Minhou County)
- Saint Dominic's Cathedral(福州圣多明我主教座堂)
- St. John's Church, Fuzhou
- Jinshan Temple[citation needed] (金山寺) (Originally built in 1131–1162, rebuilt in 1934)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/St._Dominic%27s_Cathedral_Fuzhou_Post-Renovation_Interior.webp/428px-St._Dominic%27s_Cathedral_Fuzhou_Post-Renovation_Interior.webp.png)
-
Fuzhou Confucian temple
-
St. John's Church, Fuzhou
-
Jinshan Temple
Recreational
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Fuzhou_Beach_Park.jpg/232px-Fuzhou_Beach_Park.jpg)
- Fujian Museum (福建省博物院) (Near West Lake)
- Wulongjiang Shidi Park (乌龙江湿地公园) (A wetland park. However, the park is in distress due to ineffective environmental protection and construction)
- Beach Park (沙滩公园)
- Chating Park (茶亭公园)
- Zuohai Park (左海公园)
- Minjiang Park (闽江公园) (On the two banks of the Min River)
- Pingshan Park (屏山公园)
- Mount Jinniu Park (金牛山公园) (Near the Fuzhou West Long-Distance Bus Station)
- Mount Jinji Park (金鸡山公园)
- Fuzhou National Forest Park (福州国家森林公园)
- Sandiejing Forest Park (三叠井森林公园)
- Fuzhou Hot Spring Park (福州温泉公园)
- Fuzhou Zoo (福州动物园) (This new zoo was built in 2008 after moving from its old location by West Lake)
Notable people
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Fuzhou_Linzexu.jpg/220px-Fuzhou_Linzexu.jpg)
- Sa Zhenbing (萨镇冰, 1859–1952), high-ranking naval officer of Mongolian origin
- Go Seigen (吳清源, 1914–2014), Weiqi/Go player, considered by many players to be the greatest player of the game in the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time
- Lin Changmin (zh:林長民, 1876–1925), a high-rank governor in the Beiyang Government
- Lin Huiyin (林徽因, 1904–1955), architect and writer
- Lin Juemin (林觉民, 1887–1911), one of 72 Revolutionary Martyrs at Huanghuagang, Guangzhou
- Murong Shenxing (zh:慕容慎行, 1934–2018), neuroscientist, researcher and doctor
- Ingen (隱元隆琦, 1592–1673), well known Buddhist monk, poet and calligrapher who lived during Ming Dynasty
- Baizhang Huaihai (百丈懷海, 720–814), an influential master of Zen Buddhism during the Tang Dynasty
- Huangbo Xiyun (黄檗希運, died 850), an influential master of Zen Buddhism during the Tang Dynasty
- Chen Youding (陳友定, 1330–1368), a prominent military leader during the Yuan Dynasty
- Gao Bing (高棅, 1350–1423), an author and poetry theorist during the Ming Dynasty
- Zhang Jing (張經, 1492–1555), a prominent military leader during the Ming Dynasty
- Zheng Xiaoxu (鄭孝胥, 1860–1938), statesman, diplomat and calligrapher
- Liang Hongzhi (梁鴻志, 1882–1946), a high-rank governor in the Beiyang Government
- Chen Baochen (陈宝琛, 1848–1935), scholar and loyalist to the Qing dynasty
- Chih-Tang Sah (薩支唐, born 1932), Chinese-American engineer of Mongolian origin
- Chen Shaokuan (陳紹寬, 1889–1969), Fleet Admiral who served as the senior commander of naval forces of the National Revolutionary Army
- Bing Xin (冰心, 1900–1999), writer
- Zheng Zhenduo (郑振铎, 1898–1958), journalist and literary scholar
- Zou Taofen (鄒韜奮, 1895–1944), journalist, media entrepreneur, and political activist
- Zhan Shi Chai(詹世釵, 1840s–1893), entertainer as "Chang the Chinese Giant"
- Huang Naishang (黄乃裳, 1849–1924), Christian scholar, and founding father of Malaysian town of Sibu, in the state of Sarawak
- La Dame aux Camélias
- Yan Fu (严复, 1854–1921), scholar and translator, best known for introducing western ideas such as Darwinian evolution
- Huang Jun (黄濬, 1890–1937), writer
- Lin Sen (林森, 1868–1943), President of the Republic of China from 1931 to 1943
- Sa Shijun (zh:萨师俊, 1896–1938), high-ranking naval officer of Mongolian origin
- Liu Buchan (劉步蟾, 1852–1895), naval officer of the Beiyang Fleet, the most prominent of China's naval units in the late Qing Dynasty
- First Anglo-Chinese War
- Hsien Wu (吳憲, 1893–1959), protein scientist
- Shen Baozhen (沈葆桢, 1820–1879), Viceroy of Liangjiang from 1875 to 1879
- Hou Debang (侯德榜, 1890–1974), chemical engineer
- Lu Yin (廬隱, 1898–1934), writer
- Hu Yepin (胡也頻, 1903–1931), writer
- Zhu Qianzhi (朱謙之, 1899–1972), intellectual, translator and historian
- Zhang Yuzhe (張鈺哲, 1902–1986), astronomer and director of the Purple Mountain Observatory
- Shu Chun Teng (鄧叔群, 1902–1970), mycologist
- Fan Tchunpi, painter and ceramicist
- Watchman Nee (倪柝声, 1903–1972), Christian author and church leader
- Deng Tuo (邓拓, 1911–1966), poet, intellectual and journalist
- aerospace engineerand regarded as the "father of China's cruise missile program"
- Xiao Guangyan (萧光琰, 1920–1968), chemical engineer
- Wu Mengchao (吴孟超, 1922–2021), medical scientist
- Chen Jingrun (陈景润, 1933–1996), mathematician who made significant contributions to number theory
- Chen Zhangliang (陈章良, born 1962), biologist, elected as vice-governor of Guangxi in 2007
- Lin Jiaqiao (林家翹, 1916–2013), well-known mathematician
- Shen-su Sun (孫賢鉥, 1943–2005), geochemist
- Chen Kaige (陈凯歌, born 1952), film director
- PLA Navy admiral and Director of the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission
- Chen Pao-yu (陳寶餘, born 1958), Chief of Staff of the Taiwanese Army
- Vanessa Shih (史亞平, born 1962), Taiwanese diplomat
- Chen Haomin (陳浩民, 1969–present), Hong Kong actor and singer
- Kelly Lin (林熙蕾, born 1973), Taiwanese actress and model
- Lin Chi-ling (林志玲, born 1974), Taiwanese actress and model
- Jimmy Lin (林志穎, born 1974), Taiwanese singer, actor, and race car driver
- Chiang Tsu-ping (江祖平, born 1978), Taiwanese actress and television host
- London 2012 Olympic Games
- Eugene A. Coffin (1888–1972), rear admiral in the United States Coast Guard
- Zhou Zihe (周子和, 1874–1926), possible shifu of Uechi Kanbun, founder of Uechi Ryū
- human smuggler and snakehead
- Chinese-Canadianactor and model
- Jony J (肖佳, born 1989), rapper and songwriter
- Xu Bin (徐彬, born 1989), actor and singer
- Tai Choo Yee (戴祖亿 born 1990), Chinese Malaysian YouTuber and journalist
Education
Colleges and universities
- Fujian Normal University (福建师范大学; founded in 1907)
- Fuzhou University (福州大学; founded in 1958)
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (福建农林大学; founded in 1958)
Three Universities above take the leading position in the province, and they are supported by Fujian Government to build High-level University.[57][58]
- Fujian Medical University
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Minjiang University
- Fujian University of Technology
- Fujian Police College
- Fujian Commercial College
- Fijian Jiangxia University
Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.
High schools
- Fuzhou No.8 Middle School (福州第八中学)
- Fuzhou Foreign Language School (福州外国语学校)
- Fuzhou Gezhi High School (福州格致中学)
- Fuzhou No.1 Middle School (福建省福州第一中学)
- Fuzhou No.3 Middle School (福州第三中学)
- Fuzhou Senior High School (福州高级中学)
- Fuzhou No.4 Middle School (福州第四中学)
- Fuzhou No.2 Middle School (福州第二中学)
- The Affiliated High School Of Fujian Normal University (福建师范大学附属中学)
- Fuzhou Pingdong Middle School (福州屏东中学)
See also
- Nantai Island
- List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population
- List of twin towns and sister cities in China
- Fuzhounese people
- Fuzhou language
- Fujian
Notes
- alternately romanizedas Foochow
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- ISBN 0-521-49781-7. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
Foochow was reserved for trade with the Philippines (a similar role had been assumed by Ch'iian- chou between 1368 and 1374 and again after 1403 in the Yung-le era)
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Sources
- A Brief History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), Hu Pu-yu, (Chung Wu Publishing Co. Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China, 1974) pg 142.
- China at War 1901–1949, Edward L. Dreyer, (Longman, London and New York, 1995) pg 235.
- Australia's China, Changing Perceptions from the 1930s to the 1990s, Lachlan Strachan, (Cambridge University Press 1996) pg 107.
- Bomb, Book & Compass, Joseph Needham and the Great Secrets of China, Simon Winchester, (Penguin *Group Australia, Camberwell, Victoria) pp 143–151.
- Yu, Yingshi (1986). Denis Twitchett; Michael Loewe (eds.). Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. – A.D. 220. University of Cambridge Press. ISBN 978-0-5212-4327-8.
- Yule, Henry (2002), The Travels of Friar Odoric
- wesleyan.edu
- indiana.edu Archived 2013-06-15 at the Wayback Machine
- politics.people.com.cn Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Fuzhou Government website(in Chinese)
- Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. IX (9th ed.). 1879. p. 812. .
- Introduction to Fuzhou and local news Archived 2018-12-07 at the Wayback Machine on China Daily website (in English)
- Fuzhou Places to visit Archived 2017-12-31 at the Wayback Machine.
- Fuzhou News Net(in Chinese)
- Fuzhou Municipal Television Station(in Chinese)
- An early history of Fujian and Fuzhou (in Chinese)
Fuzhou travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Maritime Art – On the River Min(in English)
- Fuzhou Daily, Fuzhou Evening News and its Overseas Edition, the local newspapers(in Chinese)
- Historic US Army map of Fuzhou, 1945